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README
Apache-2.0

适用于spring-boot项目的反爬虫组件kk-anti-reptile

1. 概述

kk-anti-reptile是凯京科技研发的,适用于基于spring-boot开发的分布式系统的反爬虫组件。

2. 系统要求

  • 基于spring-boot开发(spring-boot1.x, spring-boot2.x均可)
  • 需要使用redis

3. 工作流程

kk-anti-reptile使用基于Servlet规范的的Filter对请求进行过滤,在其内部通过spring-boot的扩展点机制,实例化一个Filter,并注入到Spring容器FilterRegistrationBean中,通过Spring注入到Servlet容器中,从而实现对请求的过滤

在kk-anti-reptile的过滤Filter内部,又通过责任链模式,将各种不同的过滤规则织入,并提供抽象接口,可由调用方进行规则扩展

Filter调用则链进行请求过滤,如过滤不通过,则拦截请求,返回状态码509,并输出验证码输入页面,输出验证码正确后,调用过滤规则链对规则进行重置

目前规则链中有如下两个规则

ip-rule

ip-rule通过时间窗口统计当前时间窗口内请求数,小于规定的最大请求数则可通过,否则不通过。时间窗口、最大请求数、ip白名单等均可配置

ua-rule

ua-rule通过判断请求携带的User-Agent,得到操作系统、设备信息、浏览器信息等,可配置各种维度对请求进行过滤

4. 接入使用

后端接入非常简单,只需要引用kk-anti-reptile的maven依赖,并配置启用kk-anti-reptile即可
加入maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.keking.project</groupId>
    <artifactId>kk-anti-reptile</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

配置启用 kk-anti-reptile

anti.reptile.manager.enabled=true

前端需要在统一发送请求的ajax处加入拦截,拦截到请求返回状态码509后弹出一个新页面,并把响应内容转出到页面中,然后向页面中传入后端接口baseUrl参数即可,以使用axios请求为例:

import axios from 'axios';
import {baseUrl} from './config';

axios.interceptors.response.use(
  data => {
    return data;
  },
  error => {
    if (error.response.status === 509) {
      let html = error.response.data;
      let verifyWindow = window.open("","_blank","height=400,width=560");
      verifyWindow.document.write(html);
      verifyWindow.document.getElementById("baseUrl").value = baseUrl;
    }
  }
);

export default axios;

5. 注意

  1. apollo-client需启用bootstrap

使用apollo配置中心的用户,由于组件内部用到@ConditionalOnProperty,要在application.properties/bootstrap.properties中加入如下样例配置,(apollo-client需要0.10.0及以上版本)详见apollo bootstrap说明

apollo.bootstrap.enabled = true
  1. 需要有Redisson连接

如果项目中有用到Redisson,kk-anti-reptile会自动获取RedissonClient实例对象; 如果没用到,需要在配置文件加入如下Redisson连接相关配置

spring.redisson.address=redis://192.168.1.204:6379
spring.redisson.password=xxx

6. 配置一览表

在spring-boot中,所有配置在配置文件都会有自动提示和说明,如下图
配置自动提示及说明
所有配置都以anti.reptile.manager为前缀,如下为所有配置项及说明

NAME 描述 默认值 示例
enabled 是否启用反爬虫插件 true true
include-urls 需要反爬的接口列表,以'/'开头,以','分隔 /client,/user
ip-rule.enabled 是否启用IP Rule true true
ip-rule.expiration-time 时间窗口长度(ms) 5000 5000
ip-rule.request-max-size 单个时间窗口内,最大请求数 20 20
ip-rule.ignore-ip IP白名单,支持后缀'*'通配,以','分隔 192.168.*,127.0.0.1
ua-rule.enabled 是否启用User-Agent Rule true true
ua-rule.allowed-linux 是否允许Linux系统访问 false false
ua-rule.allowed-mobile 是否允许移动端设备访问 true true
ua-rule.allowed-pc 是否允许移PC设备访问 true true
ua-rule.allowed-iot 是否允许物联网设备访问 false false
ua-rule.allowed-proxy 是否允许代理访问 false false

7、命中规则后

命中爬虫和防盗刷规则后,会阻断请求,并生成接除阻断的验证码,验证码有多种组合方式,如果客户端可以正确输入验证码,则可以继续访问
输入图片说明

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可快速接入的反爬虫、接口防盗刷spring boot stater组件 expand collapse
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