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MulanPSL-2.0

SpringCloud 学习笔记

2021年04月29日开始学习。 下图为学习主要的技术点: 将以上图为参考逐渐完成spring cloud的入门学习。

  • tips1:dependencyManagement和dependency区别:dependencyManagement一般会出现在一个项目的最顶层的父POM中,在子项目引用一个依赖 时不用显示的列出版本号,只声明依赖并不引入实现

  • 约定大于配置大于编码

Rest微服务工程构建

微服务模块构建过程:

建module 改POM 写YAM 主启动 业务类

  • tips2: 复习数据库知识
  • tips3:在启动项目时,往往会出现接口占用的情况,需要手动关闭,在win10中关闭端口的命令如下:netstat -aon|findstr "端口号" tasklist|findstr "PID号"

构建8001服务时遇到的问题

1.type-aliases-package

也可以指定一个包名,MyBatis 会在包名下面搜索需要的 Java Bean type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities

2.将公共部分打包,单独抽取一个模块,以供别的模块进行调用 3.@RequestBody注解:详细解释

Eureka服务注册与发现


共包含两个组件

host中添加内容(不用记得删除)

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\host
127.0.0.1   eureka7001.com
127.0.0.1   eureka7002.com
127.0.0.1   eureka7003.com

127.0.0.1   myzuul.com
127.0.0.1   config-3344.com
127.0.0.1   client-config.com

127.0.0.1   cloud-provider-payment

下图80端口为服务的调用者,7001和7002为eureka的服务端,8001和8002为eureka的客户端。他们都注册在 eureka server中。 架构示意图如下:

自我保护机制

zookeeper服务注册与发现

  • zookeeper是一个分布式协调工具,可以实现注册中心功能 80/8004端口 zookeeper示意图
{
  "name": "cloud-provider-payment",
  "id": "a6f8567f-0193-4cf5-839b-67f4bf425f02",
  "address": "DESKTOP-L07VRB4",
  "port": 8004,
  "sslPort": null,
  "payload": {
    "@class": "org.springframework.cloud.zookeeper.discovery.ZookeeperInstance",
    "id": "application-1",
    "name": "cloud-provider-payment",
    "metadata": {}
  },
  "registrationTimeUTC": 1627915888631,
  "serviceType": "DYNAMIC",
  "uriSpec": {
    "parts": [
      {
        "value": "scheme",
        "variable": true
      },
      {
        "value": "://",
        "variable": false
      },
      {
        "value": "address",
        "variable": true
      },
      {
        "value": ":",
        "variable": false
      },
      {
        "value": "port",
        "variable": true
      }
    ]
  }
}

这个没有调通。

consul服务注册与发现

80/8006 端口

  • 启动consul agent -dev

三个注册中心的异同

  • C:Consistency(强一致)
  • A:Availability(可用性)
  • P:Partition tolerance(分区容错性)

Ribbon服务调用

一句话:负载均衡+RestTemplate调用

    @Bean
    /**
     *  负载均衡
     */
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return  new RestTemplate();
    }

OpenFeign服务调用

80/ 7001/7002 8001/8002

是一个声明式的Web服务客户端,让编写Web服务客户端变得非常容易,只需要创建一个接口并在接口上添加注解即可。 使用步骤如下

1.在主启动类上添加注解:@EnableFeignClients

2.在service层实现跟服务提供端一样的接口,并添加@FeignClient注解

@Component
@FeignClient("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE")
public interface PaymentFeignService {

   @GetMapping(value="/payment/get/{id}")
   CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
   @GetMapping(value = "/payment/feign/timeout")
   String paymentFeignTimeout();

}

到这了已经学习完服务注册与服务调用,服务注册的目的是使所有的服务都处在可以监控的状态,监控其状态。服务调用是在服务注册的基础上完成的, 像ribbon.openfeign 他们在服务调用的时候回加有负载均衡的功能。

Hystrix服务降级

  1. 服务降级(fallback):向用户提供一个提示,使客户端不再等待,立即返回。
  2. 服务熔断:类比保险丝,达到做大访问量的之后,直接拒绝访问,并调用服务降级的方法返回友好的提示。
  3. 服务限流:秒杀等高并发操作,严禁一窝蜂的过来拥挤,大家排队,一秒N个,有序进行。

项目构建

7001单机 80 8001

GateWay服务网关

三大概念

  1. 路由(Route)
  2. 断言(Predicate)
  3. 过滤(Filter)

Config服务配置

Bus消息总线

这个还不太会!!!!!!!!!!!!! 3355、3366两个工程

@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ config和bus有机会再听一下。 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

Stream消息驱动

消息中间件的上层屏蔽 作用:屏蔽底层中间件的差异,降低切换成本,统一消息的编程模型。

这个也需要消息中间件的知识。

sleuth请求链路跟踪

springcloud alibaba

Nacos

Nacos = Eureka + Config + Bus

  1. Nacos服务注册与发现功能演示:83/9001/9002
  2. Nacos作为配置中心:3377

sentinel

seata

分布式事务解决方案

木兰宽松许可证, 第2版 木兰宽松许可证, 第2版 2020年1月 http://license.coscl.org.cn/MulanPSL2 您对“软件”的复制、使用、修改及分发受木兰宽松许可证,第2版(“本许可证”)的如下条款的约束: 0. 定义 “软件”是指由“贡献”构成的许可在“本许可证”下的程序和相关文档的集合。 “贡献”是指由任一“贡献者”许可在“本许可证”下的受版权法保护的作品。 “贡献者”是指将受版权法保护的作品许可在“本许可证”下的自然人或“法人实体”。 “法人实体”是指提交贡献的机构及其“关联实体”。 “关联实体”是指,对“本许可证”下的行为方而言,控制、受控制或与其共同受控制的机构,此处的控制是指有受控方或共同受控方至少50%直接或间接的投票权、资金或其他有价证券。 1. 授予版权许可 每个“贡献者”根据“本许可证”授予您永久性的、全球性的、免费的、非独占的、不可撤销的版权许可,您可以复制、使用、修改、分发其“贡献”,不论修改与否。 2. 授予专利许可 每个“贡献者”根据“本许可证”授予您永久性的、全球性的、免费的、非独占的、不可撤销的(根据本条规定撤销除外)专利许可,供您制造、委托制造、使用、许诺销售、销售、进口其“贡献”或以其他方式转移其“贡献”。前述专利许可仅限于“贡献者”现在或将来拥有或控制的其“贡献”本身或其“贡献”与许可“贡献”时的“软件”结合而将必然会侵犯的专利权利要求,不包括对“贡献”的修改或包含“贡献”的其他结合。如果您或您的“关联实体”直接或间接地,就“软件”或其中的“贡献”对任何人发起专利侵权诉讼(包括反诉或交叉诉讼)或其他专利维权行动,指控其侵犯专利权,则“本许可证”授予您对“软件”的专利许可自您提起诉讼或发起维权行动之日终止。 3. 无商标许可 “本许可证”不提供对“贡献者”的商品名称、商标、服务标志或产品名称的商标许可,但您为满足第4条规定的声明义务而必须使用除外。 4. 分发限制 您可以在任何媒介中将“软件”以源程序形式或可执行形式重新分发,不论修改与否,但您必须向接收者提供“本许可证”的副本,并保留“软件”中的版权、商标、专利及免责声明。 5. 免责声明与责任限制 “软件”及其中的“贡献”在提供时不带任何明示或默示的担保。在任何情况下,“贡献者”或版权所有者不对任何人因使用“软件”或其中的“贡献”而引发的任何直接或间接损失承担责任,不论因何种原因导致或者基于何种法律理论,即使其曾被建议有此种损失的可能性。 6. 语言 “本许可证”以中英文双语表述,中英文版本具有同等法律效力。如果中英文版本存在任何冲突不一致,以中文版为准。 条款结束 如何将木兰宽松许可证,第2版,应用到您的软件 如果您希望将木兰宽松许可证,第2版,应用到您的新软件,为了方便接收者查阅,建议您完成如下三步: 1, 请您补充如下声明中的空白,包括软件名、软件的首次发表年份以及您作为版权人的名字; 2, 请您在软件包的一级目录下创建以“LICENSE”为名的文件,将整个许可证文本放入该文件中; 3, 请将如下声明文本放入每个源文件的头部注释中。 Copyright (c) [Year] [name of copyright holder] [Software Name] is licensed under Mulan PSL v2. 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尚硅谷SpringBoot学习笔记 展开 收起
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