Java EE Fundamentals – Microservices

5. Microservices - JavaEE基础系列

This is the fifth post in the Java EE Fundamentals series

本文是JavaEE基础系列的第五节。

1. Java EE简介 - JavaEE基础系列
2. JSR简介 - JavaEE基础系列
3. 什么是JSR参考实现？ - JavaEE基础系列
4. 4. 什么是应用服务器？ - JavaEE基础系列

Microservices is the latest software architecture that seems to be the buzzword of the day. It has been around in one form or the other since the early days of software engineering.

Microservices(微服务) 是当今世界最火爆的软件架构。相比早期的软件工程, 微服务已经变成了一种新的 面向服务的架构(SOA) 。

Essentially microservices means breaking down applications into distinct components that all coordinate to form a whole. Now there are arguments against Java EE given it’s application server centric nature. There are those that think Java EE is heavy and geared towards the monolith style of application development.

本质上, 微服务是将系统拆分成多个不同的组件, 互相之间协调组织成为一个整体。有人认为, Java EE 应用服务器太重了, 只适合开发单体应用, 不再是企业级服务的核心。

However, this is very incorrect. In fact, Java EE is more than suitable for a microservices architecture. At its core, microservices basically means an application being self-contained in terms of its runtime dependencies. Meaning generally the application has a small footprint and can theoretically be deployed to almost any usable platform.

但我认为这种说法是有问题的, Java EE 非常适用于微服务架构开发. 最最核心的是, 微服务的运行时是自包含的(self-contained), 代码和依赖都放在一起. 同时, 微服务占用的空间小, 理论上可以部署到任何平台上。

关于self-contained的介绍 ,请参考: 使用Java构建微服务: http://dockone.io/article/804

Java EE has tools available that make it super easy to create a microservices oriented application with it. The following 4 tools are more than enough to create any kind of microservices with Java EE.

有很多支持 Java EE 的工具, 可以快速开发面向微服务的系统。下面是创建微服务的4种常用工具。

Payara Micro

Payara Micro is a microservices geared version of the popular, open source, Glassfish derived Payara Server. Payara Micro is designed for running Java EE applications in a modern containerized / virtualized infrastructure, using automated provisioning tools like Chef, Ansible or Puppet. Payara Micro makes it easy to java -jar your Java EE application.

Payara Micro 基于 Glassfish 开发, 是一款开源的 microservices 创建工具, 当前是 geared 版本. Payara Micro 专为容器/虚机环境设计, 支持各种配置管理工具, 如Chef, Ansible 和 Puppet 等. 可以非常方便地创建 java -jar 方式的企业级应用。

JBoss Wildfly Swarm

WildFly Swarm offers an innovative approach to packaging and running Java EE applications by packaging them with just enough of the server runtime to “java -jar” your application. Essentially it bundles your Java EE dependencies with your application making your resulting war/jar self contained.

WildFly Swarm 使用一种全新的方法来打包和运行 Java EE 应用, 通过 “java -jar” 的方式即可启动服务. 本质是将 Java EE 依赖全部打包, 使得应用程序 war/jar 自包含(self contained)。

KumuluzEE

KumuluzEE is a lightweight open-source microservice framework. It’s raison d’être is to help you develop microservices with Java EE technologies and also migrate existing Java EE applications to a microservices architecture.

KumuluzEE 是一款开源的轻量级微服务框架. 其目的是通过 Java EE 技术开发微服务, 并将现有的 Java EE 应用迁移到 microservices 架构中。

Apache Meecrowave

Apache Meecrowave is a lightweight JAX-RS, CDI and JSON server. Meecrowave is suitable for developing microservices using the mentioned Java EE APIs. In fact, the CDI runtime that powers Meecrowave – OpenWebBeans – recently became CDI 2.0 (JSR 365)compatible.

Apache Meecrowave 是一款轻量级的 JAX-RS, CDI 和 JSON 服务器. 适用于 mentioned 方式的微服务开发。事实上, CDI运行时支撑了 Meecrowave - OpenWebBeans , 现在已经支持 CDI 2.0 (JSR 365)。

In subsequent posts, we will be taking all these tools one after the other and examine them in detail complete with code samples.

在后续文章中, 我们将依次介绍这些工具, 并通过实例进行讲解。

原文日期: 2017年7月23日

原文链接: https://pedanticdevs.com/2017/07/java-ee-fundamentals-microservices.html

翻译日期: 2017年7月28日

翻译人员: 铁锚: http://blog.csdn.net/renfufei