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README
LGPL-2.1

tcplstat - TCP网络监控工具

1. 概述

只因为上周五晚上我不小心看了一眼libpcap资料,创造情结蠢蠢欲动,一个周末都没过好,经过四个晚上奋力疾书,于是在周二晚的现在诞生了这个TCP网络监控工具。

tcplstat是基于libpcap网络嗅探程序包的网络监控工具,它能旁路捕获所有经过网络设备过滤规则的TCP数据,跟踪当前所有TCP连接会话,记录所有经过的TCP分组,当连接断开或到达最大记录数时倒出统计信息,包含但不限于连接两端网络地址、建立时间戳、三步握手各分组延迟、四步分手各分组延迟,数据分组明细、往来分组间延迟和相反方向分组延迟的最小、平均、最大统计值。

tcplstat在旁路工作,所以不会对应用造成任何影响,也无需侵入应用,即可获得网络数据往来分组明细和统计信息。

tcplstat在实现基础网络监控功能时还实现了采集分析SQL耗时和HTTP耗时信息,同样也是旁路捕获,不影响应用也无需改造应用,帮助应用优化性能。

tcplstat是开源的,除了引用了Linux内核的红黑树和链表源码外,自身源码只有1500行左右,源码结构简单易读。

tcplstat跨主流平台Linux、WINDOWS、AIX。

2. 安装

理论上tcplstat可以安装在任何有libpcap的环境,包括Linux、WINDOWS、AIX等。

Linux/AIX上编译安装tcplstat前需先安装libpcap-devel;只运行tcplstat前需先安装libpcap。

WINDOWS上编译安装tcplstat前需先安装winpcap开发包;只运行tcplstat前需先安装winpcap运行包。

注意:winpcap不能嗅探回环接口网络包(含本地访问本地),如果有嗅探回环接口需求请安装npcap替换winpcap。

2.1. 源码编译安装(Linux操作系统)

从tcplstat源码托管站点(网址在最后)下载最新源码包,解开并进入源码目录

$ tar xvzf tcplstat.tar.gz
...
¥ cd tcplstat/src

按需修改安装目录

$ vi makeinstall
_BINBASE        =       $(HOME)/bin

注意:编译环境需要开发包libpcap-devel,请预先安装好。

编译、安装tcplstat

$ make -f makefile.Linux
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c list.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c rbtree.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c rbtree_ins.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c Util.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c main.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c PcapCallback.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c ProcessTcpPacket.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c AddTcpPacket.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -I/home/calvin/include -I. -I/home/calvin/include  -c OutputTcplSession.c
gcc -g -fPIC -O2 -Wall -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing -o tcplstat list.o rbtree.o rbtree_ins.o Util.o main.o PcapCallback.o ProcessTcpPacket.o AddTcpPacket.o OutputTcplSession.o -L/home/calvin/lib -L. -L/home/calvin/lib -lpcap 
$ make -f makefile.Linux install
cp -rf tcplstat /home/calvin/bin/

编译链接只产生了一个可执行程序tcplstat,也可自行复制到目标目录。

显示版本信息

$ tcplstat -v
tcplstat v0.10.0 build Feb 28 2018 23:14:00
copyright by calvin<calvinwilliams@163.com> 2018

2.2. 源码编译安装(WINDOWS操作系统;VS2008开发环境)

用VS2008打开src\vs2008\vs2008.sln,配置winpcap头文件和库文件路径,构建可执行程序即可。

注意:源码包bin\tcplstat.exe是我在WIN10环境里链接出来的可执行程序,可直接执行使用。

3. 使用

3.1. 命令行参数说明

不带命令行参数执行显示所有命令行参数

$ tcplstat
USAGE : tcplstat -v
                 -l
                 [ -i (network_interface) ] [ -f (filter_string) ] [ -o [ESPDd] ] [ --sql ] [ --http ] [ --max-packet-trace-count ] [ --log-file (pathfilename) ]
-o E : Output EVENT
   S : Output SESSION
   P : Output PACKET
   D : Output PACKET DATA
   d : Output DEBUG
--sql : Output SQL time elapse
NOTICE : See pcap-filter(7) for the syntax of filter
  • -v 显示版本信息
  • -l 列出所有网络设备,传递给-i,尤其是在WINDOWS上网络设备名不好猜
  • -i 设置网络设备接口,不设置则默认使用any
  • -f 设置网络过滤规则,比如tcp port 445嗅探所有连接到端口445的往来TCP分组,具体参见pcap-filter(7)
  • -o 一旦捕获到TCP分组,输出数据类型,E表示输出分组事件,S表示连接断开输出会话统计信息,P表示连接断开输出TCP分组统计信息,D表示连接断开输出TCP分组数据信息,d表示输出调试信息
  • --sql 捕获SQL统计耗时信息
  • --http 捕获HTTP统计耗时信息
  • --max-packet-trace-count 针对长连接不释放,总是不能侦测到连接断开也就不能输出会话总结信息,该选项设置TCP分组累积到多少时强制输出并清空TCP分组明细信息,默认为1000,下次输出会话统计信息时前缀从'E |'变成'E -'
  • --log-file 输出到日志文件,不设置文件则输出到屏幕

注意:执行tcplstat需要root权限。

3.2. 一个示例(即时输出TCP分组事件)

第一屏运行tcplstat

# tcplstat -f "tcp port 445" -o E

第二屏向445端口发送一个字符串,然后被samba服务器无情强行断开

$ echo "hello" | nc 114.215.179.129 445

第一屏输出

E | 2018-02-07T20:09:21.249992 | LHT[113] | SMAC[] DMAC[] | SIP[114.215.179.129] DIP[114.215.179.129] | SPORT[44200] DPORT[445] SEQ[3750544418] ACKSEQ[0] SYN[1] ACK[0] FIN[0] PSH[0] RST[0] URG[0] | [0]BYTES
E | 2018-02-07T20:09:21.250004 | LHT[113] | SMAC[] DMAC[] | SIP[114.215.179.129] DIP[114.215.179.129] | SPORT[445] DPORT[44200] SEQ[974809372] ACKSEQ[3767321634] SYN[1] ACK[1] FIN[0] PSH[0] RST[0] URG[0] | [0]BYTES
E | 2018-02-07T20:09:21.250018 | LHT[113] | SMAC[] DMAC[] | SIP[114.215.179.129] DIP[114.215.179.129] | SPORT[44200] DPORT[445] SEQ[3767321634] ACKSEQ[991586588] SYN[0] ACK[1] FIN[0] PSH[0] RST[0] URG[0] | [0]BYTES
E | 2018-02-07T20:09:21.251501 | LHT[113] | SMAC[] DMAC[] | SIP[114.215.179.129] DIP[114.215.179.129] | SPORT[44200] DPORT[445] SEQ[3767321634] ACKSEQ[991586588] SYN[0] ACK[1] FIN[0] PSH[1] RST[0] URG[0] | [6]BYTES
E |                  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F    0123456789ABCDEF
E |     0x00000000   68 65 6C 6C 6F 0A                                 hello.          
E | 2018-02-07T20:09:21.251507 | LHT[113] | SMAC[] DMAC[] | SIP[114.215.179.129] DIP[114.215.179.129] | SPORT[445] DPORT[44200] SEQ[991586588] ACKSEQ[3867984930] SYN[0] ACK[1] FIN[0] PSH[0] RST[0] URG[0] | [0]BYTES
E | 2018-02-07T20:09:21.251661 | LHT[113] | SMAC[] DMAC[] | SIP[114.215.179.129] DIP[114.215.179.129] | SPORT[44200] DPORT[445] SEQ[3867984930] ACKSEQ[991586588] SYN[0] ACK[1] FIN[1] PSH[0] RST[0] URG[0] | [0]BYTES
E | 2018-02-07T20:09:21.256246 | LHT[113] | SMAC[] DMAC[] | SIP[114.215.179.129] DIP[114.215.179.129] | SPORT[445] DPORT[44200] SEQ[991586588] ACKSEQ[3884762146] SYN[0] ACK[1] FIN[1] PSH[0] RST[0] URG[0] | [0]BYTES
E | 2018-02-07T20:09:21.256267 | LHT[113] | SMAC[] DMAC[] | SIP[114.215.179.129] DIP[114.215.179.129] | SPORT[44200] DPORT[445] SEQ[3884762146] ACKSEQ[1008363804] SYN[0] ACK[1] FIN[0] PSH[0] RST[0] URG[0] | [0]BYTES
...

E开头的行为一个TCP分组,各列分别是发生时间戳、链路层头结构、发送方MAC、接收方MAC、发送方IP、接收方IP、发送方PORT、接收方PORT、序列号、反馈序列号、分组类型标志集合、有效荷载数据长度。

3.3. 另一个示例(短连接断开后输出统计信息)

第一屏运行tcplstat

# tcplstat -f "tcp port 445" -o SPD

第二屏向445端口发送一个字符串,然后被samba服务器无情强行断开

$ echo "hello" | nc 114.215.179.129 445

第一屏输出

S | [114.215.179.129:44205]->[114.215.179.129:445] | 2018-02-07T20:20:41.903338 | 0.016535 | 0.000016 0.000015 , 0.000006 0.000741 0.001477 0.000006 0.000749 0.001492 , 0.000036 0.014964 0.000021 | 2 6
P |     2018-02-07T20:20:41.903338 | 0.000000 0.000000 | [114.215.179.129:44205]->[114.215.179.129:445] | S..... 0
P |     2018-02-07T20:20:41.903354 | 0.000016 0.000016 | [114.215.179.129:44205]<-[114.215.179.129:445] | S..A.. 0
P |     2018-02-07T20:20:41.903369 | 0.000015 0.000015 | [114.215.179.129:44205]->[114.215.179.129:445] | ...A.. 0
P |     2018-02-07T20:20:41.904846 | 0.001477 0.001492 | [114.215.179.129:44205]->[114.215.179.129:445] | ..PA.. 6
D |                  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F    0123456789ABCDEF
D |     0x00000000   68 65 6C 6C 6F 0A                                 hello.          
P |     2018-02-07T20:20:41.904852 | 0.000006 0.000006 | [114.215.179.129:44205]<-[114.215.179.129:445] | ...A.. 0
P |     2018-02-07T20:20:41.904888 | 0.000036 0.000036 | [114.215.179.129:44205]->[114.215.179.129:445] | .F.A.. 0
P |     2018-02-07T20:20:41.919852 | 0.014964 0.014964 | [114.215.179.129:44205]<-[114.215.179.129:445] | .F.A.. 0
P |     2018-02-07T20:20:41.919873 | 0.000021 0.000021 | [114.215.179.129:44205]->[114.215.179.129:445] | ...A.. 0
...

S开头的行为一个连接统计信息,各列分别是连接方地址、被连接方地址、建立连接时间戳、连接总存在时间、三步握手各分组延迟、四步分手各分组延迟、往来分组间延迟和相反方向分组延迟的最小、平均、最大统计值,总分组数,有效载荷数据总大小。

P开头的行为一个连接中的一个TCP分组统计信息,各列分别是分组发生时间戳、往来分组间延迟和相反方向分组延迟、连接方地址、分组发送方向、被连接方地址、分组类型标志集合、有效荷载数据长度。

可以看出,自己想获得什么样的数据,就组合命令行参数-o后面的字母集合即可,最详细的信息参数组合是ESPDd

3.4. 再一个示例(采集统计SQL耗时)

捕获SQL的原理很简单,检查每一个TCP分组中是否存在SQL语句,如果有则做个标记,等待下一个有效载荷的反向TCP分组到来后,计算时间差即是SQL执行时间。

这里以PostgreSQL为例,MySQL、Oracle等同样有效。

第一屏运行tcplstat

# tcplstat -f "tcp port 8432" --sql

第二屏用psql打开数据库连接,查询所有表总记录数

calvin=# \d
                               关联列表
 架构模式 |                   名称                   |  型别  | 拥有者 
----------+------------------------------------------+--------+--------
 public   | alphastock_company_info                  | 资料表 | calvin
 public   | alphastock_company_ipo                   | 资料表 | calvin
 public   | alphastock_stock_code                    | 资料表 | calvin
 public   | alphastock_stock_kline                   | 资料表 | calvin
 public   | alphastock_stock_kline_max_closing_price | 资料表 | calvin
 public   | financing_chinawealth                    | 资料表 | calvin
 public   | whoispider_domain                        | 资料表 | calvin
(7 行记录)

calvin=# select count(*) from alphastock_company_info;
 count 
-------
  3596
(1 行记录)

calvin=# select count(*) from alphastock_company_ipo ;
 count 
-------
  3596
(1 行记录)

calvin=# select count(*) from alphastock_stock_code ;
 count 
-------
  3596
(1 行记录)

calvin=# select count(*) from alphastock_stock_kline ;
  count  
---------
 8826375
(1 行记录)

calvin=# select count(*) from financing_chinawealth ;
calvin-# ;
 count  
--------
 168148
(1 行记录)

第一屏输出

Q | 2018-02-07T20:28:07.978745 0.000869 | select count(*) from alphastock_company_info;
Q | 2018-02-07T20:28:10.427744 0.000605 | select count(*) from alphastock_company_ipo ;
Q | 2018-02-07T20:28:12.923744 0.000737 | select count(*) from alphastock_stock_code ;
Q | 2018-02-07T20:28:15.291747 42.884759 | select count(*) from alphastock_stock_kline ;
Q | 2018-02-07T20:29:35.218747 3.505407 | select count(*) from financing_chinawealth ;
...

Q开头的行为一条SQL耗时统计,各列是开始执行时间戳、执行耗时、SQL语句。

可以看到表alphastock_stock_kline很大,SQLselect count(*) from alphastock_stock_kline花了42秒,表alphastock_company_ipo很小,SQLselect count(*) from alphastock_company_ipo花了0.6毫秒。

整个采集统计过程完全以旁路方式进行,不影响应用也无需侵入应用。

4. 最后

欢迎使用tcplstat,如果你使用中碰到了问题请告诉我,谢谢 ^_^

源码托管地址 : 开源中国github

作者邮箱 : 网易Gmail

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