# imgaug **Repository Path**: miracle111/imgaug ## Basic Information - **Project Name**: imgaug - **Description**: Image augmentation for machine learning experiments. - **Primary Language**: Unknown - **License**: MIT - **Default Branch**: master - **Homepage**: None - **GVP Project**: No ## Statistics - **Stars**: 0 - **Forks**: 0 - **Created**: 2020-05-30 - **Last Updated**: 2021-11-03 ## Categories & Tags **Categories**: Uncategorized **Tags**: None ## README # imgaug This python library helps you with augmenting images for your machine learning projects. It converts a set of input images into a new, much larger set of slightly altered images. [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/aleju/imgaug.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/aleju/imgaug) [![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/aleju/imgaug/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/aleju/imgaug) [![Codacy Badge](https://api.codacy.com/project/badge/Grade/1370ce38e99e40af842d47a8dd721444)](https://www.codacy.com/app/aleju/imgaug?utm_source=github.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=aleju/imgaug&utm_campaign=Badge_Grade)
  Image Heatmaps Seg. Maps Keypoints Bounding Boxes,
Polygons
Original Input input images input heatmaps input segmentation maps input keypoints input bounding boxes
Gauss. Noise
+ Contrast
+ Sharpen		 non geometric augmentations, applied to images non geometric augmentations, applied to heatmaps non geometric augmentations, applied to segmentation maps non geometric augmentations, applied to keypoints non geometric augmentations, applied to bounding boxes
Affine affine augmentations, applied to images affine augmentations, applied to heatmaps affine augmentations, applied to segmentation maps affine augmentations, applied to keypoints affine augmentations, applied to bounding boxes
Crop
+ Pad		 crop and pad augmentations, applied to images crop and pad augmentations, applied to heatmaps crop and pad augmentations, applied to segmentation maps crop and pad augmentations, applied to keypoints crop and pad augmentations, applied to bounding boxes
Fliplr
+ Perspective		 Horizontal flip and perspective transform augmentations, applied to images Horizontal flip and perspective transform augmentations, applied to heatmaps Horizontal flip and perspective transform augmentations, applied to segmentation maps Horizontal flip and perspective transform augmentations, applied to keypoints Horizontal flip and perspective transform augmentations, applied to bounding boxes
**More (strong) example augmentations of one input image:** ![64 quokkas](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aleju/imgaug-doc/master/readme_images/examples_grid.jpg?raw=true "64 quokkas") ## Table of Contents 1. [Features](#features) 2. [Installation](#installation) 3. [Documentation](#documentation) 4. [Recent Changes](#recent_changes) 5. [Example Images](#example_images) 6. [Code Examples](#code_examples) 7. [Citation](#citation) ## Features * Many augmentation techniques * E.g. affine transformations, perspective transformations, contrast changes, gaussian noise, dropout of regions, hue/saturation changes, cropping/padding, blurring, ... * Optimized for high performance * Easy to apply augmentations only to some images * Easy to apply augmentations in random order * Support for * Images (full support for uint8, for other dtypes see [documentation](https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/dtype_support.html)) * Heatmaps (float32), Segmentation Maps (int), Masks (bool) * May be smaller/larger than their corresponding images. *No* extra lines of code needed for e.g. crop. * Keypoints/Landmarks (int/float coordinates) * Bounding Boxes (int/float coordinates) * Polygons (int/float coordinates) * Line Strings (int/float coordinates) * Automatic alignment of sampled random values * Example: Rotate image and segmentation map on it by the same value sampled from `uniform(-10°, 45°)`. (0 extra lines of code.) * Probability distributions as parameters * Example: Rotate images by values sampled from `uniform(-10°, 45°)`. * Example: Rotate images by values sampled from `ABS(N(0, 20.0))*(1+B(1.0, 1.0))`", where `ABS(.)` is the absolute function, `N(.)` the gaussian distribution and `B(.)` the beta distribution. * Many helper functions * Example: Draw heatmaps, segmentation maps, keypoints, bounding boxes, ... * Example: Scale segmentation maps, average/max pool of images/maps, pad images to aspect ratios (e.g. to square them) * Example: Convert keypoints to distance maps, extract pixels within bounding boxes from images, clip polygon to the image plane, ... * Support for augmentation on multiple CPU cores ## Installation The library supports python 2.7 and 3.4+. ### Installation: Anaconda To install the library in anaconda, perform the following commands: ```bash conda config --add channels conda-forge conda install imgaug ``` You can deinstall the library again via `conda remove imgaug`. ### Installation: pip Then install imgaug either via pypi (can lag behind the github version): ```bash pip install imgaug ``` or install the latest version directly from github: ```bash pip install git+https://github.com/aleju/imgaug.git ``` For more details, see the [install guide](https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/installation.html) To deinstall the library, just execute `pip uninstall imgaug`. ## Documentation Example jupyter notebooks: * [Load and Augment an Image](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/A01%20-%20Load%20and%20Augment%20an%20Image.ipynb) * [Multicore Augmentation](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/A03%20-%20Multicore%20Augmentation.ipynb) * Augment and work with: [Keypoints/Landmarks](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/B01%20-%20Augment%20Keypoints.ipynb), [Bounding Boxes](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/B02%20-%20Augment%20Bounding%20Boxes.ipynb), [Polygons](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/B03%20-%20Augment%20Polygons.ipynb), [Line Strings](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/B06%20-%20Augment%20Line%20Strings.ipynb), [Heatmaps](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/B04%20-%20Augment%20Heatmaps.ipynb), [Segmentation Maps](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/B05%20-%20Augment%20Segmentation%20Maps.ipynb) More notebooks: [imgaug-doc/notebooks](https://github.com/aleju/imgaug-doc/tree/master/notebooks). Example ReadTheDocs pages: * [Quick example code on how to use the library](http://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/examples_basics.html) * [Overview of all Augmenters](https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/overview_of_augmenters.html) * [API](http://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/api.html) More RTD documentation: [imgaug.readthedocs.io](http://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/examples_basics.html). All documentation related files of this project are hosted in the repository [imgaug-doc](https://github.com/aleju/imgaug-doc). ## Recent Changes * **0.4.0**: Added new augmenters, changed backend to batchwise augmentation, support for numpy 1.18 and python 3.8. * **0.3.0**: Reworked segmentation map augmentation, adapted to numpy 1.17+ random number sampling API, several new augmenters. * **0.2.9**: Added polygon augmentation, added line string augmentation, simplified augmentation interface. * **0.2.8**: Improved performance, dtype support and multicore augmentation. See [changelogs/](changelogs/) for more details. ## Example Images The images below show examples for most augmentation techniques. Values written in the form `(a, b)` denote a uniform distribution, i.e. the value is randomly picked from the interval `[a, b]`. Line strings are supported by (almost) all augmenters, but are not explicitly visualized here.
meta
Identity ChannelShuffle      
Identity ChannelShuffle      
See also: Sequential, SomeOf, OneOf, Sometimes, WithChannels, Lambda, AssertLambda, AssertShape, RemoveCBAsByOutOfImageFraction, ClipCBAsToImagePlanes
arithmetic
Add Add
(per_channel=True)		 AdditiveGaussianNoise AdditiveGaussianNoise
(per_channel=True)		 Multiply
Add Add per_channel=True AdditiveGaussianNoise AdditiveGaussianNoise per_channel=True Multiply
Cutout Dropout CoarseDropout
(p=0.2)		 CoarseDropout
(p=0.2, per_channel=True)		 Dropout2d
Cutout Dropout CoarseDropout p=0.2 CoarseDropout p=0.2, per_channel=True Dropout2d
SaltAndPepper CoarseSaltAndPepper
(p=0.2)		 Invert Solarize JpegCompression
SaltAndPepper CoarseSaltAndPepper p=0.2 Invert Solarize JpegCompression
See also: AddElementwise, AdditiveLaplaceNoise, AdditivePoissonNoise, MultiplyElementwise, TotalDropout, ReplaceElementwise, ImpulseNoise, Salt, Pepper, CoarseSalt, CoarsePepper, Solarize
artistic
Cartoon        
Cartoon        
blend
BlendAlpha
with EdgeDetect(1.0)		 BlendAlphaSimplexNoise
with EdgeDetect(1.0)		 BlendAlphaFrequencyNoise
with EdgeDetect(1.0)		 BlendAlphaSomeColors
with RemoveSaturation(1.0)		 BlendAlphaRegularGrid
with Multiply((0.0, 0.5))
BlendAlpha with EdgeDetect1.0 BlendAlphaSimplexNoise with EdgeDetect1.0 BlendAlphaFrequencyNoise with EdgeDetect1.0 BlendAlphaSomeColors with RemoveSaturation1.0 BlendAlphaRegularGrid with Multiply0.0, 0.5
See also: BlendAlphaMask, BlendAlphaElementwise, BlendAlphaVerticalLinearGradient, BlendAlphaHorizontalLinearGradient, BlendAlphaSegMapClassIds, BlendAlphaBoundingBoxes, BlendAlphaCheckerboard, SomeColorsMaskGen, HorizontalLinearGradientMaskGen, VerticalLinearGradientMaskGen, RegularGridMaskGen, CheckerboardMaskGen, SegMapClassIdsMaskGen, BoundingBoxesMaskGen, InvertMaskGen
blur
GaussianBlur AverageBlur MedianBlur BilateralBlur
(sigma_color=250,
sigma_space=250)		 MotionBlur
(angle=0)
GaussianBlur AverageBlur MedianBlur BilateralBlur sigma_color=250, sigma_space=250 MotionBlur angle=0
MotionBlur
(k=5)		 MeanShiftBlur      
MotionBlur k=5 MeanShiftBlur      
collections
RandAugment        
RandAugment        
color
MultiplyAndAddToBrightness MultiplyHueAndSaturation MultiplyHue MultiplySaturation AddToHueAndSaturation
MultiplyAndAddToBrightness MultiplyHueAndSaturation MultiplyHue MultiplySaturation AddToHueAndSaturation
Grayscale RemoveSaturation ChangeColorTemperature KMeansColorQuantization
(to_colorspace=RGB)		 UniformColorQuantization
(to_colorspace=RGB)
Grayscale RemoveSaturation ChangeColorTemperature KMeansColorQuantization to_colorspace=RGB UniformColorQuantization to_colorspace=RGB
See also: WithColorspace, WithBrightnessChannels, MultiplyBrightness, AddToBrightness, WithHueAndSaturation, AddToHue, AddToSaturation, ChangeColorspace, Posterize
contrast
GammaContrast GammaContrast
(per_channel=True)		 SigmoidContrast
(cutoff=0.5)		 SigmoidContrast
(gain=10)		 LogContrast
GammaContrast GammaContrast per_channel=True SigmoidContrast cutoff=0.5 SigmoidContrast gain=10 LogContrast
LinearContrast AllChannels-
HistogramEqualization		 HistogramEqualization AllChannelsCLAHE CLAHE
LinearContrast AllChannels- HistogramEqualization HistogramEqualization AllChannelsCLAHE CLAHE
See also: Equalize
convolutional
Sharpen
(alpha=1)		 Emboss
(alpha=1)		 EdgeDetect DirectedEdgeDetect
(alpha=1)		  
Sharpen alpha=1 Emboss alpha=1 EdgeDetect DirectedEdgeDetect alpha=1  
See also: Convolve
debug
See also: SaveDebugImageEveryNBatches
edges
Canny        
Canny        
flip
Fliplr Flipud  
Fliplr Flipud  
See also: HorizontalFlip, VerticalFlip
geometric
Affine Affine: Modes  
Affine Affine: Modes  
Affine: cval PiecewiseAffine  
Affine: cval PiecewiseAffine  
PerspectiveTransform ElasticTransformation
(sigma=1.0)		  
PerspectiveTransform ElasticTransformation sigma=1.0  
ElasticTransformation
(sigma=4.0)		 Rot90  
ElasticTransformation sigma=4.0 Rot90  
WithPolarWarping
+Affine		 Jigsaw
(5x5 grid)		  
WithPolarWarping +Affine Jigsaw 5x5 grid  
See also: ScaleX, ScaleY, TranslateX, TranslateY, Rotate
imgcorruptlike
GlassBlur DefocusBlur ZoomBlur Snow Spatter
GlassBlur DefocusBlur ZoomBlur Snow Spatter
See also: GaussianNoise, ShotNoise, ImpulseNoise, SpeckleNoise, GaussianBlur, MotionBlur, Fog, Frost, Contrast, Brightness, Saturate, JpegCompression, Pixelate, ElasticTransform
pillike
Autocontrast EnhanceColor EnhanceSharpness FilterEdgeEnhanceMore FilterContour
Autocontrast EnhanceColor EnhanceSharpness FilterEdgeEnhanceMore FilterContour
See also: Solarize, Posterize, Equalize, EnhanceContrast, EnhanceBrightness, FilterBlur, FilterSmooth, FilterSmoothMore, FilterEdgeEnhance, FilterFindEdges, FilterEmboss, FilterSharpen, FilterDetail, Affine
pooling
AveragePooling MaxPooling MinPooling MedianPooling  
AveragePooling MaxPooling MinPooling MedianPooling  
segmentation
Superpixels
(p_replace=1)		 Superpixels
(n_segments=100)		 UniformVoronoi RegularGridVoronoi: rows/cols
(p_drop_points=0)		 RegularGridVoronoi: p_drop_points
(n_rows=n_cols=30)
Superpixels p_replace=1 Superpixels n_segments=100 UniformVoronoi RegularGridVoronoi: rows/cols p_drop_points=0 RegularGridVoronoi: p_drop_points n_rows=n_cols=30
RegularGridVoronoi: p_replace
(n_rows=n_cols=16)		        
RegularGridVoronoi: p_replace n_rows=n_cols=16        
See also: Voronoi, RelativeRegularGridVoronoi, RegularGridPointsSampler, RelativeRegularGridPointsSampler, DropoutPointsSampler, UniformPointsSampler, SubsamplingPointsSampler
size
CropAndPad Crop  
CropAndPad Crop  
Pad PadToFixedSize
(height'=height+32,
width'=width+32)		  
Pad PadToFixedSize height'=height+32, width'=width+32  
CropToFixedSize
(height'=height-32,
width'=width-32)		      
CropToFixedSize height'=height-32, width'=width-32      
See also: Resize, CropToMultiplesOf, PadToMultiplesOf, CropToPowersOf, PadToPowersOf, CropToAspectRatio, PadToAspectRatio, CropToSquare, PadToSquare, CenterCropToFixedSize, CenterPadToFixedSize, CenterCropToMultiplesOf, CenterPadToMultiplesOf, CenterCropToPowersOf, CenterPadToPowersOf, CenterCropToAspectRatio, CenterPadToAspectRatio, CenterCropToSquare, CenterPadToSquare, KeepSizeByResize
weather
FastSnowyLandscape
(lightness_multiplier=2.0)		 Clouds Fog Snowflakes Rain
FastSnowyLandscape lightness_multiplier=2.0 Clouds Fog Snowflakes Rain
See also: CloudLayer, SnowflakesLayer, RainLayer
## Code Examples ### Example: Simple Training Setting A standard machine learning situation. Train on batches of images and augment each batch via crop, horizontal flip ("Fliplr") and gaussian blur: ```python import numpy as np import imgaug.augmenters as iaa def load_batch(batch_idx): # dummy function, implement this # Return a numpy array of shape (N, height, width, #channels) # or a list of (height, width, #channels) arrays (may have different image # sizes). # Images should be in RGB for colorspace augmentations. # (cv2.imread() returns BGR!) # Images should usually be in uint8 with values from 0-255. return np.zeros((128, 32, 32, 3), dtype=np.uint8) + (batch_idx % 255) def train_on_images(images): # dummy function, implement this pass # Pipeline: # (1) Crop images from each side by 1-16px, do not resize the results # images back to the input size. Keep them at the cropped size. # (2) Horizontally flip 50% of the images. # (3) Blur images using a gaussian kernel with sigma between 0.0 and 3.0. seq = iaa.Sequential([ iaa.Crop(px=(1, 16), keep_size=False), iaa.Fliplr(0.5), iaa.GaussianBlur(sigma=(0, 3.0)) ]) for batch_idx in range(100): images = load_batch(batch_idx) images_aug = seq(images=images) # done by the library train_on_images(images_aug) ``` ### Example: Very Complex Augmentation Pipeline Apply a very heavy augmentation pipeline to images (used to create the image at the very top of this readme): ```python import numpy as np import imgaug as ia import imgaug.augmenters as iaa # random example images images = np.random.randint(0, 255, (16, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # Sometimes(0.5, ...) applies the given augmenter in 50% of all cases, # e.g. Sometimes(0.5, GaussianBlur(0.3)) would blur roughly every second image. sometimes = lambda aug: iaa.Sometimes(0.5, aug) # Define our sequence of augmentation steps that will be applied to every image # All augmenters with per_channel=0.5 will sample one value _per image_ # in 50% of all cases. In all other cases they will sample new values # _per channel_. seq = iaa.Sequential( [ # apply the following augmenters to most images iaa.Fliplr(0.5), # horizontally flip 50% of all images iaa.Flipud(0.2), # vertically flip 20% of all images # crop images by -5% to 10% of their height/width sometimes(iaa.CropAndPad( percent=(-0.05, 0.1), pad_mode=ia.ALL, pad_cval=(0, 255) )), sometimes(iaa.Affine( scale={"x": (0.8, 1.2), "y": (0.8, 1.2)}, # scale images to 80-120% of their size, individually per axis translate_percent={"x": (-0.2, 0.2), "y": (-0.2, 0.2)}, # translate by -20 to +20 percent (per axis) rotate=(-45, 45), # rotate by -45 to +45 degrees shear=(-16, 16), # shear by -16 to +16 degrees order=[0, 1], # use nearest neighbour or bilinear interpolation (fast) cval=(0, 255), # if mode is constant, use a cval between 0 and 255 mode=ia.ALL # use any of scikit-image's warping modes (see 2nd image from the top for examples) )), # execute 0 to 5 of the following (less important) augmenters per image # don't execute all of them, as that would often be way too strong iaa.SomeOf((0, 5), [ sometimes(iaa.Superpixels(p_replace=(0, 1.0), n_segments=(20, 200))), # convert images into their superpixel representation iaa.OneOf([ iaa.GaussianBlur((0, 3.0)), # blur images with a sigma between 0 and 3.0 iaa.AverageBlur(k=(2, 7)), # blur image using local means with kernel sizes between 2 and 7 iaa.MedianBlur(k=(3, 11)), # blur image using local medians with kernel sizes between 2 and 7 ]), iaa.Sharpen(alpha=(0, 1.0), lightness=(0.75, 1.5)), # sharpen images iaa.Emboss(alpha=(0, 1.0), strength=(0, 2.0)), # emboss images # search either for all edges or for directed edges, # blend the result with the original image using a blobby mask iaa.SimplexNoiseAlpha(iaa.OneOf([ iaa.EdgeDetect(alpha=(0.5, 1.0)), iaa.DirectedEdgeDetect(alpha=(0.5, 1.0), direction=(0.0, 1.0)), ])), iaa.AdditiveGaussianNoise(loc=0, scale=(0.0, 0.05*255), per_channel=0.5), # add gaussian noise to images iaa.OneOf([ iaa.Dropout((0.01, 0.1), per_channel=0.5), # randomly remove up to 10% of the pixels iaa.CoarseDropout((0.03, 0.15), size_percent=(0.02, 0.05), per_channel=0.2), ]), iaa.Invert(0.05, per_channel=True), # invert color channels iaa.Add((-10, 10), per_channel=0.5), # change brightness of images (by -10 to 10 of original value) iaa.AddToHueAndSaturation((-20, 20)), # change hue and saturation # either change the brightness of the whole image (sometimes # per channel) or change the brightness of subareas iaa.OneOf([ iaa.Multiply((0.5, 1.5), per_channel=0.5), iaa.FrequencyNoiseAlpha( exponent=(-4, 0), first=iaa.Multiply((0.5, 1.5), per_channel=True), second=iaa.LinearContrast((0.5, 2.0)) ) ]), iaa.LinearContrast((0.5, 2.0), per_channel=0.5), # improve or worsen the contrast iaa.Grayscale(alpha=(0.0, 1.0)), sometimes(iaa.ElasticTransformation(alpha=(0.5, 3.5), sigma=0.25)), # move pixels locally around (with random strengths) sometimes(iaa.PiecewiseAffine(scale=(0.01, 0.05))), # sometimes move parts of the image around sometimes(iaa.PerspectiveTransform(scale=(0.01, 0.1))) ], random_order=True ) ], random_order=True ) images_aug = seq(images=images) ``` ### Example: Augment Images and Keypoints Augment images and keypoints/landmarks on the same images: ```python import numpy as np import imgaug.augmenters as iaa images = np.zeros((2, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # two example images images[:, 64, 64, :] = 255 points = [ [(10.5, 20.5)], # points on first image [(50.5, 50.5), (60.5, 60.5), (70.5, 70.5)] # points on second image ] seq = iaa.Sequential([ iaa.AdditiveGaussianNoise(scale=0.05*255), iaa.Affine(translate_px={"x": (1, 5)}) ]) # augment keypoints and images images_aug, points_aug = seq(images=images, keypoints=points) print("Image 1 center", np.argmax(images_aug[0, 64, 64:64+6, 0])) print("Image 2 center", np.argmax(images_aug[1, 64, 64:64+6, 0])) print("Points 1", points_aug[0]) print("Points 2", points_aug[1]) ``` Note that all coordinates in `imgaug` are subpixel-accurate, which is why `x=0.5, y=0.5` denotes the center of the top left pixel. ### Example: Augment Images and Bounding Boxes ```python import numpy as np import imgaug as ia import imgaug.augmenters as iaa images = np.zeros((2, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # two example images images[:, 64, 64, :] = 255 bbs = [ [ia.BoundingBox(x1=10.5, y1=15.5, x2=30.5, y2=50.5)], [ia.BoundingBox(x1=10.5, y1=20.5, x2=50.5, y2=50.5), ia.BoundingBox(x1=40.5, y1=75.5, x2=70.5, y2=100.5)] ] seq = iaa.Sequential([ iaa.AdditiveGaussianNoise(scale=0.05*255), iaa.Affine(translate_px={"x": (1, 5)}) ]) images_aug, bbs_aug = seq(images=images, bounding_boxes=bbs) ``` ### Example: Augment Images and Polygons ```python import numpy as np import imgaug as ia import imgaug.augmenters as iaa images = np.zeros((2, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # two example images images[:, 64, 64, :] = 255 polygons = [ [ia.Polygon([(10.5, 10.5), (50.5, 10.5), (50.5, 50.5)])], [ia.Polygon([(0.0, 64.5), (64.5, 0.0), (128.0, 128.0), (64.5, 128.0)])] ] seq = iaa.Sequential([ iaa.AdditiveGaussianNoise(scale=0.05*255), iaa.Affine(translate_px={"x": (1, 5)}) ]) images_aug, polygons_aug = seq(images=images, polygons=polygons) ``` ### Example: Augment Images and LineStrings LineStrings are similar to polygons, but are not closed, may intersect with themselves and don't have an inner area. ```python import numpy as np import imgaug as ia import imgaug.augmenters as iaa images = np.zeros((2, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # two example images images[:, 64, 64, :] = 255 ls = [ [ia.LineString([(10.5, 10.5), (50.5, 10.5), (50.5, 50.5)])], [ia.LineString([(0.0, 64.5), (64.5, 0.0), (128.0, 128.0), (64.5, 128.0), (128.0, 0.0)])] ] seq = iaa.Sequential([ iaa.AdditiveGaussianNoise(scale=0.05*255), iaa.Affine(translate_px={"x": (1, 5)}) ]) images_aug, ls_aug = seq(images=images, line_strings=ls) ``` ### Example: Augment Images and Heatmaps Heatmaps are dense float arrays with values between `0.0` and `1.0`. They can be used e.g. when training models to predict facial landmark locations. Note that the heatmaps here have lower height and width than the images. `imgaug` handles that case automatically. The crop pixel amounts will be halved for the heatmaps. ```python import numpy as np import imgaug.augmenters as iaa # Standard scenario: You have N RGB-images and additionally 21 heatmaps per # image. You want to augment each image and its heatmaps identically. images = np.random.randint(0, 255, (16, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) heatmaps = np.random.random(size=(16, 64, 64, 1)).astype(np.float32) seq = iaa.Sequential([ iaa.GaussianBlur((0, 3.0)), iaa.Affine(translate_px={"x": (-40, 40)}), iaa.Crop(px=(0, 10)) ]) images_aug, heatmaps_aug = seq(images=images, heatmaps=heatmaps) ``` ### Example: Augment Images and Segmentation Maps This is similar to heatmaps, but the dense arrays have dtype `int32`. Operations such as resizing will automatically use nearest neighbour interpolation. ```python import numpy as np import imgaug.augmenters as iaa # Standard scenario: You have N=16 RGB-images and additionally one segmentation # map per image. You want to augment each image and its heatmaps identically. images = np.random.randint(0, 255, (16, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) segmaps = np.random.randint(0, 10, size=(16, 64, 64, 1), dtype=np.int32) seq = iaa.Sequential([ iaa.GaussianBlur((0, 3.0)), iaa.Affine(translate_px={"x": (-40, 40)}), iaa.Crop(px=(0, 10)) ]) images_aug, segmaps_aug = seq(images=images, segmentation_maps=segmaps) ``` ### Example: Visualize Augmented Images Quickly show example results of your augmentation sequence: ```python import numpy as np import imgaug.augmenters as iaa images = np.random.randint(0, 255, (16, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) seq = iaa.Sequential([iaa.Fliplr(0.5), iaa.GaussianBlur((0, 3.0))]) # Show an image with 8*8 augmented versions of image 0 and 8*8 augmented # versions of image 1. Identical augmentations will be applied to # image 0 and 1. seq.show_grid([images[0], images[1]], cols=8, rows=8) ``` ### Example: Visualize Augmented Non-Image Data `imgaug` contains many helper function, among these functions to quickly visualize augmented non-image results, such as bounding boxes or heatmaps. ```python import numpy as np import imgaug as ia image = np.zeros((64, 64, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # points kps = [ia.Keypoint(x=10.5, y=20.5), ia.Keypoint(x=60.5, y=60.5)] kpsoi = ia.KeypointsOnImage(kps, shape=image.shape) image_with_kps = kpsoi.draw_on_image(image, size=7, color=(0, 0, 255)) ia.imshow(image_with_kps) # bbs bbsoi = ia.BoundingBoxesOnImage([ ia.BoundingBox(x1=10.5, y1=20.5, x2=50.5, y2=30.5) ], shape=image.shape) image_with_bbs = bbsoi.draw_on_image(image) image_with_bbs = ia.BoundingBox( x1=50.5, y1=10.5, x2=100.5, y2=16.5 ).draw_on_image(image_with_bbs, color=(255, 0, 0), size=3) ia.imshow(image_with_bbs) # polygons psoi = ia.PolygonsOnImage([ ia.Polygon([(10.5, 20.5), (50.5, 30.5), (10.5, 50.5)]) ], shape=image.shape) image_with_polys = psoi.draw_on_image( image, alpha_points=0, alpha_face=0.5, color_lines=(255, 0, 0)) ia.imshow(image_with_polys) # heatmaps hms = ia.HeatmapsOnImage(np.random.random(size=(32, 32, 1)).astype(np.float32), shape=image.shape) image_with_hms = hms.draw_on_image(image) ia.imshow(image_with_hms) ``` LineStrings and segmentation maps support similar methods as shown above. ### Example: Using Augmenters Only Once While the interface is adapted towards re-using instances of augmenters many times, you are also free to use them only once. The overhead to instantiate the augmenters each time is usually negligible. ```python from imgaug import augmenters as iaa import numpy as np images = np.random.randint(0, 255, (16, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # always horizontally flip each input image images_aug = iaa.Fliplr(1.0)(images=images) # vertically flip each input image with 90% probability images_aug = iaa.Flipud(0.9)(images=images) # blur 50% of all images using a gaussian kernel with a sigma of 3.0 images_aug = iaa.Sometimes(0.5, iaa.GaussianBlur(3.0))(images=images) ``` ### Example: Multicore Augmentation Images can be augmented in **background processes** using the method `augment_batches(batches, background=True)`, where `batches` is a list/generator of [imgaug.augmentables.batches.UnnormalizedBatch](https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_modules/imgaug/augmentables/batches.html#UnnormalizedBatch) or [imgaug.augmentables.batches.Batch](https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/api_augmentables_batches.html#imgaug.augmentables.batches.Batch). The following example augments a list of image batches in the background: ```python import skimage.data import imgaug as ia import imgaug.augmenters as iaa from imgaug.augmentables.batches import UnnormalizedBatch # Number of batches and batch size for this example nb_batches = 10 batch_size = 32 # Example augmentation sequence to run in the background augseq = iaa.Sequential([ iaa.Fliplr(0.5), iaa.CoarseDropout(p=0.1, size_percent=0.1) ]) # For simplicity, we use the same image here many times astronaut = skimage.data.astronaut() astronaut = ia.imresize_single_image(astronaut, (64, 64)) # Make batches out of the example image (here: 10 batches, each 32 times # the example image) batches = [] for _ in range(nb_batches): batches.append(UnnormalizedBatch(images=[astronaut] * batch_size)) # Show the augmented images. # Note that augment_batches() returns a generator. for images_aug in augseq.augment_batches(batches, background=True): ia.imshow(ia.draw_grid(images_aug.images_aug, cols=8)) ``` If you need more control over the background augmentation, e.g. to set seeds, control the number of used CPU cores or constraint the memory usage, see the corresponding [multicore augmentation notebook](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/aleju/imgaug-doc/blob/master/notebooks/A03%20-%20Multicore%20Augmentation.ipynb) or the API about [Augmenter.pool()](https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/api_augmenters_meta.html#imgaug.augmenters.meta.Augmenter.pool) and [imgaug.multicore.Pool](https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/api_multicore.html#imgaug.multicore.Pool). ### Example: Probability Distributions as Parameters Most augmenters support using tuples `(a, b)` as a shortcut to denote `uniform(a, b)` or lists `[a, b, c]` to denote a set of allowed values from which one will be picked randomly. If you require more complex probability distributions (e.g. gaussians, truncated gaussians or poisson distributions) you can use stochastic parameters from `imgaug.parameters`: ```python import numpy as np from imgaug import augmenters as iaa from imgaug import parameters as iap images = np.random.randint(0, 255, (16, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # Blur by a value sigma which is sampled from a uniform distribution # of range 10.1 <= x < 13.0. # The convenience shortcut for this is: GaussianBlur((10.1, 13.0)) blurer = iaa.GaussianBlur(10 + iap.Uniform(0.1, 3.0)) images_aug = blurer(images=images) # Blur by a value sigma which is sampled from a gaussian distribution # N(1.0, 0.1), i.e. sample a value that is usually around 1.0. # Clip the resulting value so that it never gets below 0.1 or above 3.0. blurer = iaa.GaussianBlur(iap.Clip(iap.Normal(1.0, 0.1), 0.1, 3.0)) images_aug = blurer(images=images) ``` There are many more probability distributions in the library, e.g. truncated gaussian distribution, poisson distribution or beta distribution. ### Example: WithChannels Apply an augmenter only to specific image channels: ```python import numpy as np import imgaug.augmenters as iaa # fake RGB images images = np.random.randint(0, 255, (16, 128, 128, 3), dtype=np.uint8) # add a random value from the range (-30, 30) to the first two channels of # input images (e.g. to the R and G channels) aug = iaa.WithChannels( channels=[0, 1], children=iaa.Add((-30, 30)) ) images_aug = aug(images=images) ``` ## Citation If this library has helped you during your research, feel free to cite it: ```latex @misc{imgaug, author = {Jung, Alexander B. and Wada, Kentaro and Crall, Jon and Tanaka, Satoshi and Graving, Jake and Reinders, Christoph and Yadav, Sarthak and Banerjee, Joy and Vecsei, Gábor and Kraft, Adam and Rui, Zheng and Borovec, Jirka and Vallentin, Christian and Zhydenko, Semen and Pfeiffer, Kilian and Cook, Ben and Fernández, Ismael and De Rainville, François-Michel and Weng, Chi-Hung and Ayala-Acevedo, Abner and Meudec, Raphael and Laporte, Matias and others}, title = {{imgaug}}, howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/aleju/imgaug}}, year = {2020}, note = {Online; accessed 01-Feb-2020} } ```