# springboot-learn **Repository Path**: hrbu2023/springboot-learn ## Basic Information - **Project Name**: springboot-learn - **Description**: springboot-学习 - **Primary Language**: Unknown - **License**: Not specified - **Default Branch**: master - **Homepage**: None - **GVP Project**: No ## Statistics - **Stars**: 0 - **Forks**: 0 - **Created**: 2026-03-24 - **Last Updated**: 2026-03-27 ## Categories & Tags **Categories**: Uncategorized **Tags**: None ## README # SpringBoot介绍金山老师的笔记： https://blog.fulfill.com.cn/course/01-java/springboot/springboot-9.html Spring Boot 让你轻松创建独立的基于生产级别的 Spring 应用程序，这些应用程序你可以“只需运行”。我们对Spring平台和第三方库持独特观点，让你能轻松上手。大多数 Spring Boot 应用只需极少的 Spring 配置。如果你想了解某个特定版本的信息，或者如何从早期版本升级，可以查看我们维基上的[项目发布说明部分](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/wiki#release-notes)。 ## 特色 - 创建独立的 Spring 应用程序 - 直接嵌入Tomcat、Jetty或Undertow（无需部署WAR文件） - 提供有主见的“起始”依赖，简化你的构建配置 - 尽可能自动配置 Spring 和第三方库 - 提供生产准备的功能，如指标、健康检查和外部配置 - 完全不需要代码生成，也不需要XML配置 ## [文档](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/index.html) https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/index.html # 开发工具 [Spring | Tools](https://spring.io/tools) ![image-20260325084639919](assets/image-20260325084639919.png) ![image-20260325084650541](assets/image-20260325084650541.png) ![image-20260325084710892](assets/image-20260325084710892.png) # 入门项目 ## 快速搭建springmvc ### 父项目 ![image-20260324133854024](assets/image-20260324133854024.png) ### 创建组合项目的子项目 ![image-20260324134918649](assets/image-20260324134918649.png) ### 添加依赖 [spring-boot-starter-web](https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web) 使用 Spring MVC 构建网页应用（包括 RESTful）的 Starter。使用 Tomcat 作为默认嵌入式容器（已被 spring-boot-starter-webmvc 取代）在项目中引入 spring-boot-dependencies，让项目继承自`spring-boot-starter-parent` ```xml 4.0.0 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 3.5.12 com.neuedu.boot boot-01-helloworld jar boot-01-helloworld http://maven.apache.org UTF-8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web ``` ### main方法 ```java package com.neuedu.boot; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; /** * Hello world! * */ @SpringBootApplication public class App { public static void main( String[] args ) { SpringApplication.run(App.class ,args ); } } ``` 测试Controller ```java package com.neuedu.boot.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class IndexController { @RequestMapping("/index") String index(){ return "success"; } } ``` ![image-20260324135538638](assets/image-20260324135538638.png) # 使用[Spring Initializr](https://start.spring.io/)创建项目 ![image-20260324140842789](assets/image-20260324140842789-1774332523091-1.png) ![image-20260324140936477](assets/image-20260324140936477.png) # 使用IDEA的插件 ![image-20260324141144904](assets/image-20260324141144904.png) ![image-20260324141237224](assets/image-20260324141237224.png) # 启动器起始词是一组方便的依赖描述符，你可以在申请中包含。你可以一站式获取所有 Spring 及相关技术，无需翻找样本代码和复制粘贴大量依赖描述符。例如，如果你想开始使用 Spring 和 JPA 进行数据库访问，可以在项目中包含依赖关系。`spring-boot-starter-data-jpa` 起始程序包含了许多你需要快速启动项目并拥有一致且受控的可管理传递依赖所需的依赖。 | Name | Description | |:--------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | `spring-boot-starter` | Core starter, including auto-configuration support, logging and YAML | | `spring-boot-starter-activemq` | Starter for JMS messaging using Apache ActiveMQ | | `spring-boot-starter-amqp` | Starter for using Spring AMQP and Rabbit MQ | | `spring-boot-starter-aop` | Starter for aspect-oriented programming with Spring AOP and AspectJ | | `spring-boot-starter-artemis` | Starter for JMS messaging using Apache Artemis | | `spring-boot-starter-batch` | Starter for using Spring Batch | | `spring-boot-starter-cache` | Starter for using Spring Framework’s caching support | | `spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra` | Starter for using Cassandra distributed database and Spring Data Cassandra | | `spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra-reactive` | Starter for using Cassandra distributed database and Spring Data Cassandra Reactive | | `spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase` | Starter for using Couchbase document-oriented database and Spring Data Couchbase | | `spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase-reactive` | Starter for using Couchbase document-oriented database and Spring Data Couchbase Reactive | | `spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch` | Starter for using Elasticsearch search and analytics engine and Spring Data Elasticsearch | | `spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc` | Starter for using Spring Data JDBC | | `spring-boot-starter-data-jpa` | Starter for using Spring Data JPA with Hibernate | | `spring-boot-starter-data-ldap` | Starter for using Spring Data LDAP | | `spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb` | Starter for using MongoDB document-oriented database and Spring Data MongoDB | | `spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb-reactive` | Starter for using MongoDB document-oriented database and Spring Data MongoDB Reactive | | `spring-boot-starter-data-neo4j` | Starter for using Neo4j graph database and Spring Data Neo4j | | `spring-boot-starter-data-r2dbc` | Starter for using Spring Data R2DBC | | `spring-boot-starter-data-redis` | Starter for using Redis key-value data store with Spring Data Redis and the Lettuce client | | `spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive` | Starter for using Redis key-value data store with Spring Data Redis reactive and the Lettuce client | | `spring-boot-starter-data-rest` | Starter for exposing Spring Data repositories over REST using Spring Data REST and Spring MVC | | `spring-boot-starter-freemarker` | Starter for building MVC web applications using FreeMarker views | | `spring-boot-starter-graphql` | Starter for building GraphQL applications with Spring GraphQL | | `spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates` | Starter for building MVC web applications using Groovy Templates views | | `spring-boot-starter-hateoas` | Starter for building hypermedia-based RESTful web application with Spring MVC and Spring HATEOAS | | `spring-boot-starter-integration` | Starter for using Spring Integration | | `spring-boot-starter-jdbc` | Starter for using JDBC with the HikariCP connection pool | | `spring-boot-starter-jersey` | Starter for building RESTful web applications using JAX-RS and Jersey. An alternative to [`spring-boot-starter-web`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/reference/using/build-systems.html#spring-boot-starter-web) | | `spring-boot-starter-jooq` | Starter for using jOOQ to access SQL databases with JDBC. An alternative to [`spring-boot-starter-data-jpa`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/reference/using/build-systems.html#spring-boot-starter-data-jpa) or [`spring-boot-starter-jdbc`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/reference/using/build-systems.html#spring-boot-starter-jdbc) | | `spring-boot-starter-json` | Starter for reading and writing json | | `spring-boot-starter-mail` | Starter for using Java Mail and Spring Framework’s email sending support | | `spring-boot-starter-mustache` | Starter for building web applications using Mustache views | | `spring-boot-starter-oauth2-authorization-server` | Starter for using Spring Authorization Server features | | `spring-boot-starter-oauth2-client` | Starter for using Spring Security’s OAuth2/OpenID Connect client features | | `spring-boot-starter-oauth2-resource-server` | Starter for using Spring Security’s OAuth2 resource server features | | `spring-boot-starter-pulsar` | Starter for using Spring for Apache Pulsar | | `spring-boot-starter-pulsar-reactive` | Starter for using Spring for Apache Pulsar Reactive | | `spring-boot-starter-quartz` | Starter for using the Quartz scheduler | | `spring-boot-starter-rsocket` | Starter for building RSocket clients and servers | | `spring-boot-starter-security` | Starter for using Spring Security | | `spring-boot-starter-test` | Starter for testing Spring Boot applications with libraries including JUnit Jupiter, Hamcrest and Mockito | | `spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf` | Starter for building MVC web applications using Thymeleaf views | | `spring-boot-starter-validation` | Starter for using Java Bean Validation with Hibernate Validator | | `spring-boot-starter-web` | Starter for building web, including RESTful, applications using Spring MVC. Uses Tomcat as the default embedded container | | `spring-boot-starter-web-services` | Starter for using Spring Web Services | | `spring-boot-starter-webflux` | Starter for building WebFlux applications using Spring Framework’s Reactive Web support | | `spring-boot-starter-websocket` | Starter for building WebSocket applications using Spring Framework’s MVC WebSocket support | | 名称 | 描述 | |:--------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | `spring-boot-starter` | 核心启动功能，包括自动配置支持、日志记录和 YAML | | `spring-boot-starter-activemq` | 使用 Apache ActiveMQ 进行 JMS 消息传递的入门 | | `spring-boot-starter-amqp` | 使用 Spring AMQP 和 Rabbit MQ 的入门程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-aop` | Spring AOP和AspectJ面向切面编程的入门程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-artemis` | 使用 Apache Artemis 的 JMS 消息发送入门 | | `spring-boot-starter-batch` | 使用春季批次的起始剂 | | `spring-boot-starter-cache` | 使用 Spring Framework 缓存支持的 Starter | | `spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra` | 用于使用 Cassandra 分布式数据库和 Spring Data Cassandra 的入门程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra-reactive` | 用于使用 Cassandra 分布式数据库和 Spring Data Cassandra Reactive 的入门工具 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase` | 用于使用 Couchbase 文档导向数据库和 Spring Data Couchbase 的 Starter | | `spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase-reactive` | 用于使用 Couchbase 文档导向数据库和 Spring Data Couchbase Reactive 的 Starter | | `spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch` | 用于使用 Elasticsearch 搜索和分析引擎以及 Spring Data Elasticsearch 的入门工具 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc` | 使用 Spring Data JDBC 的入门 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-jpa` | 使用 Spring Data JPA 搭配 Hibernate 的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-ldap` | 使用 Spring Data LDAP 的起始码 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb` | 用于使用 MongoDB 文档导向数据库和 Spring Data MongoDB 的入门工具 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb-reactive` | 用于使用 MongoDB 文档导向数据库和 Spring Data MongoDB Reactive 的入门 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-neo4j` | 使用 Neo4j 图数据库和 Spring Data Neo4j 的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-r2dbc` | 使用 Spring Data R2DBC 的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-redis` | Starter 用于使用 Redis 键值数据存储，配合 Spring Data Redis 和 Lettuce 客户端 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive` | 使用 Redis 键值数据存储，配合 Spring Data Redis 反应式和 Lettuce 客户端 | | `spring-boot-starter-data-rest` | 使用 Spring Data REST 和 Spring MVC 在 REST 上暴露 Spring Data 仓库的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-freemarker` | 用于使用 FreeMarker 视图构建 MVC 网络应用的 Starter | | `spring-boot-starter-graphql` | 用 Spring GraphQL 构建 GraphQL 应用的入门工具 | | `spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates` | 使用 Groovy 模板视图构建 MVC 网页应用的入门 | | `spring-boot-starter-hateoas` | 用于构建基于超媒体的RESTful网页应用的Spring MVC和Spring HATEOAS的入门程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-integration` | 使用 Spring 集成的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-jdbc` | 使用 JDBC 搭配 HikariCP 连接池的入门 | | `spring-boot-starter-jersey` | 用于使用 JAX-RS 和 Jersey 构建 RESTful 网页应用的 Starter。[`spring-boot-starter-web`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/reference/using/build-systems.html#spring-boot-starter-web) 的替代方案 | | `spring-boot-starter-jooq` | 用jOOQ访问JDBC的SQL数据库的入门工具。[`spring-boot-starter-data-jpa`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/reference/using/build-systems.html#spring-boot-starter-data-jpa) 或 [`spring-boot-starter-jdbc`](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/reference/using/build-systems.html#spring-boot-starter-jdbc) 的替代方案 | | `spring-boot-starter-json` | 用于读写json的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-mail` | 用于使用 Java Mail 和 Spring Framework 邮件发送支持的 Starter | | `spring-boot-starter-mustache` | 使用 Mustache 视图构建网页应用的 Starter | | `spring-boot-starter-oauth2-authorization-server` | 使用 Spring 授权服务器功能的起始工具 | | `spring-boot-starter-oauth2-client` | 用于使用 Spring Security OAuth2/OpenID Connect 客户端功能的入门 | | `spring-boot-starter-oauth2-resource-server` | 使用 Spring Security OAuth2 资源服务器功能的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-pulsar` | 使用 Spring for Apache Pulsar 的入门工具 | | `spring-boot-starter-pulsar-reactive` | 使用 Apache Pulsar Reactive 的 Spring 起始器 | | `spring-boot-starter-quartz` | 使用 Quartz 调度器的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-rsocket` | 构建 RSocket 客户端和服务器的入门程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-security` | 使用 Spring Security 的起始工具 | | `spring-boot-starter-test` | 用于测试包含 JUnit Jupiter、Hamcrest 和 Mockito 等库的 Spring Boot 应用的 Starter | | `spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf` | 用于使用 Thymeleaf 视图构建 MVC 网页应用的 Start。 | | `spring-boot-starter-validation` | 使用 Java Bean 验证与 Hibernate Validator 的入门 | | **`spring-boot-starter-web`** | 使用 Spring MVC 构建网页应用（包括 RESTful）的 Starter。默认嵌入式容器使用 Tomcat | | `spring-boot-starter-web-services` | 使用 Spring Web Services 的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-webflux` | 使用 Spring Framework 的反应式网页支持构建 WebFlux 应用的起始程序 | | `spring-boot-starter-websocket` | 用于使用 Spring Framework 的 MVC WebSocket 支持构建 WebSocket 应用的 Starter | # 自动配置 ![image-20260324143225251](assets/image-20260324143225251.png) 通过加载 META-INF/spring.factories中定义的自动配置类 ![image-20260324143859802](assets/image-20260324143859802.png) ![image-20260324144331597](assets/image-20260324144331597.png) 注册内嵌的Tomcat ```java /* * Copyright 2012-present the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet; import io.undertow.Undertow; import jakarta.servlet.Servlet; import org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat; import org.apache.coyote.UpgradeProtocol; import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.webapp.WebAppContext; import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server; import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Loader; import org.xnio.SslClientAuthMode; import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.SearchStrategy; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerProperties; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.jetty.JettyServerCustomizer; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.jetty.JettyServletWebServerFactory; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatConnectorCustomizer; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatContextCustomizer; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatProtocolHandlerCustomizer; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.undertow.UndertowBuilderCustomizer; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.undertow.UndertowDeploymentInfoCustomizer; import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.undertow.UndertowServletWebServerFactory; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.server.ServletWebServerFactory; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * Configuration classes for servlet web servers *

* Those should be {@code @Import} in a regular auto-configuration class to guarantee * their order of execution. * * @author Phillip Webb * @author Dave Syer * @author Ivan Sopov * @author Brian Clozel * @author Stephane Nicoll * @author Raheela Asalm * @author Sergey Serdyuk */ @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) class ServletWebServerFactoryConfiguration { @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class, UpgradeProtocol.class }) @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = ServletWebServerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) static class EmbeddedTomcat { @Bean TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatServletWebServerFactory( ObjectProvider connectorCustomizers, ObjectProvider contextCustomizers, ObjectProvider> protocolHandlerCustomizers) { TomcatServletWebServerFactory factory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory(); factory.getTomcatConnectorCustomizers().addAll(connectorCustomizers.orderedStream().toList()); factory.getTomcatContextCustomizers().addAll(contextCustomizers.orderedStream().toList()); factory.getTomcatProtocolHandlerCustomizers().addAll(protocolHandlerCustomizers.orderedStream().toList()); return factory; } } /** * Nested configuration if Jetty is being used. */ @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class, WebAppContext.class }) @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = ServletWebServerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) static class EmbeddedJetty { @Bean JettyServletWebServerFactory jettyServletWebServerFactory( ObjectProvider serverCustomizers) { JettyServletWebServerFactory factory = new JettyServletWebServerFactory(); factory.getServerCustomizers().addAll(serverCustomizers.orderedStream().toList()); return factory; } } /** * Nested configuration if Undertow is being used. */ @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class }) @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = ServletWebServerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) static class EmbeddedUndertow { @Bean UndertowServletWebServerFactory undertowServletWebServerFactory( ObjectProvider deploymentInfoCustomizers, ObjectProvider builderCustomizers) { UndertowServletWebServerFactory factory = new UndertowServletWebServerFactory(); factory.getDeploymentInfoCustomizers().addAll(deploymentInfoCustomizers.orderedStream().toList()); factory.getBuilderCustomizers().addAll(builderCustomizers.orderedStream().toList()); return factory; } @Bean UndertowServletWebServerFactoryCustomizer undertowServletWebServerFactoryCustomizer( ServerProperties serverProperties) { return new UndertowServletWebServerFactoryCustomizer(serverProperties); } } } ``` ## 自动配置DispatcherServlet ![image-20260324144116054](assets/image-20260324144116054.png) 不是所有的自动配置类都加载其自动配置的对象，包含条件才会自动配置,比如 `org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration` 需要包含数据源和驱动 ![image-20260324144619677](assets/image-20260324144619677.png) ![image-20260324144635464](assets/image-20260324144635464.png) 用不到的包尽量先不要添加到依赖中，否则可能会出发自动配置（但是可能因为配置缺少导致报错） ## 排除自动配置 ```java @SpringBootApplication(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class }) ``` ![image-20260324144850388](assets/image-20260324144850388.png) # SpringBoot的Maven插件对Spring开发进行支持，比如说打包、热部署等 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin ``` 使用插件打的jar是可以直接运行的，而不使用插件则jar不能运行 ![image-20260325084404117](assets/image-20260325084404117.png) # Spring的配置可以没有配置文件，默认有一些配置项，例如： - 默认的服务器端口号 8080 - 上下文名称 "/" 使用application.properties 或者 application.yaml 常见的配置 [Common Application Properties :: Spring Boot](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/3.5/appendix/application-properties/index.html) - yaml格式 ```yaml #yaml 格式的配置文件在运行的时候，底层会转换成 properties server: port: 7001 servlet: context-path: /boot ``` - properties ```properties server.port=9090 server.servlet.context-path=/boot ``` ## 日志开关 ![image-20260325092354294](assets/image-20260325092354294.png) ``` logging: level: com.neuedu.boot.controller.LogController: TRACE ``` ```java package com.neuedu.boot.controller; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class LogController { Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogController.class); /** * http://127.0.0.1:7001/boot/doLog * @return */ @RequestMapping("/doLog") String doLog(){ logger.trace("trace"); logger.debug("debug ...."); logger.info("info"); logger.warn("warn"); logger.error("error"); return "success"; } } ``` ![image-20260325093223495](assets/image-20260325093223495.png) ![image-20260325093456684](assets/image-20260325093456684.png) springboot使用的是上层SLF4J的库，调用其他日志框架，默认logback ![image-20260325093554667](assets/image-20260325093554667.png) ## 使用Lombok自动注册Log对象添加依赖 ``` org.projectlombok lombok ``` 在需要打印日志的类上面添加注解 ```java package com.neuedu.boot.controller; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @Slf4j public class LogController { //使用SLF4j工具 //Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogController.class); /** * http://127.0.0.1:7001/boot/doLog * @return */ @RequestMapping("/doLog") String doLog(){ log.trace("trace"); log.debug("debug ...."); log.info("info"); log.warn("warn"); log.error("error"); return "success"; } } ``` ## 自定义配置可以在application配置文件中定义属性，在Bean中使用@Value读取 ```yaml #自定义配置项目 jwt: # 生成JWT的秘钥 secret: JWT_S_123456 random: true ``` 使用@Value获取值 `@Value("${key:default}")` - key 就是 application中的key - default 则为找不到可以的默认值 ``` package com.neuedu.boot.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; @RestController public class JWTController { @Value("${jwt.secret}") private String jwtSecret; @Value("${jwt.random}") private boolean random; @Value("${jwt.key:123456}") private String key; /** * http://127.0.0.1:7001/boot/jwt * @return */ @RequestMapping("/jwt") public Map getJwtSecret(){ Map map = new HashMap(); map.put("jwt.secret",jwtSecret); map.put("jwt.random",random); map.put("jwt.key",key); return map; } } ``` 如果key 没有配置，也没有默认值，则会抛出异常 ![image-20260325114820202](assets/image-20260325114820202.png) # jackson配置无需引入jar ，已经传递依赖了， ``` #yaml 格式的配置文件在运行的时候，底层会转换成 properties #server: # port: 8080 # servlet: # context-path: / # debug开关 debug: false spring: jackson: # 全局配置日期格式 date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 ``` 可以使用 @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd", timezone = "GMT+8") 覆盖全局的配置，实现个性化 # 热部署 - 不需要重启，自动更新发布 - 添加插件支持 ```xml 4.0.0 com.neuedu.boot springboot-learn 1.0 boot-04-json-support 1.0 jar boot-04-json-support UTF-8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.projectlombok lombok org.springframework.boot spring-boot-devtools org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin ``` 开启IDEA的支持 - 开启运行时自动编译 - File-Settings-Build,Execution...--Compiler ![image-20260325103314086](assets/image-20260325103314086.png) ![image-20260325103358248](assets/image-20260325103358248.png) ![image-20260325103804391](assets/image-20260325103804391.png) 当改动完IDEA的代码后，让IDEA失去焦点，会自动重新部署，不需要手动重启 # 测试支持 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test ``` ## 普通测试 ```java package com.neuedu.boot; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; public class JunitTest { @Test public void test01(){ System.out.println("hello junit"); } } ``` ## 使用容器获取Bean 需要添加注解 `@SpringBootTest` ```java package com.neuedu.boot.service; import com.neuedu.boot.App06; import com.neuedu.boot.po.User; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; //@SpringBootTest(classes = App04.class) @SpringBootTest class UserServiceTest { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Test void doService() { userService.doService(); } } ``` ## 对MVC进行测试(Mockit) 需要@SPringBootTest+@AutoConfigureMockMvc ```java package com.neuedu.boot.controller; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders; import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status; @SpringBootTest @AutoConfigureMockMvc //在容器中注册一个对象 MockMvc class UserControllerTest { @Autowired MockMvc mockMvc; @Test void list() throws Exception { mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user/list")) .andExpect(status().isOk()) .andDo(result -> System.out.println(result.getResponse().getContentAsString())); } } ``` # profile - application-dev.yaml ```yaml #开发的配置项目 spring: datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/boot?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 username: root password: root ``` - application-prod.yaml ```yaml #生产的配置项目 spring: datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.100:3306/boot?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 username: product password: production ``` - application.yaml ```yaml spring: application: name: ProfileAPP profiles: active: prod ``` ![image-20260325135211571](assets/image-20260325135211571.png) ## 在jar中通过命令行激活配置项 - java -jar xxxxx.jar 运行springboot的项目额外携带参数 - 给虚拟机添加参数 ``` java -Dspring.profiles.active=dev -jar xxxxx.jar java -Dspring.profiles.active=prod -jar xxxxx.jar ``` - 给main方法添加额外的启动参数 ``` java -jar xxxxx.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev -- java -jar xxxxx.jar --spring.profiles.active=prod ``` # Banner ![image-20260325142208876](assets/image-20260325142208876.png) # 使用其他的Servlet服务器替代Tomcat 在pom文档中排除 Tomcat部分，引入Jetty等starter ```xml 4.0.0 com.neuedu.boot springboot-learn 1.0 boot-05-profile jar boot-05-profile http://maven.apache.org UTF-8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-tomcat org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-jetty org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test org.projectlombok lombok org.springframework.boot spring-boot-devtools org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin ``` # 异常处理器 Spring MVC已经支持了全局的异常处理器,SpringBoot将所有的错误，默认发送给 /error 的Handler ![image-20260325144311655](assets/image-20260325144311655.png) ![image-20260325144715221](assets/image-20260325144715221.png) ## 在Controller中添加异常处理 ```java package com.neuedu.boot.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class IndexController { /** * http://127.0.0.1:8080/index?numa=10&numb=2 * @param numa * @param numb * @return */ @RequestMapping("/index") public String index(int numa,int numb) { return "result = ("+(numa/numb)+")"; } /** * 异常处理的方法 * http://127.0.0.1:8080/index?numa=10&numb=2 */ @ExceptionHandler(exception = Exception.class) public String handlerException(Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); return "error"; } } ``` 使用ControllerAdvice，添加全局的异常处理器 ``` package com.neuedu.boot.advice; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.NoResourceFoundException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; @RestControllerAdvice public class MyControllerExceptionHandler { /** * 异常处理的方法 * http://127.0.0.1:8080/index?numa=10&numb=2 *

* 默认的 @ControllerAdvice 的方法返回值，之试图 return 的之应该是 error.html * RestControllerAdvice 的方法返回值，直接响应给客户端 */ @ExceptionHandler(exception = Exception.class) public Map handlerException(Exception ex) { HashMap map = new HashMap<>(); if(ex instanceof NoResourceFoundException){ map.put("code",404); }else{ map.put("code",500); } map.put("msg",ex.getMessage()); map.put("data",null); return map; } } ``` ![image-20260325145520295](assets/image-20260325145520295.png)![image-20260325145611811](assets/image-20260325145611811.png) # 静态资源如果需要再springboot项目中添加静态资源,可以放在Resources/static - /resources - /public - /static ![image-20260325153401931](assets/image-20260325153401931.png) ![image-20260325153419079](assets/image-20260325153419079.png) # 使用spring-starter-validation进行数据验证添加依赖在需要校验的Controller参数上添加@Valid ![image-20260325154330108](assets/image-20260325154330108.png) 添加校验规则 ![image-20260325154434232](assets/image-20260325154434232.png) ![image-20260325154528068](assets/image-20260325154528068.png) ## 接受错误消息,抛出异常 ```java package com.neuedu.boot.controller; import com.neuedu.boot.exception.ControllerException; import com.neuedu.boot.po.User; import jakarta.validation.Valid; import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult; import org.springframework.validation.ObjectError; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.*; @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { /** * http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/save?username=admin * @param user * @return */ @RequestMapping("/save") public boolean save(@Valid User user , BindingResult rs) throws ControllerException { System.out.println("模拟保存 user = " + user); List allErrors = rs.getAllErrors(); StringBuffer errormsg = new StringBuffer(); for (ObjectError allError : allErrors) { String defaultMessage = allError.getDefaultMessage(); String objectName = allError.getObjectName(); System.out.println("defaultMessage = " + defaultMessage); System.out.println("objectName = " + objectName); errormsg.append(defaultMessage); } if(errormsg.length()>0){ throw new ControllerException(errormsg.toString()); } return true; } } ``` ![image-20260325155116583](assets/image-20260325155116583.png) ## 使用全局异常处理器捕获异常 ``` package com.neuedu.boot.advice; import com.neuedu.boot.exception.ControllerException; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.NoResourceFoundException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; @RestControllerAdvice public class MyControllerExceptionHandler { /** * 异常处理的方法 * http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/save?username=admin222222222222222222222222222222222 *

原始的ServletAPI

"); out.flush(); out.close(); } } ``` ![image-20260326091017626](assets/image-20260326091017626.png) ## 使用@Bean注册三大组件 ```java package com.neuedu.boot; import com.neuedu.boot.servletcomponent.OldFilter; import com.neuedu.boot.servletcomponent.OldListener; import com.neuedu.boot.servletcomponent.OldServlet; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletListenerRegistrationBean; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; /** * Hello world! */ @SpringBootApplication //@ServletComponentScan("com.neuedu.boot.servletcomponent") public class App08 { public static void main(String[] args) { //SpringApplication.run(App08.class, args); SpringApplication.run(App08.class, args); } //通过registion @Bean ServletRegistrationBean getServletRegistrationBean(){ ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setServlet(new OldServlet()); registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/oldServlet"); return registrationBean; } @Bean FilterRegistrationBean getFilterRegistrationBean(){ FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setFilter(new OldFilter()); registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/oldServlet"); return registrationBean; } @Bean ServletListenerRegistrationBean getServletListenerRegistrationBean(){ ServletListenerRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setListener(new OldListener()); return registrationBean; } } ``` # 跨域 ## 使用@CrossOrigin注解， ```java @RestController @RequestMapping("/account") public class AccountController { @CrossOrigin @GetMapping("/{id}") public Account retrieve(@PathVariable Long id) { // ... } @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public void remove(@PathVariable Long id) { // ... } } ``` ```java @CrossOrigin(origins = "https://domain2.com", maxAge = 3600) @RestController @RequestMapping("/account") public class AccountController { @GetMapping("/{id}") public Account retrieve(@PathVariable Long id) { // ... } @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public void remove(@PathVariable Long id) { // ... } } ``` ## 全局的配置 ### CORS Filter ```java @Bean FilterRegistrationBean corsFilter() { FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration(); config.setAllowCredentials(true); config.addAllowedOrigin("https://127.0.0.1");//前端的 URL浏览器的地址 config.addAllowedHeader("*"); config.addAllowedMethod("*"); UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource(); source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", config); CorsFilter filter = new CorsFilter(source); registrationBean.setFilter(filter); registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*"); return registrationBean; } ``` ### 使用WebMvcConfigurer的实现类，重写addCorsMappings方法注册跨域 # 拦截器(MVC配置) ```java package com.neuedu.boot.interceptors; import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; @Component public class LoginHandlerInteceptors implements HandlerInterceptor { @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { System.out.println("LoginHandlerInteceptors.preHandle=== 1 "); return true; } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { HandlerInterceptor.super.postHandle(request, response, handler, modelAndView); System.out.println("LoginHandlerInteceptors.preHandle=== 2 "); } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { System.out.println("LoginHandlerInteceptors.preHandle=== 3 "); } } ``` ```java package com.neuedu.boot.config; import com.neuedu.boot.interceptors.LoginHandlerInteceptors; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; @Configuration //@EnableWebMvc springboot不需要编写 public class BootAppWebMvcConfiger implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Autowired LoginHandlerInteceptors loginHandlerInteceptors; @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { //registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInteceptors()) registry.addInterceptor(loginHandlerInteceptors) //拦截的请求 .addPathPatterns("/*/**") //不拦截的请求 .excludePathPatterns("/login"); } @Override public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) { //注册跨域 registry.addMapping("/*/**") .allowedOrigins("https://127.0.0.1") .allowedMethods("*"); //.allowedHeaders("header1", "header2", "header3") //.exposedHeaders("header1", "header2") //.allowCredentials(true).maxAge(3600); } } ``` # 整合MyBatis ## 创建Boot的mvc项目基础包：com.neuedu.mybatis - SpringBoot的启动类 - 测试的Controller ## 整合在Boot中整合MyBatis 使用 starter`MyBatis Spring Boot Starter`:Spring Boot starter for MyBatis that simplifies integration of MyBatis SQL mapping framework in Spring Boot applications. - 添加依赖 - 配置数据源 url、username、password、dirverClassName - 使用工具生成 - Mapper.java - Mapper.xml - PO - 扫描 @MapperScan - - 测试 ### 依赖 ```xml org.mybatis.spring.boot mybatis-spring-boot-starter ${mybatis.version} compile com.mysql mysql-connector-j ``` 添加完依赖之后启动报错，因为引入mybatis-starter会自动配置数据源但是缺少url、username、password、driverClassname的配置,配之完数据源，因为依赖中有自动配置，所以无需额外注册SQLSessionFactory等,其中自动配置类 `MybatisAutoConfiguration`自动注册SQLSessionFactory ![image-20260326104523763](assets/image-20260326104523763.png) ![image-20260326104649316](assets/image-20260326104649316.png) ![image-20260326104742481](assets/image-20260326104742481.png) ### 配置数据源 - 在application.yaml ``` spring: datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/his?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&&useSSL=false username: root password: root ``` ### 生成Mapper.java ,PO、Mapper.xml ![image-20260326105041180](assets/image-20260326105041180.png) ![image-20260326105104936](assets/image-20260326105104936.png) ![image-20260326105124610](assets/image-20260326105124610.png) ## 注册Mapper 在IOC容器中注册Mapper ![image-20260326105233852](assets/image-20260326105233852.png) ## 测试Mapper使用 ```java package com.neuedu.mybatis.mapper; import com.neuedu.mybatis.MyBatisApp; import com.neuedu.mybatis.po.User; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; //@SpringBootTest(classes = MyBatisApp.class) @SpringBootTest() class UserMapperTest { @Autowired private UserMapper userMapper; @Test void selectByPrimaryKey() { long id = 1; User user = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id); System.out.println(user); } } ``` ![image-20260326105437408](assets/image-20260326105437408.png) # 使用Springboot+myabtis 实现crud 整合依赖，jwt、分页插件 ```xml 4.0.0 com.neuedu.boot springboot-learn 1.0 boot-09-mybatis jar boot-09-mybatis http://maven.apache.org UTF-8 3.0.5 4.5.0 6.1.1 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-validation org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test org.projectlombok lombok org.springframework.boot spring-boot-devtools org.mybatis.spring.boot mybatis-spring-boot-starter ${mybatis.version} compile com.mysql mysql-connector-j com.auth0 java-jwt ${auth0.version} com.github.pagehelper pagehelper ${pagerhelper.version} org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin ``` 复制Ret、JWTUtils、异常管理器、拦截器等，改下包名 ![image-20260326113256473](assets/image-20260326113256473.png) 配置拦截器 ```java package com.neuedu.mybatis.config; import com.neuedu.mybatis.interceptor.LoginInterceptor; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; @Configuration public class MvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { /** * 配置拦截器 * @param registry */ @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { registry.addInterceptor(new LoginInterceptor()) .addPathPatterns("/*/**") .excludePathPatterns("/login"); } } ``` 全局的异常处理器 ```java package com.neuedu.mybatis.framework; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; @RestControllerAdvice public class BusinessHandlerExceptionResolver { @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class) public Ret resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) { String message = ex.getMessage(); ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper(); //String userJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(users); Ret