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README
Apache-2.0

nopo

PyPI PyPI - Downloads

nopo (not only page object 的缩写) 是一个关于 Page Object 模型(PO模型,POM)的包,基于 Selenium,帮助你在 Web 测试中构建 POM。

View README in English

查看开发该模块的历程

功能

  • 定义、操作一个元素,或所有具有相同属性的元素,方法上类似于 Selenium,不过也扩充了一些功能
  • 自动等待、寻找单个元素 / 所有元素
  • 在元素中支持层叠的选择器

安装

pip install nopo

使用方法

示例

一个简单的示例:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

from nopo import El, Els, By, Pg


class GitHubPage(Pg):

    # 像 Selenium 一样定义
    textbox = El(By.XPATH, '//input[@aria-label="Search GitHub"]')
    main_page = El(By.TAG_NAME, 'main')
    user_a = El(By.CLASS_NAME, 'mr-1')
    name = El(By.XPATH, '//span[@itemprop="name"]')

    def search_user(self, name):
        # 像 Selenium 一样操作,不过有更多的功能
        self.textbox.send_keys(name, clear=True)
        self.textbox.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
        # 元素定义
        # 用 El_1 / El_2 定义层叠的元素
        # 用 El(el=El_old) 或 Els(el=El_old) 改变元素的数据类型
        lis = Els(el=(self.main_page / El(By.XPATH, './/nav[1]') / El(By.TAG_NAME, 'a')))
        lis[-1].click()
        self.user_a.click()
        assert self.name.value == 'Ding Junyao'


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.maximize_window()
    driver.get('https://github.com/')
    gh_page = GitHubPage(driver)
    gh_page.search_user('DingJunyao')
    driver.quit()

定义

在有 driver 属性,且该属性指向 Selenium WebDriver 实例的类(如 nopo.Pg 类),可以定义为类属性:

example_el = El(by, selector_str)
example_els = Els(by, selector_str)

在其他不便使用类属性的场合,或者是想要自定义 WebDriver,可以使用 driver 参数:

example_el = El(by, selector_str, driver=driver)
example_els = Els(by, selector_str, driver=driver)

操作

el.text             # 元素的文本
el.value            # 返回 el.text 的值。如果 el.text 为 None 或 '',返回 value 属性(多用于 input 元素)
el.exist            # 即刻判断元素是否存在
el.exist_wait       # 判断元素是否存在,支持自动等待
el.is_selected      # 判断元素是否被选择。
el.selectors_xpath  # 返回元素的 XPath 选择器的值
el.elem             # 返回元素的 WebElement 实例,支持自动等待到在 DOM 里出现
el.elem_clickable   # 返回元素的 WebElement 实例,支持自动等待到可点击
el.elem_no_wait     # 即刻返回元素的 WebElement 实例

el.options                  # 针对于 select 标签的元素,返回属于该元素的所有选项
el.all_selected_options     # 针对于 select 标签的元素,返回属于该元素的所有已选选项
el.first_selected_option    # 针对于 select 标签的元素,返回属于该元素的第一个已选选项

el.click()                                          # 单击元素
el.clear(force=False)                               # 清除元素内文本(比如 input 元素). 设置 force=True 确保元素内文本清除干净,也就是强制模式(在某些场合适用)
el.send_keys(keys, clear=False, force_clear=False)  # 向元素输入按键或文本。如果 clear 为 True,则输入前会清空元素内文本。如果 clear 和 force 均为 True,清除方法进入强制模式
el.csk(keys, force_clear=False)                     # 清空元素内文本,并向元素输入按键或文本。如果 force_clear 为 True,清除方法进入强制模式
el.nn_csk(keys, force_clear=False)                  # 如果keys 非 None,则清空元素内文本,并向元素输入按键或文本。如果 force_clear 为 True,清除方法进入强制模式
el.get_attribute(attr)                              # 获取元素的参数(attribute,偏向于 HTML 层面)
el.get_property(property_text)                      # 获取元素的属性(property,偏向于 JS 层面)
el.wait_for_click()                                 # 等待到元素可点击
el.wait_for_present()                               # 等待到元素出现

el.select_by_value(value)           # 针对于 select 标签的元素,根据给定 value 值选择选项
el.select_by_index(index)           # 针对于 select 标签的元素,根据给定 index 值选择选项
el.select_by_visible_text(text)     # 针对于 select 标签的元素,根据给定显示文本选择选项
el.deselect_all()                   # 针对于 select 标签的元素,取消选择所有内容
el.deselect_by_value(value)         # 针对于 select 标签的元素,根据给定 value 值取消选择选项
el.deselect_by_index(index)         # 针对于 select 标签的元素,根据给定 index 值取消选择选项
el.deselect_by_visible_text(text)   # 针对于 select 标签的元素,根据给定显示文本取消选择选项

el.switch_in()  # 针对于 iframe 标签的元素,切换到该框架

El.single_selector_to_xpath(by, selector) # 将单个选择器转换为 XPath

层叠

使用 / 操作符链接多个元素,得到新元素。新元素的选择器为两者层叠而成:

el1 = El(by1, selector_str1)
el2 = El(by2, selector_str2)
example_el = el1 / el2

example_el 的数据类型与 el1 相同,其选择器为 el1 的选择器下执行 el2 的选择器,类似于使用 Selenium 中的:

el1 = driver.find_element.by(by1, selector_str1)
example_el = el1.find_element.by(by2, selector_str2)

扩展

el 参数可用于转换类的类型,便于自定义类:

class MyEl(El):
    pass

example_el = MyEl(el=el1 / el2)

构建

pip install -r requirements.txt

python -m build
# 或
python3 -m build

未来计划

  • 添加更多操作功能
  • 为前端框架(如 Ant DesignElement)编写开箱即用的元素类

协议

Apache 协议 2.0 版

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not only page object. 一个关于 Page Object 模型(PO模型,POM)的包,基于 Selenium,帮助你在 Web 测试中构建 POM。 展开 收起
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