# Python-week06

**Repository Path**: lin_shiying/python-week06

## Basic Information

- **Project Name**: Python-week06
- **Description**: No description available
- **Primary Language**: Unknown
- **License**: AFL-3.0
- **Default Branch**: master
- **Homepage**: None
- **GVP Project**: No

## Statistics

- **Stars**: 0
- **Forks**: 0
- **Created**: 2020-11-01
- **Last Updated**: 2020-12-19

## Categories & Tags

**Categories**: Uncategorized

**Tags**: None

## README

# Python-week06

## 一、字典和集合的用法总结  
#### 1.1字典  
字典是一种key-value的数据类型，又叫做键/值对。
字典的每个键值(key-value)对用冒号(:)分割，每个键值对之间用逗号(,)分割，整个字典包括在括号{}中，格式如下所示：  
dic = {key1 : value1, key2 : value2 }  
  
- 特性：字典是无序的，键一般是唯一的，如果重复最后的一个键值对会替换前面的，值不需要唯一。  
        值可以取任何数据类型，但键必须是不可变的，如字符串，数字或元组。  
  
#### 1.2字典的访问  
把相应的键放入括弧{}，如下所示:  
```  
dict = {'Name': 'Chrystal', 'Age': 26, 'Birthday': '1994.10.24'}  
```  
如果用字典里没有的键访问数据，会输出错误，例如：  
```  
dict = {'Name': 'Chrystal', 'Age': 26, 'Birthday': '1994.10.24'}  
print ("dict['Alice']: ", dict['Alice'])  
```  
输出结果为：  
```  
dict['Alice']: 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 5, in <module>
    print "dict['Alice']: ", dict['Alice']
KeyError: 'Alice'  
```  
  
#### 1.3字典的修改  
##### 1.3.1增加  
向字典添加新内容的方法是增加新的键/值对，修改或删除已有键/值对，示例如下：  
```  
dict = {'Name': 'Chrystal', 'Age': 26, 'Birthday': '1994.10.24'}  
dict['Hometown'] = "USA" # 添加  
print ("dict['Hometown']: ", dict['Hometown'])  
```  
```  
dict['Hometown']:  USA  
```  
  
##### 1.3.2删除  
可以只删单一的元素，也能直接清空字典，清空只需一项操作。  
删除一个元素用del命令，如下所示：  
```  
dict = {'Name': 'Chrystal', 'Age': 26, 'Birthday': '1994.10.24'}  
del dict['Name']  # 删除键是'Name'的条目  
dict  
```  
```  
{'Age': 26, 'Birthday': '1994.10.24'}  
```  
直接清空字典：  
```  
dict.clear()  
dict  
```  
```  
{}  
```  
  
#### 1.4字典内置函数&方法  
##### 1.4.1内置函数  
序号|函数及描述  
---|:--:|---:  
1|cmp(dict1, dict2),比较两个字典元素。  
2|len(dict),计算字典元素个数，即键的总数.  
3|str(dict),输出字典可打印的字符串表示。  
4|type(variable),返回输入的变量类型，如果变量是字典就返回字典类型。  

##### 1.4.2内置方法  
序号|函数及描述  
---|:--:|---:  
1|dict.clear(),删除字典内所有元素.  
2|dict.get(key, default=None),返回指定键的值，如果值不在字典中返回default值.  
3|dict.items(),以列表返回可遍历的(键, 值) 元组数组.  
4|pop(key[,default]),删除字典给定键 key 所对应的值，返回值为被删除的值。key值必须给出。 否则，返回default值。  
5|popitem(),返回并删除字典中的最后一对键和值。  
  
#### 1.5迭代处理字典  
```  
found = {}
found_list = ["a","b","c","d","e"]
found ["a"] =0
found ["b"] =0
found ["c"] =0
found ["d"] =0
found ["e"] =0
shuru = input("请输入一个字符串")
for i in shuru:
    print(i)
    if i in found_list:
        found.setdefault(i,0)
        #if i not in found:
            #found[i]=0
        found[i] +=1

for kv in found:
    print(kv,"in found",found[kv],"time(s)")  
```  
  
#### 1.6字典 in和not in  
```  
fruit= {}
fruit ["apples"] =10
if "bananas" in fruit:
    fruit["bananas"] += 1
else:
    fruit["bananas"] =0
    fruit["bananas"] += 1
print(fruit)  
```  
  
#### 2.1集合  
集合（set）是一个 **无序** 的不重复元素序列。集合中只有逗号，没有冒号。在创建集合时，重复的元素会自动合并。  
可以使用大括号 { } 或者 set() 函数创建集合。  
```  
a = {'a','e','i','o','u'}   
```  
或者  
```  
a = set("aeiou")  
```  
```  
a = set(["a","e","i","o","u"])  
```  
  
#### 2.2将集合化为有序列表( 利用sorted()和list() )  
```  
a = {'a','e','i','o','u'}  
b = sorted(list(a))  
a  
```  
  
#### 2.3union合并集合  
```  
a = {'a','e','i','o','u'}  
b = “hello”  
c = a.union(set(b))  
c  
```  
  
#### 2.4difference() 告诉不同元素  
```  
a = {'a','e','i','o','u'}  
b = “hello”  
c = a.difference(set(b))  
c  
```  
  
#### 2.5intersection() 报告共同对象  
```  
a = {'a','e','i','o','u'}  
b = “hello”  
c = a.intersection(set(b))  
c  
```  
  
## 二、代码练习  
#### 统计个字符个数  
```  
found = {
    "空格":0,
    "数字":0,
    "字母":0,
    "其他":0
}
shuru = input("请随机输入一个字符串")
for i in shuru:
    if i > 'a' and i < 'z' or i > 'A' and i < 'Z':
        found['字母'] += 1
    elif i in '0123456789':
        found['数字'] += 1
    elif i == ' ':
        found['空格'] += 1
    else:
        found['其他'] += 1

for kv in found:
    print(kv, "is found",found[kv],"time(s)")  
```  
  
#### 迭代处理(频度)  
```  
found = {}
found_list = ["a","b","c","d","e"]
found ["a"] =0
found ["b"] =0
found ["c"] =0
found ["d"] =0
found ["e"] =0
shuru = input("请输入一个字符串")
for i in shuru:
    print(i)
    if i in found_list:
        found.setdefault(i,0)
        #if i not in found:
            #found[i]=0
        found[i] +=1

for kv in found:
    print(kv,"in found",found[kv],"time(s)")  
```  
  
## 三、字典查询练习  
```  
results = [
  {
    "faceId1": "74539247-ceb0-4d09-b503-c1eef4ccedc7",
    "faceRectangle": {
      "top": 169,
      "left": 553,
      "width": 195,
      "height": 195
    },
    "faceAttributes": { "complexion": "black",
      "hair": {
        "bald": 0.81,
        #"invisible": false,
        "hairColor": [ {
            "color": "No hair",

          } ]
      },
      "smile": 1.0,
      "headPose": {
        "pitch": 0.3,
        "roll": -4.6,
        "yaw": -6.7
      },
      "gender": "male",
      "age": 26.0,
      "facialHair": {
        "moustache": 0.4,
        "beard": 0.1,
        "sideburns": 0.1
      },
      "glasses": "NoGlasses",
      "makeup": {
        #"eyeMakeup": false,
        #"lipMakeup": true
      },
      "emotion": {
        "anger": 0.0,
        "contempt": 0.0,
        "disgust": 0.0,
        "fear": 0.0,
        "happiness": 1.0,
        "neutral": 0.0,
        "sadness": 0.0,
        "surprise": 0.0
      },
      "occlusion": {
        #"foreheadOccluded": false,
        #"eyeOccluded": false,
        #"mouthOccluded": false
      },
      "accessories": [],
      "blur": {
        "blurLevel": "low",
        "value": 0.0
      },
      "exposure": {
        "exposureLevel": "goodExposure",
        "value": 0.66
      },
      "noise": {
        "noiseLevel": "low",
        "value": 0.0
      }
    },
    "faceLandmarks": {
      "pupilLeft": {
        "x": 603.2,
        "y": 229.9
      },
      "pupilRight": {
        "x": 691.9,
        "y": 220.2
      },
      "noseTip": {
        "x": 650.9,
        "y": 270.9
      },
      "mouthLeft": {
        "x": 609.0,
        "y": 313.0
      },
      "mouthRight": {
        "x": 697.2,
        "y": 308.5
      },
      "eyebrowLeftOuter": {
        "x": 570.1,
        "y": 210.9
      },
      "eyebrowLeftInner": {
        "x": 618.5,
        "y": 202.3
      },
      "eyeLeftOuter": {
        "x": 588.8,
        "y": 233.3
      },
      "eyeLeftTop": {
        "x": 603.1,
        "y": 224.7
      },
      "eyeLeftBottom": {
        "x": 603.7,
        "y": 236.3
      },
      "eyeLeftInner": {
        "x": 618.5,
        "y": 231.2
      },
      "eyebrowRightInner": {
        "x": 669.4,
        "y": 197.5
      },
      "eyebrowRightOuter": {
        "x": 723.1,
        "y": 196.5
      },
      "eyeRightInner": {
        "x": 678.9,
        "y": 225.9
      },
      "eyeRightTop": {
        "x": 691.0,
        "y": 215.8
      },
      "eyeRightBottom": {
        "x": 694.7,
        "y": 227.7
      },
      "eyeRightOuter": {
        "x": 708.0,
        "y": 220.4
      },
      "noseRootLeft": {
        "x": 635.4,
        "y": 231.4
      },
      "noseRootRight": {
        "x": 659.7,
        "y": 229.0
      },
      "noseLeftAlarTop": {
        "x": 628.8,
        "y": 257.6
      },
      "noseRightAlarTop": {
        "x": 672.4,
        "y": 254.0
      },
      "noseLeftAlarOutTip": {
        "x": 616.3,
        "y": 276.0
      },
      "noseRightAlarOutTip": {
        "x": 684.8,
        "y": 269.5
      },
      "upperLipTop": {
        "x": 652.7,
        "y": 298.2
      },
      "upperLipBottom": {
        "x": 654.3,
        "y": 308.4
      },
      "underLipTop": {
        "x": 656.9,
        "y": 328.1
      },
      "underLipBottom": {
        "x": 657.9,
        "y": 339.6
      }
    }
  },
  {
    "faceId2": "c8c2e4b7-9e3e-408f-a24b-1a7983ea2ffb",
    "faceRectangle": {
      "top": 189,
      "left": 172,
      "width": 183,
      "height": 183
    },
    "faceAttributes": {  "complexion": "black",
      "hair": {
        "bald": 0.31,
        #"invisible": false,
        "hairColor": [
          {
            "color": "brown",
            "confidence": 0.99
          },
          {
            "color": "black",
            "confidence": 0.8
          },
          {
            "color": "red",
            "confidence": 0.35
          },
          {
            "color": "blond",
            "confidence": 0.16
          },
          {
            "color": "other",
            "confidence": 0.11
          },
          {
            "color": "gray",
            "confidence": 0.1
          },
          {
            "color": "white",
            "confidence": 0.0
          }
        ]
      },
      "smile": 1.0,
      "headPose": {
        "pitch": -3.7,
        "roll": 8.0,
        "yaw": 10.9
      },
      "gender": "female",
      "age": 32.0,
      "facialHair": {
        "moustache": 0.0,
        "beard": 0.0,
        "sideburns": 0.0
      },
      "glasses": "NoGlasses",
      "makeup": {
        #"eyeMakeup": true,
        #"lipMakeup": true
      },
      "emotion": {
        "anger": 0.0,
        "contempt": 0.0,
        "disgust": 0.0,
        "fear": 0.0,
        "happiness": 1.0,
        "neutral": 0.0,
        "sadness": 0.0,
        "surprise": 0.0
      },
      "occlusion": {
        #"foreheadOccluded": false,
        #"eyeOccluded": false,
        #"mouthOccluded": false
      },
      "accessories": [],
      "blur": {
        "blurLevel": "low",
        "value": 0.0
      },
      "exposure": {
        "exposureLevel": "goodExposure",
        "value": 0.65
      },
      "noise": {
        "noiseLevel": "low",
        "value": 0.0
      }
    },
    "faceLandmarks": {
      "pupilLeft": {
        "x": 222.8,
        "y": 237.0
      },
      "pupilRight": {
        "x": 308.8,
        "y": 248.0
      },
      "noseTip": {
        "x": 267.3,
        "y": 292.1
      },
      "mouthLeft": {
        "x": 213.6,
        "y": 314.4
      },
      "mouthRight": {
        "x": 304.3,
        "y": 322.3
      },
      "eyebrowLeftOuter": {
        "x": 192.2,
        "y": 213.5
      },
      "eyebrowLeftInner": {
        "x": 253.0,
        "y": 214.4
      },
      "eyeLeftOuter": {
        "x": 209.0,
        "y": 235.6
      },
      "eyeLeftTop": {
        "x": 224.3,
        "y": 232.9
      },
      "eyeLeftBottom": {
        "x": 222.5,
        "y": 241.6
      },
      "eyeLeftInner": {
        "x": 238.8,
        "y": 242.0
      },
      "eyebrowRightInner": {
        "x": 297.7,
        "y": 219.3
      },
      "eyebrowRightOuter": {
        "x": 343.8,
        "y": 229.0
      },
      "eyeRightInner": {
        "x": 296.9,
        "y": 249.7
      },
      "eyeRightTop": {
        "x": 310.7,
        "y": 244.6
      },
      "eyeRightBottom": {
        "x": 309.9,
        "y": 253.2
      },
      "eyeRightOuter": {
        "x": 325.0,
        "y": 250.4
      },
      "noseRootLeft": {
        "x": 260.1,
        "y": 245.5
      },
      "noseRootRight": {
        "x": 279.6,
        "y": 248.9
      },
      "noseLeftAlarTop": {
        "x": 245.3,
        "y": 271.1
      },
      "noseRightAlarTop": {
        "x": 287.2,
        "y": 277.6
      },
      "noseLeftAlarOutTip": {
        "x": 229.8,
        "y": 284.8
      },
      "noseRightAlarOutTip": {
        "x": 297.6,
        "y": 293.3
      },
      "upperLipTop": {
        "x": 264.2,
        "y": 311.8
      },
      "upperLipBottom": {
        "x": 264.2,
        "y": 320.2
      },
      "underLipTop": {
        "x": 259.5,
        "y": 340.5
      },
      "underLipBottom": {
        "x": 259.0,
        "y": 353.0
      }
    }
  },
  {
    "faceId3": "4e720115-c138-43f5-b772-958e3e6bf55c",
    "faceRectangle": {
      "top": 347,
      "left": 410,
      "width": 137,
      "height": 137
    },
    "faceAttributes": { "complexion": "black",
      "hair": {
        "bald": 0.11,
        #"invisible": false,
        "hairColor": [
          {
            "color": "brown",
            "confidence": 0.92
          },
          {
            "color": "blond",
            "confidence": 0.87
          },
          {
            "color": "black",
            "confidence": 0.36
          },
          {
            "color": "gray",
            "confidence": 0.25
          },
          {
            "color": "red",
            "confidence": 0.24
          },
          {
            "color": "other",
            "confidence": 0.18
          },
          {
            "color": "white",
            "confidence": 0.0
          }
        ]
      },
      "smile": 0.0,
      "headPose": {
        "pitch": 2.5,
        "roll": -0.3,
        "yaw": -8.9
      },
      "gender": "male",
      "age": 1.0,
      "facialHair": {
        "moustache": 0.0,
        "beard": 0.0,
        "sideburns": 0.0
      },
      "glasses": "NoGlasses",
      "makeup": {
        #"eyeMakeup": false,
        #"lipMakeup": false
      },
      "emotion": {
        "anger": 0.0,
        "contempt": 0.0,
        "disgust": 0.0,
        "fear": 0.0,
        "happiness": 0.0,
        "neutral": 0.247,
        "sadness": 0.0,
        "surprise": 0.752
      },
      "occlusion": {
        #"foreheadOccluded": false,
        #"eyeOccluded": false,
        #"mouthOccluded": false
      },
      "accessories": [],
      "blur": {
        "blurLevel": "low",
        "value": 0.0
      },
      "exposure": {
        "exposureLevel": "goodExposure",
        "value": 0.72
      },
      "noise": {
        "noiseLevel": "low",
        "value": 0.0
      }
    },
    "faceLandmarks": {
      "pupilLeft": {
        "x": 449.9,
        "y": 384.5
      },
      "pupilRight": {
        "x": 511.2,
        "y": 386.9
      },
      "noseTip": {
        "x": 477.7,
        "y": 408.8
      },
      "mouthLeft": {
        "x": 454.0,
        "y": 453.8
      },
      "mouthRight": {
        "x": 501.5,
        "y": 451.1
      },
      "eyebrowLeftOuter": {
        "x": 425.7,
        "y": 374.7
      },
      "eyebrowLeftInner": {
        "x": 462.5,
        "y": 371.9
      },
      "eyeLeftOuter": {
        "x": 439.0,
        "y": 386.4
      },
      "eyeLeftTop": {
        "x": 447.3,
        "y": 380.6
      },
      "eyeLeftBottom": {
        "x": 447.7,
        "y": 389.5
      },
      "eyeLeftInner": {
        "x": 457.6,
        "y": 386.4
      },
      "eyebrowRightInner": {
        "x": 497.1,
        "y": 372.8
      },
      "eyebrowRightOuter": {
        "x": 531.6,
        "y": 377.0
      },
      "eyeRightInner": {
        "x": 500.6,
        "y": 389.5
      },
      "eyeRightTop": {
        "x": 511.7,
        "y": 382.7
      },
      "eyeRightBottom": {
        "x": 511.7,
        "y": 393.7
      },
      "eyeRightOuter": {
        "x": 522.5,
        "y": 389.8
      },
      "noseRootLeft": {
        "x": 471.6,
        "y": 387.1
      },
      "noseRootRight": {
        "x": 485.6,
        "y": 388.2
      },
      "noseLeftAlarTop": {
        "x": 465.7,
        "y": 406.8
      },
      "noseRightAlarTop": {
        "x": 489.2,
        "y": 408.0
      },
      "noseLeftAlarOutTip": {
        "x": 460.3,
        "y": 418.4
      },
      "noseRightAlarOutTip": {
        "x": 494.6,
        "y": 417.4
      },
      "upperLipTop": {
        "x": 477.0,
        "y": 434.7
      },
      "upperLipBottom": {
        "x": 477.2,
        "y": 441.6
      },
      "underLipTop": {
        "x": 476.8,
        "y": 456.4
      },
      "underLipBottom": {
        "x": 476.0,
        "y": 464.0
      }
    }
  }
]

# 创建字典，收集数据
dict1 = { "glasses": print("glasses:",results[0]["faceAttributes"]["glasses"]),
          "smile": print("smile:",results[0]["faceAttributes"]["smile"]),
          "age": print("age:",results[0]["faceAttributes"]["age"]),
          "gender": print("gender:",results[0]["faceAttributes"]["gender"]),
          "haircolor": print("haircolor:",results[0]["faceAttributes"]["hair"]["hairColor"][0]["color"]),
          "complexion": print("complexion:",results[0]["faceAttributes"]["complexion"])
          }

dict2 = {"glasses": print("glasses:",results[1]["faceAttributes"]["glasses"]),
         "smile": print("smile:",results[1]["faceAttributes"]["smile"]),
         "age": print("age:",results[1]["faceAttributes"]["age"]),
         "gender": print("gender:",results[1]["faceAttributes"]["gender"]),
         "haircolor": print("haircolor:",results[1]["faceAttributes"]["hair"]["hairColor"][0]["color"]),
         "complexion": print("complexion:",results[1]["faceAttributes"]["complexion"])
         }

dict3 = {"glasses": print("glasses:",results[2]["faceAttributes"]["glasses"]),
         "smile": print("smile:",results[2]["faceAttributes"]["smile"]),
         "age": print("age:",results[2]["faceAttributes"]["age"]),
         "gender": print("gender:",results[2]["faceAttributes"]["gender"]),
         "haircolor": print("haircolor:",results[2]["faceAttributes"]["hair"]["hairColor"][0]["color"]),
         "complexion": print("complexion:",results[2]["faceAttributes"]["complexion"])
         }  
```  
结果为  
```  
glasses: NoGlasses
smile: 1.0
age: 26.0
gender: male
haircolor: No hair
complexion: black  

glasses: NoGlasses
smile: 1.0
age: 32.0
gender: female
haircolor: brown
complexion: black  

glasses: NoGlasses
smile: 0.0
age: 1.0
gender: male
haircolor: brown
complexion: black  
```