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README
MIT

Gox

Gox语言的中文简介可以从这篇文章开始看起,或者这里看更多的开发指南。

gox

Notice: from version 0.986a, Goxlang removed some script-engine support for smaller size. Only Qlang-engine is kept. And from version 0.998a, Sciter is recommended for cross-platform GUI programming in Gox. Although it requires a dynamic library file, but it's worthy. From 1.29a, Fyne is used as default OpenGL based GUI library instead of Giu. From 1.56a, LCL library support is removed. From 1.60a, Go Modules is supported and GOPATH is deprecated.

Gox (or Goxlang) is a free, open-source script language or a interpreter written by Golang. It's based on Qlang, with some improvement. The syntax of Gox language is very similar to Golang.

Golang is not required to be installed. Gox is only in one executable file, green and fast.

And thanks to Sciter and Go-Sciter, which enables Gox to provide a modern GUI programming ability, and it's cross-platform, native, no dependencies and convenient, only an additional library will needed. Even more, Gox has an code editor embedded, so the external text editor may not be required for small piece of code. Note: this GUI library file is packed within the zip file in Windows release, for Linux/Mac, please see the instructions in Sciter website.

Gox supports password-protect your source code file, it's also a major difference from most script/interpretive language.

1. Installation

Download the latest Gox executable file from the official website(recommended) or Github or Gitee (due to the speed issue, official website and Gitee are recommended). Then put it into a directory in the system path. If you download the zip file, extract it first.

A command-line only version of gox (named goxc, no GUI features) is also available. This version will be more fast, and of course smaller in file size.

Since the more features added makes the Gox executable became very large, the Tiny Gox Version is now available to download(not updated frequently). Some features are removed from Gox tiny version, such as OpenGL GUI, drawing, NoSQL, some database drivers(Oracle, MS-SQL), etc.

Goxg version is used to run GUI only programs, it will not open a CMD console.

2.usage

Check the version.

gox -version

Show help.

gox -h

Run a script file.

gox test.gox

Start the interpreter in REPL mode.

gox

the REPL runs like this,

> a=1                      
1                          
> b=2.3                    
2.3                        
> a+b                      
3.3                        
> printfln("a: %v", a)     
a: 1                       
<nil>                      
> exit()                   
exit status 1              

use "quit()" or "exit()" function to exit.

Select script file to run in REPL mode

run()

Just call run() function in REPL, a file selection dialog will popup.

Run example script from Gitee directly

gox -example basic.gox

Gox will download the example script directly from Github and run it.

View/Save example script from Gitee

gox -example -view basic

the basic.gox (the suffix could be omitted) script will be printed to standard output. Use redirect to save the script, i.e.

gox -example -view basic > d:\scripts\a.gox

Run online script directly

gox -remote https://raw.githubusercontent.com/topxeq/gox/master/scripts/basica.gox

Gox will try to download the script first and then run it.

Run with a magic number(acquired from somewhere)

gox 18

Gox will try to download the script associated with the magic number and then run it.

MNS(Magic-Number-Script) can also be executed in the shell mode, i.e.

gox >magic(18)

Run script from clipboard

gox -clip

Gox will try to get the text content from system clipboard and run it as a script

Encrypt source code file

gox -encrypt=mycode basic.gox

An encrypted file with an additional "e" of the file name(i.e. basic.goxe) will be created in the same directory of the original source code file. "mycode" is the password to encrypt the file, and of course remember this code to decrypt it back.

Decrypt/restore encrypted source code file

gox -decrypt=mycode basic.goxe

An decrypted file with an additional "d" of the file name(i.e. basic.goxed) will be created in the same directory of the original encrypted source code file. Manually rename the file to "basic.gox" if necessary.

Running an encrypted script directly

gox -decrun=mycode basic.goxe

or

gox -decrun=mycode -example basic.goxe

Init GUI programming environment

gox -initgui

Download Sciter and LCL dll files in the same folder with Gox application path, now only in Windows platform.

Open a simple editor to edit Gox code

gox -edit

Open a simple editor to edit specific Gox code file

gox -edit d:\tmp\basic.gox

the screenshot of Gox editor is as below,

Gox Editor

Although Gox provides a simple code editor, the editors with more powerful functions are recommended, such as Visual Studio Code. Currently, you can set the .gox files the same syntax highlight scheme as Golang files.

Batch run

First create a file(better named with .gxb suffix), content as below for example:

basic.gox
d:\scripts\next.gox -inputvalue=1 -verbose
18

Each line in Gox batch file could be considered as a common Gox command line but the first paramter(Gox executable path) is omitted.

There are 3 ways to inform Gox to know it's a batch file to run:

  • run with -batch switch

    gox -batch batchFile.txt

  • use the proper file extension(.gxb)

    gox batchFile.gxb

  • add // gxb to the batch file as first line

     // gxb
     basic.gox
     d:\scripts\next.gox -inputvalue=1 -verbose
     18

3. User/developer guide

File encoding

All the script file is better in UTF-8 encoding, and its line-endings are better to use "\n" or "\r\n".

Stop/Terminate the script

Using exit(), os.Exit(1) or return in the script is valid. In interactive mode, quit() is valid, too.

command-line parameters and swithes

The global value "argsG" could be used for retrieve command-line arguments, and the first element(the Gox executable) is removed. If you need the whole command-line, use os.Args instead.

All the command-line switches/flags used by Gox itself are not recommended to be used in the scripts.

An example for command-line handling is as below(source code),

// test command-line functions
// for example: gox scripts\commandLine.ank abc -file=a.txt

println("The whole command-line: ", os.Args)
println("The whole command-line without executable: ", argsG)

lenT = len(argsG)

if lenT > 0 {
    printfln("The first command-line element is: %v", argsG[0])
}

if lenT > 1 {
    printfln("The sencod command-line element is: %v", argsG[1])
}

para1 = tk.GetParameterByIndexWithDefaultValue(argsG, 1, "")
pfl("para1=%v", para1)

para2 = tk.GetParameterByIndexWithDefaultValue(argsG, 2, "")
pfl("para2=%v", para2)

switch1 = tk.GetSwitchWithDefaultValue(argsG, "-file=", "")

pl("switch1:", switch1)

paras = tk.GetAllParameters(argsG)

pl("All parameters:", paras)

switches = tk.GetAllSwitches(argsG)

pl("All switches:", switches)

pl(tk.IfSwitchExistsWhole(argsG, "-file"))
pl(tk.IfSwitchExists(argsG, "-file"))

the output for this script should be something like,

> gox scripts\commandLine.gox abc -file=a.txt
The whole command-line:  [gox scripts\commandLine.gox abc -file=a.txt]
The whole command-line without executable:  [scripts\commandLine.gox abc -file=a.txt]
The first command-line element is: scripts\commandLine.gox
The sencod command-line element is: abc
para1=abc
para2=
switch1: a.txt
All parameters: [scripts\commandLine.gox abc]
All switches: [-file=a.txt]
false
true

Import packages

In Gox with Qlang engine, most of the standard Golang packages are supported and will be imported by default, just use them directly.

fmt.Println("abc")

fmt.Printf("%v\n", os.Args)

Along with most of the core Golang libraries, the "tk" package(here) is often used. The "tk" package provides many useful functions. See example scripts for more. And refer to the docs here.

Refer to the documents of these Golang packages for the detailed usage.

4. More Topics and Sample Scripts

Basic Gox script:


// do simple add operation
x = 1.2
y = x + 1

println(x+y)

Basic script with GUI

A simple calculator with GUI(OPENGL is required).

text1 = new(string)

onButton1Click = func() {
	// evaluate the expression in the text input
	rs = eval(*text1)

	println(rs)

	// set the result back into the text input
	setValue(text1, rs)
}

// close the window, also terminate the application
onButton2Click = func() {
	os.Exit(1)
}

// main window loop
loop = func() {

	// set the layout of GUI
	layoutT := []gui.Widget{
		gui.Label("Enter an expression."),
		gui.InputText("", 0, text1),

		// widgets in line layout is aligned left to right
		gui.Line(gui.Button("Calculate", onButton1Click),
			gui.Button("Close", onButton2Click)),
	}

	gui.SingleWindow("Calculator", layoutT)
}

// text1 used to hold the string value of the text input
// notice: text1 is a pointer
// setup the title, size (width and height, 400*200), style and font-loading function of main window,
mainWindow := gui.NewMasterWindow("Calculator", 400, 200, gui.MasterWindowFlagsNotResizable, nil)

// show the window and start the message loop
gui.LoopWindow(mainWindow, loop)

The screen shot while running the script is like,

Calculator

Basic script with GUI by LCL library

The script below acts almost the same as the script above, but written with LCL library support, and OPENGL is not required, so it's more compatible in the server-side environment.

errT = lcl.InitLCL()

if errT != nil {
	tk.Plerr(errT)
	return
}

application = lcl.GetApplication()

application.Initialize()

application.SetTitle("Calculator with LCL")
application.SetMainFormOnTaskBar(true)

mainForm = application.CreateForm()

mainForm.SetWidth(400)
mainForm.SetHeight(200)
mainForm.SetCaption("Calculator with LCL")
mainForm.SetPosition(lcl.PoScreenCenter)

mainForm.Font().SetSize(11)

onFromDestory = fn(sender) {
	println("Form Destroyed.")
}

mainForm.SetOnDestroy(lcl.NewTNotifyEvent(onFromDestory))

label1 = lcl.NewLabel(mainForm)
label1.SetParent(mainForm)
label1.SetLeft(10)
label1.SetTop(10)
label1.Font().SetName("Arial")
label1.Font().SetSize(18)

label1.SetCaption("Enter an expression")

onEdit1KeyUp = fn(sender, key, shift) {
	println("onEdit1KeyUp:", sender, *key, shift)
}

edit1 = lcl.NewEdit(mainForm)
edit1.SetParent(mainForm)
edit1.SetBounds(10, 48, 200, 32)
edit1.Font().SetSize(11)
edit1.SetOnKeyUp(lcl.NewTKeyEvent(onEdit1KeyUp))

onClick1 = fn(objA) {
	rs = edit1.Text()
	edit1.SetText(eval(rs))
}

f1 = lcl.NewTNotifyEvent(onClick1)

button1 = lcl.NewButton(mainForm)
button1.SetParent(mainForm)
button1.SetLeft(20)
button1.SetTop(90)
button1.SetCaption("Go")
button1.SetOnClick(f1)

onClick2 = fn(sender) {
	application.Terminate()
}

button2 = lcl.NewButton(mainForm)
button2.SetParent(mainForm)
button2.SetLeft(110)
button2.SetTop(90)
button2.SetCaption("Close")
button2.SetOnClick(lcl.NewTNotifyEvent(onClick2))


application.Run()


The screen shot while running the script is like,

Calculator

5. More Examples

Browse the example scripts here

6. Language

Difference between Gox and Golang

  • Gox is a dynamic-type language, so one of the major difference is no data-type declaration necessary in Gox.
a = 10

a = "this"

f = fn(p1, p2) {

}

It's very similar for function parameters and return values.

7. Library Reference

First, since Gox is based on Qlang and written by Golang, most of the core libraries of Golang will be available. So try to use the modules from Golang(but Golang installation is not required), and refer to the Golang documents(here, here or here). In addition, you can browse Qlang's, Govcl's and Giu's documents.

Most of the standard Golang packages are available include: bytes, encoding/json, errors, flag, fmt, image, image/color, image/draw, image/jpg, image/png, io, io.ioutil, log, math, math/big, math/rand, net, net/http, net/http/cookiejar, net/url, os, os/exec, os/signal, path, path/filepath, regexp, runtime, sort, strconv, strings, sync, time.

Library tk (github.com/topxeq/tk) is the most frequently used package in Gox, the documents are here or here.

Other libraries embedded in Gox include:

  • gonum.org/v1/plot(scientific drawing and charts, use it as gonumorg_v1_plot), and with gonumorg_v1_plot_plotter, gonumorg_v1_plot_plotutil, gonumorg_v1_plot_vg
  • github.com/domodwyer/mailyak(send mail via SMTP)
  • github.com/360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize(Excel file processing)
  • github.com/fogleman/gg(basic drawing)
  • github.com/dgraph-io/badger(NoSQL DB)
  • github.com/topxeq/govcl/vcl(derived from ying32's Govcl, GUI programming with LCL library)
  • github.com/AllenDang/giu(OpenGL GUI)
  • github.com/sciter-sdk/go-sciter(GUI programming with Sciter, HTML+CSS+TiScript+Golang)
  • github.com/topxeq/blink(control a chronium WebView, Windows only)
  • github.com/topxeq/sqltk(general SQL operations, enable access to Oracle, MySQL, MSSQLServer, SQLite databases)
  • github.com/topxeq/imagetk(various image-processing funtions)
  • github.com/beevik/etree(XML processing)
  • github.com/topxeq/xmlx(another XML processing package)
  • github.com/stretchr/objx(another JSON library)
  • github.com/kbinani/screenshot(cross-platform, multi-display screenshot)
  • github.com/topxeq/doc2vec/doc2vec(document to vector engine and training functions)
  • github.com/aliyun/alibaba-cloud-sdk-go/services/dysmsapi(send Aliyun SMS)
  • github.com/topxeq/afero(a memory file system)
  • github.com/topxeq/socks(a library for socks5 server/client programming)
  • github.com/topxeq/regexpx(add more functions to the standard regexp package)

Browse their Github pages for usage and documents, and of course the examples in the example directory.

To use an embedded package, see the examples below:

directly use

tk.Pl("1+3=%v", 1+3)

or

github_topxeq_tk.Pl("1+3=%v", 1+3)

Attention: To refer a 3rd-party package, '.com' is always omitted for the domain name such as github.com, and the same is '.org' for gonum.org. And the slash('/') is replaced by underscore('_'), other special characters will be removed. For some packages used frequently(such as github.com/topxeq/tk), we will give it a convenient short-name(tk), but not all. You can define a short name for the packages that will be used.

define a short name

excel = github_360EntSecGroupSkylar_excelize

f, err = excel.OpenFile(`d:\tmpx\test.xlsx`)

...

However, Gox provides some convenient global variables and functions decribed as below.

Variables

argsG

get global variable

The global value "argsG" could be used for retrieve command-line arguments, and the first element(the Gox executable) is usually removed. If you need the whole command-line, use os.Args instead.


scriptPathG

holds the full script path(include the file name), for network scenes, will be ""(empty string)

versionG

holds the current version of Gox

Functions

Note: some functions may exist or not in different script engine, and may have some slight differences.


pass

A function doing nothing. Usually used at the end of a script to ensure return nothing(so that will print nothing by the VM).


defined

check if a variable is defined


eval

evaluate an expression and return the result


type/typeof/typeOf/kindOf

return the string representation of the type for a variable or expression

a = 1
println(typeof(a))

remove

remove one or several items from an array

remove(arrayA, startIndexA, endIndexA)

print/pr

the same as fmt.Print


println/pln

the same as fmt.Println


printf/prf

the same as fmt.Printf


printfln/pl

the same as fmt.Printf but add a new-line character at the end


sprintf

the same as fmt.Sprintf


fprintln/fprintf

the same as fmt.Fprintln/fmt.Fprintf


plv

the same as pl("%#v", v)


plvx

the same as tk.Plvx, i.e. fmt.Printf("[TYPE] %T [VALUE] %v [ITYPE] %#v\n", argsA, argsA, argsA)


pv

output the name, type, value of a variable, attention: the parameter passed to this function should be a string, and only the global varibles are allowed.

s2 = "abcabcabc"

pv("s2")

// the output ->
// s2(string): abcabcabc

plvsr

the same as pl("%#v", v), but for various arguments


plerr

a convenient way to print an error value


plExit

the same as tk.PlAndExit, printfln then exit


exit

the same as os.Exit(1), used to terminate\exit the whole script running


setValue

assign a value by a pointer, used in Qlang engine.

s = new(string)

// *s = "abc" is not correct in Qlang engine

setValue(s, "abc")

println(*s)  // use * for dereference a value from pointer is allowed

getValue

get a value referenced by a pointer, used in Qlang engine.

s = new(string)

// *s = "abc" is not correct in Qlang engine

setValue(s, "abc")

println(*s)  // use * for dereference a value from pointer is allowed

v = getValue(s)

println(v) // will be "abc"

setVar

set global variable


getVar

get global variable


bitXor

bitwise XOR operation, since in Qlang engine, ^ is used for get address/pointer of a variable(like & in other engine), so the origin bitwise XOR operator in Golang is used and we will use bitXor function instead.


isNil

check if a variable equals to nil(especially for non error type nil,such as *etree.Tree(nil))


strToInt

the same as tk.StrToIntWithDefaultValue


intToStr/floatToStr/toStr/toInt/toFloat

convert the values to string accordingly


toLower/toUpper

convert the lower/upper case


checkError

a convenient way to print an error value if not nil, and terminate the whole program running

outT, errT = clientT.Run(cmdT)

checkError(errT, deferFunc)

deferFunc is the function which will be called before terminating the application, if none, pass nil for it, i.e. checkError(errT, nil)


checkErrorString

the same as checkError, but check a TXERROR string


checkErrf

the same as tk.CheckErrf, check an error, if not nil, terminate the program and printf something


checkErrStrf

the same as tk.CheckErrStrf, check a TXERROR string, if it's a TXERROR string, terminate the program and printf something


fatalf

printf then terminate the program


isErrStr

check if is TXERROR string (which starts with TXERROR:)


errStr

generate a TXERROR string (which starts with TXERROR:)


errStrf

generate a TXERROR string with format like printf, the same as tk.ErrStrF


getErrStr

remove the prefix(TXERROR:) of a TXERROR string, return the result


errf

the same as tk.Errf, generate an error


getInput(deprecated)

get user input from command-line

printf("A:")

a = getInput()

printf("B:")

b = getInput()

println("A + B =", a+b)

getInputf

the same as getInput, but use printf to print a prompt string

n = 3

a = getInputf("Please enter the %v value: ", n)

printf("B:")

b = getInput()

println("A + B =", a+b)

panic

raise a panic manually


try {
	panic("a manual panic")
} catch e {
	printfln("error: %v", e)
} finally {
	println("final")
}


try {
	panic(12345678)
} catch e {
	printfln(e)
}


keys

get the keys of a map


range

range an array, actually a keyword, not a function

a = [1, 2, "list"]

for i, v = range a {
	println(a)
}

deepClone

deep copy a struct variable and generate a new one

usage:

person1 = make(struct {
	Name string,
	Age int
})

person1.Name = "John"
person1.Age = 20

pl("%#v", person1)

person2 = person1

person2.Name ="Tom"

pv("person1")
pv("person2")

p3 = deepClone(&person1)
p3 = *p3
p3.Name = "abc"
pv("person1")
pv("person2")
pv("p3")

deepCopy

deep copy a struct variable to another one


getClipText

get clipboard text


setClipText

set clipboard text


trim

trim a string


run

execute a script file(in a new created VM)

run(argsA...)


runCode

execute a script string(in a new created VM, argsG will hold the arguments)

runCode(codeA string, argsA ...string)


runScript

runScript(scriptA, modeA, argsA ...)

modeA == "" || modeA == "1" || modeA == "new" 

run script in a new VM

any other modeA will run it as a system command.


magic

execute a script with a magic number(in a new created VM, argsG will hold the arguments)

magic(numberA, argsA...)


systemCmd

run a system command

systemCmd(cmdA, argsA ...)

newSSHClient

create a SSH client to run shell commands, upload/download file from a remote server. Thanks to melbahja and visit here to find more docs.

short examples:

clientT, errT = newSSHClient(hostName, port, userName, password)

outT, errT = clientT.Run(`ls -p; cat abc.txt`)

errT = clientT.Upload(`./abc.txt`, tk.Replace(tk.JoinPath(pathT, `abc.txt`), `\`, "/"))

errT = clientT.Download(`down.txt`, `./down.txt`)

find more in this example script here


getParameter

the same as tk.GetParameterByIndexWithDefaultValue


getSwitch

the same as tk.GetSwitchWithDefaultValue, get a command-line switch such as "-path=d:\tmp"


getIntSwitch

the same as tk.GetSwitchWithDefaultIntValue


switchExists/ifSwitchExists

the same as tk.IfSwitchExistsWhole, to determine if a command-line switch exists, such as "-verbose"


xmlEncode/htmlEncode/htmlDecode/base64Encode/base64Decode/md5Encode/jsonEncode/jsonDecode

misc encode/decode functions


newFunc

convert a pointer of type *execq.Function to *(func())


edit

the same as gui.EditFile, or the command-line switch "-edit", used to start an embedded code editor for Gox files.

edit("") // will open an editor for a new Gox code file
edit("d:\\tmp\\basic.gox") // will open an editor for the specific Gox code file

gui.GetConfirm

show a confirm dialog, return true or false


gui.LoadFont

for loading font for GUI display, example:

var gui = import("gui")

...

setVar("Font", "c:/Windows/Fonts/simsun.ttc")
setVar("FontRange", "COMMON")
setVar("FontSize", "36")

mainWindow = gui.NewMasterWindow("简易计算器", 400, 200, gui.MasterWindowFlagsNotResizable, gui.LoadFont)

see the example script here.


gui.SelectFile

xxxxxxx


gui.SelectSaveFile

xxxxxxx


gui.SelectDirectory

xxxxxxx


gui.EditFile

the same as edit function, or command-line switch "-edit"


Development

  • Feel free to modify the source code to make a custom version of Gox. You can remove some packages not necessary for you, or add some Golang or third-party packages into it.

  • The command here is used for developers to add imported libraries to Gox.

The usage is as below:

qexport github.com/topxeq/sqltk

or just use a Gox script if you have the Golang environment and "go get" the Gox repository already:

gox -gopath qexports github.com/topxeq/sqltk

and add them to the qlang/lib directory(look at the files inside for reference):

  • The script here is used to generate command-line version and the script here is used to generate Gox tiny version.

  • Add the following flag while building on Windows will generate a version without command-line console(for the goxg verison).

go install -ldflags="-H windowsgui"

  • Add the following flags while building will generate a more small-sized version without symbol and other debug information embedded in the executable.

go install -ldflags="-s -w"

  • You can embed custom Gox script inside the Gox/Goxc main executable, following this steps:

    • change the content in the embed.go, assign your script to the variable codeTextG.
    • build the Gox/Goxc using tag "embed", i.e. "go install -tags embed".
    • then you can run the executable and the script embedded will be run. Or you can distributed it as a single file(also a more secure one).
    • use command-line argument "-noembed" to prevent the embedded script from running automatically.
MIT License Copyright (c) 2020 TopXeQ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

简介

Gox is a free, open-source script language or a interpreter written by Golang. As a script runner(or interpreter), Gox supports various script languages such as txScript, Javascript, Anko and Tengo. And Gox provides a modern GUI programming ability, and it's cross-platform, native, no dependencies and convenient. 展开 收起
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