private void grow(int minCapacity) {
    // overflow-conscious code
    int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
    int newCapacity = oldCapacity + (oldCapacity >> 1);
    if (newCapacity - minCapacity < 0)
    	newCapacity = minCapacity;
    if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0)
    	newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);
    // minCapacity is usually close to size, so this is a win:
    elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
}

public HashSet() {
	map = new HashMap<>();
}

public TreeSet() {
	this(new TreeMap<E,Object>());
}

static class Node<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
    final int hash;
    final K key;
    V value;
    Node<K,V> next;
}

static final class TreeNode<K,V> extends LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> {
    TreeNode<K,V> parent;  // red-black tree links
    TreeNode<K,V> left;
    TreeNode<K,V> right;
    TreeNode<K,V> prev;    // needed to unlink next upon deletion
    boolean red;
    TreeNode(int hash, K key, V val, Node<K,V> next) {
    	super(hash, key, val, next);
}

static final class Entry<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
    K key;
    V value;
    Entry<K,V> left;
    Entry<K,V> right;
    Entry<K,V> parent;
    boolean color = BLACK;
}

static final int hash(Object key) {
    int h;
    return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
}

public V put(K key, V value) {
	return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true);
}

当调用put()方法的时候,HahMap会计算key的hash值,然后把键值对存储在集合中合适的索引上。如果Key已经存在了,value会被更新成新值


Map<String,String> map=new HashMap<>();
//添加元素
map.put("劫","吾所成之事,不可逆也");
map.put("亚索","长路漫漫,唯剑作伴");
map.put("烬","黎明中的花朵");
map.put("烬","科比式外交");

Set<Map.Entry<String,String>> set=map.entrySet();
    Iterator<Map.Entry<String,String>> iterator1=set.iterator();
    while(iterator1.hasNext()){
    System.out.println(iterator1.next());
}
//亚索=长路漫漫,唯剑作伴
//劫=吾所成之事,不可逆也
//烬=科比式外交

这时候map的size()变成了3,因为最后一个put时替换了前面的值

public V put(K key, V value) {
    return putVal(key, value, false);
}

/** Implementation for put and putIfAbsent */
final V putVal(K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) {
    // key 和 value 不能为空
    if (key == null || value == null) throw new NullPointerException();
    int hash = spread(key.hashCode());
    int binCount = 0;
    for (Node<K,V>[] tab = table;;) {
        // f = 目标位置元素
        Node<K,V> f; int n, i, fh;// fh 后面存放目标位置的元素 hash 值
        if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
            // 数组桶为空，初始化数组桶（自旋+CAS)
            tab = initTable();
        else if ((f = tabAt(tab, i = (n - 1) & hash)) == null) {
            // 桶内为空，CAS 放入，不加锁，成功了就直接 break 跳出
            if (casTabAt(tab, i, null,new Node<K,V>(hash, key, value, null)))
                break;  // no lock when adding to empty bin
        }
        else if ((fh = f.hash) == MOVED)
            tab = helpTransfer(tab, f);
        else {
            V oldVal = null;
            // 使用 synchronized 加锁加入节点
            synchronized (f) {
                if (tabAt(tab, i) == f) {
                    // 说明是链表
                    if (fh >= 0) {
                        binCount = 1;
                        // 循环加入新的或者覆盖节点
                        for (Node<K,V> e = f;; ++binCount) {
                            K ek;
                            if (e.hash == hash &&
                                ((ek = e.key) == key ||
                                 (ek != null && key.equals(ek)))) {
                                oldVal = e.val;
                                if (!onlyIfAbsent)
                                    e.val = value;
                                break;
                            }
                            Node<K,V> pred = e;
                            if ((e = e.next) == null) {
                                pred.next = new Node<K,V>(hash, key,
                                                          value, null);
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else if (f instanceof TreeBin) {
                        // 红黑树
                        Node<K,V> p;
                        binCount = 2;
                        if ((p = ((TreeBin<K,V>)f).putTreeVal(hash, key,
                                                       value)) != null) {
                            oldVal = p.val;
                            if (!onlyIfAbsent)
                                p.val = value;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (binCount != 0) {
                if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD)
                    treeifyBin(tab, i);
                if (oldVal != null)
                    return oldVal;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    addCount(1L, binCount);
    return null;
}