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Apache-2.0

最近公司要开发商城,让我多方咨询,最后看了很多,要不就是代码、表字段注释不全,要不就是bug多,要么就是文档缺少,最后决定自己开发一套商城。 下面是开发的一些心得体会,权且记录下来,给自己做个记录把。

本人QQ:4407509,有企业需要的可以联系。网址:www.hulianrongyun.com

之前一直都是在从事电商相关和互联网金融开发,处理过亿级数据量,所以被目前这家公司看重。 由于Java是开源的,最近几年Hadoop等开源产品越来越成熟,而且是基于Java的,所以最终选择Java最后后台开发语言,现在前端是自己的前端工程师写的JS,后期准备改成前端是PHP,中间是Go语言,后台服务器是JAVA,因为PHP写前端很厉害,不过这个也是后期了。

控制层:这几年SrpingMVC发展的非常火,而且开发效率比较高,struts系列已经完全没落了,所以现阶段选择SrpingMVC。用SpringBoot来做配置管理。

视图层:网上已经有非常多的测试过JSP、freemarkder、velocity等,结果性能:velocity>freemarker>jsp,开发速度:velocity>freemarker>jsp

数据库设计: 1、关键的一个是绝对不能有外键强关联,我看到类似用hibernate、jdbcTemplate产品的一些公司,全部都是强关联,那你以后想删除一些数据,那真是噩梦的,这个还不用说,查询性能方面影响也是巨大的。 2、分库分表。这个必须要支持的,做互联网数据量是非常的巨大的,如果开始就不能支持分库分表,那么后期会至少花上千万去做这事,最好一个例子就是当当网,当年很多事单库的,到现在也没有实现分库分表,它们只能使用一些分区表架构,分区表本身就存在很大问题,比如扩展性、数据量过亿都是问题!!!! 3、读写分离:很多公司用spring做读写分离,这个是有非常大的问题的。一般我们的做法是在数据库层做的。通过中间件来做处理。

数据库选择:最好还是myslq 1、轻量,2、开源(阿里的alisql就是MySQL改个名字),3、功能能满足电商需求

搜索:选择lucene较好,原因是他封装的较好

权限:对于电商来说不应该设计的过于复杂,我认为主要就两张表就够了,一个是角色Role表,一个是资源Resources表,然后用户和角色通过中间表关联下就OK了,角色里面有资源,很简单的逻辑,security、shiro这两款的权限框架都能做出这个需求。

缓存:目前使用Redis,我看到有的公司使用的是memcache,这个10年前,就这样,功能非常的简陋不说,主要一个问题是会有死缓存,就是缓存怎么也清空不了,这个你想想就知道多悲剧了,商家修改了价格,怎么也改不了,最后只能关闭机器重启。还有的公司使用的还是hibernate提供的ehcache,这个大家自行了解即可,关键是他做集群有问题,搞电商不可能是单机的,刚上线至少是2台服务器。

静态化:目前做静态化,可以实现全站90%都是静态页面,数据从集群redis缓存中读取。

服务化:目前使用SpringCloud,主要是SpringCloud提供非常多的基于RPC的服务治理:服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等。

图片服务器:这个也是非常重要的环节,目前我们测试系统都有5个G的图片了!!!!线上估计会是以T计算的,觉得是需要独立的图片服务器的。

集群、负载、分布式:前面的分库分表、服务化、图片服务器都是为集群、负载、分布式做准备的,集群需要基于CDN做动态切换,服务器用Nginx做复杂,业务层用SpringCloud做分布式服务。

下面整理下整个架构吧: 展示层/控制层:SpringMVC,SpringBoot做配置。 持久层:mybatis 数据库:MySQL/Oracle,支持主从复制、读写分离、多机备份、支持分库分表 缓存机制:Redis,CDN图片缓存,也是支持热备份、高并发的 图片服务器:购买专用服务器,用nginx做负载 搜索引擎: 分布式Lucene 服务器:Linux 中间件:tomcat、nginx,还有其他N多的支持集群部署的安装间接软件,就不一一列举了 图片服务器:统一图片服务器CDN加速。 集群方案:多机tomcat,seesion统一管理,图片统一管理。这些需要一套解决方案。 服务器要求:linux/windows,128G内存,空间500G以上

最后对于JAVA领域商城的开发,其实在PHP、.NET语言中,已经有非常多的成熟同类产品了,比如shopnc、ecshop等等等,但是PHP的逻辑都是写在前台文件中,这个就跟JAVA中的逻辑都是写在了JSP中一样,这样虽然便于开发,但是后期二次开发、维护都不方便。另外.NET语言大家都是知道的,它是不开源的,这个我觉得不敢用的,哪天你遇到致命bug了,没法从底层排查,这也是为什么银行、金融、电商很多行业不用这个语言原因了。

另外对于JAVA开发方面,其实如果有好的架构,JAVA程序员只写逻辑,前端只写前端,数据库DBA只关注DBA,这样的话,开发起来会非常的方便。我们团队目前也是花了很长时间,也借鉴了很多成熟的框架,研发了一套适合商城开发的一套架构。等到以后有机会可以开源出来给大家。

网址:www.hulianrongyun.com,本人QQ:4407509,有企业需要的可以联系。

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用到的技术:SpringBoot SpringCloud Finchy、mybatis、mysql、redis,支持集群、分布式部署方式 展开 收起
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