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README
Apache-2.0

easy-http

快速开始

easy-http是一个完全基于注解和接口的http客户端,为简化开发、提高效率而生。

1. 特性
  • 注解简单: 遵循大众的命名习惯,@Body、@Param、@Var等注解见名之意。
  • 无侵入: 接口不需要继承。
  • 请求体支持x-www-form-urlencoded、form-data(包含文件)、binary(二进制)、raw(json、xml等文本)
  • 多客户端实现: 底层支持多种客户端,默认已实现Java原生URL和HttpClient,也可自定义客户端。
  • 支持异步请求。
  • 支持自定义编解码:默认已经内置了JSON编解码(返回参数支持泛型),如需支持xml,可自定义。
  • 支持自定义拦截器:请求前,和请求后的拦截。拦截器可满足大部分业务需求,如:计算请求耗时,动态添加公共请求头,返回错误统一处理等等。
  • 支持请求重试,可自定义重试触发规则。
  • 提供spring-boot版本,使用更简单。
2. 安装

Java版本: 最低 8

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.github.vizaizai</groupId>
  <artifactId>easy-http</artifactId>
  <version>4.1.8</version>
</dependency>

spring-boot版本移步: easy-http-boot-starter

3. 使用

首先定义一个接口:

public interface BookHttpService {
    @Get("/books/{id}")
    ApiResult<Book> getBookById(@Var("id") String id);
}    

这是一个最简单的查询接口,然后通过接口构建执行

BookHttpService bookHttpService = EasyHttp.builder()
                   .url("127.0.0.1:8888")
                   .build(BookHttpService.class);
ApiResult<Book> bookRet = bookHttpService.getBookById("166895");
System.out.println(bookRet.getData().getName());

像类似@GET的请求方法注解还有@Post、@Put、@Delete。

4.方法参数注解

基础类型定义:基本数据类型+ 包装类型 + void + Void +String + Number + Number实现类

  • @var

    路径变量注解,用于替换路径上的变量,路径变量只能是基础类型参数。

    @Get("/books/{id}")
    ApiResult<Book> getBookById(@Var("id") String id);
    @Get("/books?author={author}")
    ApiResult<Book> getBookById(@Var("author") String author);
  • @Param

    被注解的参数可以是基础类型、数组、列表、Map 和 JavaBean,注意:

    • 如果被注解的参数是基础类型,那么value查询参数的key。
    • 如没有指定value并且项目编译时设置了-parameters,则key会取被注解字段的名称,否则为arg1~n。
    • 当一个方法参数上没有任何注解时默认为@Param。
    • 当请求方式是GET时,@Param参数固定为查询参数(拼接url),否则默认为x-www-form-urlencoded(表单)
    @Get("/books")
    ApiResult<List<Book>> listBooksByAuthor1(@Param("author") String author);
    
    // 设置了-parameters
    @Get("/books")
    ApiResult<List<Book>> listBooksByAuthor2(@Param String author);
    
    @Get("/books")
    ApiResult<List<Book>> listBooksByAuthor(@Param Map<String, String> params);
    
    @Get("/books")
    ApiResult<List<Book>> listBooksByAuthor(Map<String, String> params);
    
    @Get("/books")
    ApiResult<List<Book>> listBooksByIds(@Param("ids") List<String> ids);
    
    @Post("/addBookUseForm")
    String test5(@Param Book book); // 请求体x-www-form-urlencoded
    
    @POST(value="/addBookUseForm", bodyType = RequestBodyType.NONE) // 指定无请求体,参数拼接到url上面
    String test5_1(@Param Book book); // 拼接url,如 /addBookUseForm?name=easyhttp&author=lcw
  • @Body

    包含请求体的内容。

    • 当被注解的参数类型是FormData, 则请求体为multipart/form-dataFormData可添加文本和文件。
    • 当被注解参数类型为BodyContent的实现类时,请求体为所有二进制文件。BodyContent默认已实现FileContentInputStreamContentStringContent
    • 否则被注解的参数会根据编码器处理放到请求体里, 如果被注解的参数是基础类型,则直接转化成字符传后放入请求体中。
@Post("/books")
void addBook(@Body Book book);

@Post("/addBookUseJSON")
String test6(@Body Book1 book1);

@Post("/addBookUseJSON")
String test6_1(@Body Map<String,Object> book);

@Post("/addBookUseJSON")
String test6_2(@Body String content);


@Post("/addBookUseFormData")
String test8(@Body FormData formData);
// form-data 的使用
FormData formData = new FormData();
formData.addText("author","吴承恩");
formData.addText("name","西游记");
formData.addText("lang","chinese");
formData.addFile("files", new File("C:\\Users\\dell\\Desktop\\logo.png"));
formData.addFile("files", new File("C:\\Users\\dell\\Desktop\\Dingtalk_20210317145859.jpg"));
formData.addFile("files", new File("C:\\Users\\dell\\Desktop\\jsd_pro_back.rar"));
paramService.test8(formData);

@Post("/upload/e-book/{id}")
String test9(@Var String id, @Body BodyContent bodyContent);
// 二进制文件的使用
paramService.test9("123", FileContent.of(new File("C:\\Users\\dell\\Desktop\\jsd_pro_back.rar")));
  • @Headers

    请求头注解,可用于接口、方法和方法参数上,当用于接口和方法需指定value, 格式key: value (冒号后面有和空格)

    @Headers({"clent: Easy-http"})
    @Post("/books")
    ApiResult<Void> addBook(@Body Book book,  @Headers Map<String, String> headers);
5. 自定义编码器

编码器: 将参数对象解析成http的相关请求参数

编写自定义编码器类CustomEncoder实现Encoder接口

public class CustomEncoder implements Encoder {
    /**
     * 将对象转化成Body(如果参数类型本身为基础类型,则直接转化成string),用于编码 @Body注解的对象(默认jackson编码)
     * @param object 待编码对象
     * @param bodyType 请求体对象类型
     * @return Body
     */
    @Override
    public Body encode(Object object, Type bodyType) {
        return null;
    }
}

在构建对象是加入CustomEncoder

BookHttpService bookHttpService = EasyHttp.builder()
                                            .url("127.0.0.1:8888")
                                            .encoder(new CustomEncoder())
                                            .build(BookHttpService.class);
6. 自定义解码器

将返回体解析成对象

编写自定义编码器类CustomDecoder实现Decoder接口

public class CustomDecoder implements Decoder {
    /**
     * 响应解码(默认实现jackson解码)
     * @param response 响应参数
     * @param type 返回值类型
     * @return Object
     */
    @Override
    public Object decode(HttpResponse response, Type type) {
        return null;
    }
}

在构建对象是加入CustomDecoder

BookHttpService bookHttpService = EasyHttp.builder()
                                        .url("127.0.0.1:8888")
                                        .encoder(new CustomEncoder())
                                        .decoder(new CustomDecoder())
                                        .build(BookHttpService.class);
7. 自定义拦截器

在请求发出前和请求响应后进行拦截

编写自定义编码器类ResultInterceptor实现HttpInterceptor接口,抽离data部分返回

public class ResultInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpRequest request) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpRequest request, HttpResponse response) {
         if (!response.isOk()) {
            throw new EasyHttpException("请求错误~");
        }
        if (response.getBody() == null) {
           return;
        }

        try {
            JavaType javaType = mapper.getTypeFactory().constructParametricType(ApiResult.class,
                    mapper.getTypeFactory().constructType(response.getReturnType()));
            ApiResult<Object> bizRet = mapper.readValue(response.getBody().asInputStream(), javaType);

            // 假设业务code:200 为操作成功
            if (bizRet.getCode() == 200) {
                if (bizRet.getData() != null) {
                    // 取data作为返回值
                    response.setReturnObject(bizRet.getData());
                    return;
                }
            }
            response.setReturnObject(null);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new EasyHttpException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int order() {
        return 4;
    }
    @Override
    public List<ExcludePath> excludes() {
        return Arrays.asList(ExcludePath.instance("/books/**", HttpMethod.DELETE, HttpMethod.POST));
    }
}

preHandle 请求前拦截,返回true则通过,反之则被拦截。postHandle 响应后拦截。order定义拦截器的顺序,值越小,越靠前。excludes定义需要排除使用拦截器的路径列表。这里ResultInterceptor对统一的返回作了处理。不仅判断了请求和业务是否成功,并且还统一包装了返回体,去掉了通过返回部分,具体根据业务定制。

在构建对象是加入拦截器列表

        BookHttpService bookHttpService = EasyHttp.builder()
                                                    .url("127.0.0.1:8888")
                                                    .encoder(new CustomEncoder())
                                                    .decoder(new CustomDecoder())
                                                    .withInterceptor(new ResultInterceptor())
                                                    .withInterceptor(new TimeInterceptor())
                                                    .build(BookHttpService.class);
8. 切换客户端
 EasyHttp.builder()
         .url("127.0.0.1:8888")
         .client(ApacheHttpClient.getInstance())
         .build(BookHttpService.class);
9. 异步请求

将方法的返回参数设为Future或者CompletableFuture , 就可以轻松实现异步。

// 接口方法
@Get("/books")
CompletableFuture<ApiResult<List<Book>>> foo();

// 执行异步请求
CompletableFuture<ApiResult<List<Book>>> foo = bookHttpService.foo();
foo.thenAccept(e->System.out.println(e.getData()))
   .thenRun(()->System.out.println("异步请求执行完毕"));
System.out.println("异步");
foo.join();

有关Java8CompletableFuture的更多操作,请前往 Java8 CompletableFuture

10. 重试

可以全局开启重试,也可以在请求方式注解上针对每一个请求设置重试。

触发规则:默认规则为当请求方式为GET并且HTTP状态码为5XX时或者当连接超时时,支持自定义触发规则 retryable(Integer retries, Integer interval, RetryTrigger retryTrigger), 实现RetryTrigger接口传入即可。

EasyHttp.builder()
        .url("127.0.0.1:8888")
        .client(DefaultURLClient.getInstance())
        .retryable(3,1000,new DefaultRule())
        .build(BookHttpService.class);
11. 文件下载

easyHttp支持直接返回HttpResponse类型,可以拿到响应字节流和响应头。

联系作者

如您有好的建议,或者有任何疑问,可联系我

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简介

easy-http:基于接口的http请求客户端,为简化开发、提高效率而生,并提供spring-boot-starter版本,自动扫描注入到Ioc。 展开 收起
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