kubernetes
/
Godeps
/
_workspace
/
src
/
github.com
/
mitchellh
/
goamz
/
ec2
/
ec2.go

//
// goamz - Go packages to interact with the Amazon Web Services.
//
//   https://wiki.ubuntu.com/goamz
//
// Copyright (c) 2011 Canonical Ltd.
//
// Written by Gustavo Niemeyer <gustavo.niemeyer@canonical.com>
//

package ec2

import (
	"crypto/rand"
	"encoding/base64"
	"encoding/hex"
	"encoding/xml"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httputil"
	"net/url"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/mitchellh/goamz/aws"
)

const debug = false

// The EC2 type encapsulates operations with a specific EC2 region.
type EC2 struct {
	aws.Auth
	aws.Region
	httpClient *http.Client
	private    byte // Reserve the right of using private data.
}

// New creates a new EC2.
func NewWithClient(auth aws.Auth, region aws.Region, client *http.Client) *EC2 {
	return &EC2{auth, region, client, 0}
}

func New(auth aws.Auth, region aws.Region) *EC2 {
	return NewWithClient(auth, region, aws.RetryingClient)
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Filtering helper.

// Filter builds filtering parameters to be used in an EC2 query which supports
// filtering.  For example:
//
//     filter := NewFilter()
//     filter.Add("architecture", "i386")
//     filter.Add("launch-index", "0")
//     resp, err := ec2.Instances(nil, filter)
//
type Filter struct {
	m map[string][]string
}

// NewFilter creates a new Filter.
func NewFilter() *Filter {
	return &Filter{make(map[string][]string)}
}

// Add appends a filtering parameter with the given name and value(s).
func (f *Filter) Add(name string, value ...string) {
	f.m[name] = append(f.m[name], value...)
}

func (f *Filter) addParams(params map[string]string) {
	if f != nil {
		a := make([]string, len(f.m))
		i := 0
		for k := range f.m {
			a[i] = k
			i++
		}
		sort.StringSlice(a).Sort()
		for i, k := range a {
			prefix := "Filter." + strconv.Itoa(i+1)
			params[prefix+".Name"] = k
			for j, v := range f.m[k] {
				params[prefix+".Value."+strconv.Itoa(j+1)] = v
			}
		}
	}
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Request dispatching logic.

// Error encapsulates an error returned by EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/VZGuC for more details.
type Error struct {
	// HTTP status code (200, 403, ...)
	StatusCode int
	// EC2 error code ("UnsupportedOperation", ...)
	Code string
	// The human-oriented error message
	Message   string
	RequestId string `xml:"RequestID"`
}

func (err *Error) Error() string {
	if err.Code == "" {
		return err.Message
	}

	return fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s)", err.Message, err.Code)
}

// For now a single error inst is being exposed. In the future it may be useful
// to provide access to all of them, but rather than doing it as an array/slice,
// use a *next pointer, so that it's backward compatible and it continues to be
// easy to handle the first error, which is what most people will want.
type xmlErrors struct {
	RequestId string  `xml:"RequestID"`
	Errors    []Error `xml:"Errors>Error"`
}

var timeNow = time.Now

func (ec2 *EC2) query(params map[string]string, resp interface{}) error {
	params["Version"] = "2014-05-01"
	params["Timestamp"] = timeNow().In(time.UTC).Format(time.RFC3339)
	endpoint, err := url.Parse(ec2.Region.EC2Endpoint)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if endpoint.Path == "" {
		endpoint.Path = "/"
	}
	sign(ec2.Auth, "GET", endpoint.Path, params, endpoint.Host)
	endpoint.RawQuery = multimap(params).Encode()
	if debug {
		log.Printf("get { %v } -> {\n", endpoint.String())
	}

	r, err := ec2.httpClient.Get(endpoint.String())
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer r.Body.Close()

	if debug {
		dump, _ := httputil.DumpResponse(r, true)
		log.Printf("response:\n")
		log.Printf("%v\n}\n", string(dump))
	}
	if r.StatusCode != 200 {
		return buildError(r)
	}
	err = xml.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(resp)
	return err
}

func multimap(p map[string]string) url.Values {
	q := make(url.Values, len(p))
	for k, v := range p {
		q[k] = []string{v}
	}
	return q
}

func buildError(r *http.Response) error {
	errors := xmlErrors{}
	xml.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&errors)
	var err Error
	if len(errors.Errors) > 0 {
		err = errors.Errors[0]
	}
	err.RequestId = errors.RequestId
	err.StatusCode = r.StatusCode
	if err.Message == "" {
		err.Message = r.Status
	}
	return &err
}

func makeParams(action string) map[string]string {
	params := make(map[string]string)
	params["Action"] = action
	return params
}

func addParamsList(params map[string]string, label string, ids []string) {
	for i, id := range ids {
		params[label+"."+strconv.Itoa(i+1)] = id
	}
}

func addBlockDeviceParams(prename string, params map[string]string, blockdevices []BlockDeviceMapping) {
	for i, k := range blockdevices {
		// Fixup index since Amazon counts these from 1
		prefix := prename + "BlockDeviceMapping." + strconv.Itoa(i+1) + "."

		if k.DeviceName != "" {
			params[prefix+"DeviceName"] = k.DeviceName
		}
		if k.VirtualName != "" {
			params[prefix+"VirtualName"] = k.VirtualName
		}
		if k.SnapshotId != "" {
			params[prefix+"Ebs.SnapshotId"] = k.SnapshotId
		}
		if k.VolumeType != "" {
			params[prefix+"Ebs.VolumeType"] = k.VolumeType
		}
		if k.IOPS != 0 {
			params[prefix+"Ebs.Iops"] = strconv.FormatInt(k.IOPS, 10)
		}
		if k.VolumeSize != 0 {
			params[prefix+"Ebs.VolumeSize"] = strconv.FormatInt(k.VolumeSize, 10)
		}
		if k.DeleteOnTermination {
			params[prefix+"Ebs.DeleteOnTermination"] = "true"
		}
		if k.Encrypted {
			params[prefix+"Ebs.Encrypted"] = "true"
		}
		if k.NoDevice {
			params[prefix+"NoDevice"] = ""
		}
	}
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Instance management functions and types.

// The RunInstances type encapsulates options for the respective request in EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/Mcm3b for more details.
type RunInstances struct {
	ImageId                  string
	MinCount                 int
	MaxCount                 int
	KeyName                  string
	InstanceType             string
	SecurityGroups           []SecurityGroup
	IamInstanceProfile       string
	KernelId                 string
	RamdiskId                string
	UserData                 []byte
	AvailZone                string
	PlacementGroupName       string
	Monitoring               bool
	SubnetId                 string
	AssociatePublicIpAddress bool
	DisableAPITermination    bool
	ShutdownBehavior         string
	PrivateIPAddress         string
	BlockDevices             []BlockDeviceMapping
}

// Response to a RunInstances request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/Mcm3b for more details.
type RunInstancesResp struct {
	RequestId      string          `xml:"requestId"`
	ReservationId  string          `xml:"reservationId"`
	OwnerId        string          `xml:"ownerId"`
	SecurityGroups []SecurityGroup `xml:"groupSet>item"`
	Instances      []Instance      `xml:"instancesSet>item"`
}

// Instance encapsulates a running instance in EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/OCH8a for more details.
type Instance struct {
	InstanceId         string          `xml:"instanceId"`
	InstanceType       string          `xml:"instanceType"`
	ImageId            string          `xml:"imageId"`
	PrivateDNSName     string          `xml:"privateDnsName"`
	DNSName            string          `xml:"dnsName"`
	KeyName            string          `xml:"keyName"`
	AMILaunchIndex     int             `xml:"amiLaunchIndex"`
	Hypervisor         string          `xml:"hypervisor"`
	VirtType           string          `xml:"virtualizationType"`
	Monitoring         string          `xml:"monitoring>state"`
	AvailZone          string          `xml:"placement>availabilityZone"`
	PlacementGroupName string          `xml:"placement>groupName"`
	State              InstanceState   `xml:"instanceState"`
	Tags               []Tag           `xml:"tagSet>item"`
	VpcId              string          `xml:"vpcId"`
	SubnetId           string          `xml:"subnetId"`
	IamInstanceProfile string          `xml:"iamInstanceProfile"`
	PrivateIpAddress   string          `xml:"privateIpAddress"`
	PublicIpAddress    string          `xml:"ipAddress"`
	Architecture       string          `xml:"architecture"`
	LaunchTime         time.Time       `xml:"launchTime"`
	SourceDestCheck    bool            `xml:"sourceDestCheck"`
	SecurityGroups     []SecurityGroup `xml:"groupSet>item"`
}

// RunInstances starts new instances in EC2.
// If options.MinCount and options.MaxCount are both zero, a single instance
// will be started; otherwise if options.MaxCount is zero, options.MinCount
// will be used insteead.
//
// See http://goo.gl/Mcm3b for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) RunInstances(options *RunInstances) (resp *RunInstancesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("RunInstances")
	params["ImageId"] = options.ImageId
	params["InstanceType"] = options.InstanceType
	var min, max int
	if options.MinCount == 0 && options.MaxCount == 0 {
		min = 1
		max = 1
	} else if options.MaxCount == 0 {
		min = options.MinCount
		max = min
	} else {
		min = options.MinCount
		max = options.MaxCount
	}
	params["MinCount"] = strconv.Itoa(min)
	params["MaxCount"] = strconv.Itoa(max)
	token, err := clientToken()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	params["ClientToken"] = token

	if options.KeyName != "" {
		params["KeyName"] = options.KeyName
	}
	if options.KernelId != "" {
		params["KernelId"] = options.KernelId
	}
	if options.RamdiskId != "" {
		params["RamdiskId"] = options.RamdiskId
	}
	if options.UserData != nil {
		userData := make([]byte, b64.EncodedLen(len(options.UserData)))
		b64.Encode(userData, options.UserData)
		params["UserData"] = string(userData)
	}
	if options.AvailZone != "" {
		params["Placement.AvailabilityZone"] = options.AvailZone
	}
	if options.PlacementGroupName != "" {
		params["Placement.GroupName"] = options.PlacementGroupName
	}
	if options.Monitoring {
		params["Monitoring.Enabled"] = "true"
	}
	if options.SubnetId != "" && options.AssociatePublicIpAddress {
		// If we have a non-default VPC / Subnet specified, we can flag
		// AssociatePublicIpAddress to get a Public IP assigned. By default these are not provided.
		// You cannot specify both SubnetId and the NetworkInterface.0.* parameters though, otherwise
		// you get: Network interfaces and an instance-level subnet ID may not be specified on the same request
		// You also need to attach Security Groups to the NetworkInterface instead of the instance,
		// to avoid: Network interfaces and an instance-level security groups may not be specified on
		// the same request
		params["NetworkInterface.0.DeviceIndex"] = "0"
		params["NetworkInterface.0.AssociatePublicIpAddress"] = "true"
		params["NetworkInterface.0.SubnetId"] = options.SubnetId

		i := 1
		for _, g := range options.SecurityGroups {
			// We only have SecurityGroupId's on NetworkInterface's, no SecurityGroup params.
			if g.Id != "" {
				params["NetworkInterface.0.SecurityGroupId."+strconv.Itoa(i)] = g.Id
				i++
			}
		}
	} else {
		if options.SubnetId != "" {
			params["SubnetId"] = options.SubnetId
		}

		i, j := 1, 1
		for _, g := range options.SecurityGroups {
			if g.Id != "" {
				params["SecurityGroupId."+strconv.Itoa(i)] = g.Id
				i++
			} else {
				params["SecurityGroup."+strconv.Itoa(j)] = g.Name
				j++
			}
		}
	}
	if options.IamInstanceProfile != "" {
		params["IamInstanceProfile.Name"] = options.IamInstanceProfile
	}
	if options.DisableAPITermination {
		params["DisableApiTermination"] = "true"
	}
	if options.ShutdownBehavior != "" {
		params["InstanceInitiatedShutdownBehavior"] = options.ShutdownBehavior
	}
	if options.PrivateIPAddress != "" {
		params["PrivateIpAddress"] = options.PrivateIPAddress
	}
	addBlockDeviceParams("", params, options.BlockDevices)

	resp = &RunInstancesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

func clientToken() (string, error) {
	// Maximum EC2 client token size is 64 bytes.
	// Each byte expands to two when hex encoded.
	buf := make([]byte, 32)
	_, err := rand.Read(buf)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	return hex.EncodeToString(buf), nil
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Spot Instance management functions and types.

// The RequestSpotInstances type encapsulates options for the respective request in EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/GRZgCD for more details.
type RequestSpotInstances struct {
	SpotPrice                string
	InstanceCount            int
	Type                     string
	ImageId                  string
	KeyName                  string
	InstanceType             string
	SecurityGroups           []SecurityGroup
	IamInstanceProfile       string
	KernelId                 string
	RamdiskId                string
	UserData                 []byte
	AvailZone                string
	PlacementGroupName       string
	Monitoring               bool
	SubnetId                 string
	AssociatePublicIpAddress bool
	PrivateIPAddress         string
	BlockDevices             []BlockDeviceMapping
}

type SpotInstanceSpec struct {
	ImageId                  string
	KeyName                  string
	InstanceType             string
	SecurityGroups           []SecurityGroup
	IamInstanceProfile       string
	KernelId                 string
	RamdiskId                string
	UserData                 []byte
	AvailZone                string
	PlacementGroupName       string
	Monitoring               bool
	SubnetId                 string
	AssociatePublicIpAddress bool
	PrivateIPAddress         string
	BlockDevices             []BlockDeviceMapping
}

type SpotLaunchSpec struct {
	ImageId            string               `xml:"imageId"`
	KeyName            string               `xml:"keyName"`
	InstanceType       string               `xml:"instanceType"`
	SecurityGroups     []SecurityGroup      `xml:"groupSet>item"`
	IamInstanceProfile string               `xml:"iamInstanceProfile"`
	KernelId           string               `xml:"kernelId"`
	RamdiskId          string               `xml:"ramdiskId"`
	PlacementGroupName string               `xml:"placement>groupName"`
	Monitoring         bool                 `xml:"monitoring>enabled"`
	SubnetId           string               `xml:"subnetId"`
	BlockDevices       []BlockDeviceMapping `xml:"blockDeviceMapping>item"`
}

type SpotStatus struct {
	Code       string `xml:"code"`
	UpdateTime string `xml:"updateTime"`
	Message    string `xml:"message"`
}

type SpotRequestResult struct {
	SpotRequestId  string         `xml:"spotInstanceRequestId"`
	SpotPrice      string         `xml:"spotPrice"`
	Type           string         `xml:"type"`
	AvailZone      string         `xml:"launchedAvailabilityZone"`
	InstanceId     string         `xml:"instanceId"`
	State          string         `xml:"state"`
	Status         SpotStatus     `xml:"status"`
	SpotLaunchSpec SpotLaunchSpec `xml:"launchSpecification"`
	CreateTime     string         `xml:"createTime"`
	Tags           []Tag          `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

// Response to a RequestSpotInstances request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/GRZgCD for more details.
type RequestSpotInstancesResp struct {
	RequestId          string              `xml:"requestId"`
	SpotRequestResults []SpotRequestResult `xml:"spotInstanceRequestSet>item"`
}

// RequestSpotInstances requests a new spot instances in EC2.
func (ec2 *EC2) RequestSpotInstances(options *RequestSpotInstances) (resp *RequestSpotInstancesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("RequestSpotInstances")
	prefix := "LaunchSpecification" + "."

	params["SpotPrice"] = options.SpotPrice
	params[prefix+"ImageId"] = options.ImageId
	params[prefix+"InstanceType"] = options.InstanceType

	if options.InstanceCount != 0 {
		params["InstanceCount"] = strconv.Itoa(options.InstanceCount)
	}
	if options.KeyName != "" {
		params[prefix+"KeyName"] = options.KeyName
	}
	if options.KernelId != "" {
		params[prefix+"KernelId"] = options.KernelId
	}
	if options.RamdiskId != "" {
		params[prefix+"RamdiskId"] = options.RamdiskId
	}
	if options.UserData != nil {
		userData := make([]byte, b64.EncodedLen(len(options.UserData)))
		b64.Encode(userData, options.UserData)
		params[prefix+"UserData"] = string(userData)
	}
	if options.AvailZone != "" {
		params[prefix+"Placement.AvailabilityZone"] = options.AvailZone
	}
	if options.PlacementGroupName != "" {
		params[prefix+"Placement.GroupName"] = options.PlacementGroupName
	}
	if options.Monitoring {
		params[prefix+"Monitoring.Enabled"] = "true"
	}
	if options.SubnetId != "" && options.AssociatePublicIpAddress {
		// If we have a non-default VPC / Subnet specified, we can flag
		// AssociatePublicIpAddress to get a Public IP assigned. By default these are not provided.
		// You cannot specify both SubnetId and the NetworkInterface.0.* parameters though, otherwise
		// you get: Network interfaces and an instance-level subnet ID may not be specified on the same request
		// You also need to attach Security Groups to the NetworkInterface instead of the instance,
		// to avoid: Network interfaces and an instance-level security groups may not be specified on
		// the same request
		params[prefix+"NetworkInterface.0.DeviceIndex"] = "0"
		params[prefix+"NetworkInterface.0.AssociatePublicIpAddress"] = "true"
		params[prefix+"NetworkInterface.0.SubnetId"] = options.SubnetId

		i := 1
		for _, g := range options.SecurityGroups {
			// We only have SecurityGroupId's on NetworkInterface's, no SecurityGroup params.
			if g.Id != "" {
				params[prefix+"NetworkInterface.0.SecurityGroupId."+strconv.Itoa(i)] = g.Id
				i++
			}
		}
	} else {
		if options.SubnetId != "" {
			params[prefix+"SubnetId"] = options.SubnetId
		}

		i, j := 1, 1
		for _, g := range options.SecurityGroups {
			if g.Id != "" {
				params[prefix+"SecurityGroupId."+strconv.Itoa(i)] = g.Id
				i++
			} else {
				params[prefix+"SecurityGroup."+strconv.Itoa(j)] = g.Name
				j++
			}
		}
	}
	if options.IamInstanceProfile != "" {
		params[prefix+"IamInstanceProfile.Name"] = options.IamInstanceProfile
	}
	if options.PrivateIPAddress != "" {
		params[prefix+"PrivateIpAddress"] = options.PrivateIPAddress
	}
	addBlockDeviceParams(prefix, params, options.BlockDevices)

	resp = &RequestSpotInstancesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Response to a DescribeSpotInstanceRequests request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/KsKJJk for more details.
type SpotRequestsResp struct {
	RequestId          string              `xml:"requestId"`
	SpotRequestResults []SpotRequestResult `xml:"spotInstanceRequestSet>item"`
}

// DescribeSpotInstanceRequests returns details about spot requests in EC2.  Both parameters
// are optional, and if provided will limit the spot requests returned to those
// matching the given spot request ids or filtering rules.
//
// See http://goo.gl/KsKJJk for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) DescribeSpotRequests(spotrequestIds []string, filter *Filter) (resp *SpotRequestsResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeSpotInstanceRequests")
	addParamsList(params, "SpotInstanceRequestId", spotrequestIds)
	filter.addParams(params)
	resp = &SpotRequestsResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Response to a CancelSpotInstanceRequests request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/3BKHj for more details.
type CancelSpotRequestResult struct {
	SpotRequestId string `xml:"spotInstanceRequestId"`
	State         string `xml:"state"`
}
type CancelSpotRequestsResp struct {
	RequestId                string                    `xml:"requestId"`
	CancelSpotRequestResults []CancelSpotRequestResult `xml:"spotInstanceRequestSet>item"`
}

// CancelSpotRequests requests the cancellation of spot requests when the given ids.
//
// See http://goo.gl/3BKHj for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) CancelSpotRequests(spotrequestIds []string) (resp *CancelSpotRequestsResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CancelSpotInstanceRequests")
	addParamsList(params, "SpotInstanceRequestId", spotrequestIds)
	resp = &CancelSpotRequestsResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Response to a TerminateInstances request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/3BKHj for more details.
type TerminateInstancesResp struct {
	RequestId    string                `xml:"requestId"`
	StateChanges []InstanceStateChange `xml:"instancesSet>item"`
}

// InstanceState encapsulates the state of an instance in EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/y3ZBq for more details.
type InstanceState struct {
	Code int    `xml:"code"` // Watch out, bits 15-8 have unpublished meaning.
	Name string `xml:"name"`
}

// InstanceStateChange informs of the previous and current states
// for an instance when a state change is requested.
type InstanceStateChange struct {
	InstanceId    string        `xml:"instanceId"`
	CurrentState  InstanceState `xml:"currentState"`
	PreviousState InstanceState `xml:"previousState"`
}

// TerminateInstances requests the termination of instances when the given ids.
//
// See http://goo.gl/3BKHj for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) TerminateInstances(instIds []string) (resp *TerminateInstancesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("TerminateInstances")
	addParamsList(params, "InstanceId", instIds)
	resp = &TerminateInstancesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Response to a DescribeInstances request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/mLbmw for more details.
type InstancesResp struct {
	RequestId    string        `xml:"requestId"`
	Reservations []Reservation `xml:"reservationSet>item"`
}

// Reservation represents details about a reservation in EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/0ItPT for more details.
type Reservation struct {
	ReservationId  string          `xml:"reservationId"`
	OwnerId        string          `xml:"ownerId"`
	RequesterId    string          `xml:"requesterId"`
	SecurityGroups []SecurityGroup `xml:"groupSet>item"`
	Instances      []Instance      `xml:"instancesSet>item"`
}

// Instances returns details about instances in EC2.  Both parameters
// are optional, and if provided will limit the instances returned to those
// matching the given instance ids or filtering rules.
//
// See http://goo.gl/4No7c for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) Instances(instIds []string, filter *Filter) (resp *InstancesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeInstances")
	addParamsList(params, "InstanceId", instIds)
	filter.addParams(params)
	resp = &InstancesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Volume management

// The CreateVolume request parameters
//
// See http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-CreateVolume.html
type CreateVolume struct {
	AvailZone  string
	Size       int64
	SnapshotId string
	VolumeType string
	IOPS       int64
	Encrypted  bool
}

// Response to an AttachVolume request
type AttachVolumeResp struct {
	RequestId  string `xml:"requestId"`
	VolumeId   string `xml:"volumeId"`
	InstanceId string `xml:"instanceId"`
	Device     string `xml:"device"`
	Status     string `xml:"status"`
	AttachTime string `xml:"attachTime"`
}

// Response to a CreateVolume request
type CreateVolumeResp struct {
	RequestId  string `xml:"requestId"`
	VolumeId   string `xml:"volumeId"`
	Size       int64  `xml:"size"`
	SnapshotId string `xml:"snapshotId"`
	AvailZone  string `xml:"availabilityZone"`
	Status     string `xml:"status"`
	CreateTime string `xml:"createTime"`
	VolumeType string `xml:"volumeType"`
	IOPS       int64  `xml:"iops"`
	Encrypted  bool   `xml:"encrypted"`
}

// Volume is a single volume.
type Volume struct {
	VolumeId    string             `xml:"volumeId"`
	Size        string             `xml:"size"`
	SnapshotId  string             `xml:"snapshotId"`
	AvailZone   string             `xml:"availabilityZone"`
	Status      string             `xml:"status"`
	Attachments []VolumeAttachment `xml:"attachmentSet>item"`
	VolumeType  string             `xml:"volumeType"`
	IOPS        int64              `xml:"iops"`
	Encrypted   bool               `xml:"encrypted"`
	Tags        []Tag              `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

type VolumeAttachment struct {
	VolumeId   string `xml:"volumeId"`
	InstanceId string `xml:"instanceId"`
	Device     string `xml:"device"`
	Status     string `xml:"status"`
}

// Response to a DescribeVolumes request
type VolumesResp struct {
	RequestId string   `xml:"requestId"`
	Volumes   []Volume `xml:"volumeSet>item"`
}

// Attach a volume.
func (ec2 *EC2) AttachVolume(volumeId string, instanceId string, device string) (resp *AttachVolumeResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("AttachVolume")
	params["VolumeId"] = volumeId
	params["InstanceId"] = instanceId
	params["Device"] = device

	resp = &AttachVolumeResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Create a new volume.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateVolume(options *CreateVolume) (resp *CreateVolumeResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateVolume")
	params["AvailabilityZone"] = options.AvailZone
	if options.Size > 0 {
		params["Size"] = strconv.FormatInt(options.Size, 10)
	}

	if options.SnapshotId != "" {
		params["SnapshotId"] = options.SnapshotId
	}

	if options.VolumeType != "" {
		params["VolumeType"] = options.VolumeType
	}

	if options.IOPS > 0 {
		params["Iops"] = strconv.FormatInt(options.IOPS, 10)
	}

	if options.Encrypted {
		params["Encrypted"] = "true"
	}

	resp = &CreateVolumeResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Delete an EBS volume.
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteVolume(id string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteVolume")
	params["VolumeId"] = id

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Detaches an EBS volume.
func (ec2 *EC2) DetachVolume(id string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DetachVolume")
	params["VolumeId"] = id

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Finds or lists all volumes.
func (ec2 *EC2) Volumes(volIds []string, filter *Filter) (resp *VolumesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeVolumes")
	addParamsList(params, "VolumeId", volIds)
	filter.addParams(params)
	resp = &VolumesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ElasticIp management (for VPC)

// The AllocateAddress request parameters
//
// see http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-AllocateAddress.html
type AllocateAddress struct {
	Domain string
}

// Response to an AllocateAddress request
type AllocateAddressResp struct {
	RequestId    string `xml:"requestId"`
	PublicIp     string `xml:"publicIp"`
	Domain       string `xml:"domain"`
	AllocationId string `xml:"allocationId"`
}

// The AssociateAddress request parameters
//
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-AssociateAddress.html
type AssociateAddress struct {
	InstanceId         string
	PublicIp           string
	AllocationId       string
	AllowReassociation bool
}

// Response to an AssociateAddress request
type AssociateAddressResp struct {
	RequestId     string `xml:"requestId"`
	Return        bool   `xml:"return"`
	AssociationId string `xml:"associationId"`
}

// Address represents an Elastic IP Address
// See http://goo.gl/uxCjp7 for more details
type Address struct {
	PublicIp                string `xml:"publicIp"`
	AllocationId            string `xml:"allocationId"`
	Domain                  string `xml:"domain"`
	InstanceId              string `xml:"instanceId"`
	AssociationId           string `xml:"associationId"`
	NetworkInterfaceId      string `xml:"networkInterfaceId"`
	NetworkInterfaceOwnerId string `xml:"networkInterfaceOwnerId"`
	PrivateIpAddress        string `xml:"privateIpAddress"`
}

type DescribeAddressesResp struct {
	RequestId string    `xml:"requestId"`
	Addresses []Address `xml:"addressesSet>item"`
}

// Allocate a new Elastic IP.
func (ec2 *EC2) AllocateAddress(options *AllocateAddress) (resp *AllocateAddressResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("AllocateAddress")
	params["Domain"] = options.Domain

	resp = &AllocateAddressResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Release an Elastic IP (VPC).
func (ec2 *EC2) ReleaseAddress(id string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("ReleaseAddress")
	params["AllocationId"] = id

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Release an Elastic IP (Public)
func (ec2 *EC2) ReleasePublicAddress(publicIp string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("ReleaseAddress")
	params["PublicIp"] = publicIp

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Associate an address with a VPC instance.
func (ec2 *EC2) AssociateAddress(options *AssociateAddress) (resp *AssociateAddressResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("AssociateAddress")
	params["InstanceId"] = options.InstanceId
	if options.PublicIp != "" {
		params["PublicIp"] = options.PublicIp
	}
	if options.AllocationId != "" {
		params["AllocationId"] = options.AllocationId
	}
	if options.AllowReassociation {
		params["AllowReassociation"] = "true"
	}

	resp = &AssociateAddressResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Disassociate an address from a VPC instance.
func (ec2 *EC2) DisassociateAddress(id string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DisassociateAddress")
	params["AssociationId"] = id

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// DescribeAddresses returns details about one or more
// Elastic IP Addresses. Returned addresses can be
// filtered by Public IP, Allocation ID or multiple filters
//
// See http://goo.gl/zW7J4p for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) Addresses(publicIps []string, allocationIds []string, filter *Filter) (resp *DescribeAddressesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeAddresses")
	addParamsList(params, "PublicIp", publicIps)
	addParamsList(params, "AllocationId", allocationIds)
	filter.addParams(params)
	resp = &DescribeAddressesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Image and snapshot management functions and types.

// The CreateImage request parameters.
//
// See http://goo.gl/cxU41 for more details.
type CreateImage struct {
	InstanceId   string
	Name         string
	Description  string
	NoReboot     bool
	BlockDevices []BlockDeviceMapping
}

// Response to a CreateImage request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/cxU41 for more details.
type CreateImageResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	ImageId   string `xml:"imageId"`
}

// Response to a DescribeImages request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/hLnyg for more details.
type ImagesResp struct {
	RequestId string  `xml:"requestId"`
	Images    []Image `xml:"imagesSet>item"`
}

// Response to a DescribeImageAttribute request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/bHO3zT for more details.
type ImageAttributeResp struct {
	RequestId    string               `xml:"requestId"`
	ImageId      string               `xml:"imageId"`
	Kernel       string               `xml:"kernel>value"`
	RamDisk      string               `xml:"ramdisk>value"`
	Description  string               `xml:"description>value"`
	Group        string               `xml:"launchPermission>item>group"`
	UserIds      []string             `xml:"launchPermission>item>userId"`
	ProductCodes []string             `xml:"productCodes>item>productCode"`
	BlockDevices []BlockDeviceMapping `xml:"blockDeviceMapping>item"`
}

// The RegisterImage request parameters.
type RegisterImage struct {
	ImageLocation   string
	Name            string
	Description     string
	Architecture    string
	KernelId        string
	RamdiskId       string
	RootDeviceName  string
	VirtType        string
	SriovNetSupport string
	BlockDevices    []BlockDeviceMapping
}

// Response to a RegisterImage request.
type RegisterImageResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	ImageId   string `xml:"imageId"`
}

// Response to a DegisterImage request.
//
// See http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-DeregisterImage.html
type DeregisterImageResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	Return    bool   `xml:"return"`
}

// BlockDeviceMapping represents the association of a block device with an image.
//
// See http://goo.gl/wnDBf for more details.
type BlockDeviceMapping struct {
	DeviceName          string `xml:"deviceName"`
	VirtualName         string `xml:"virtualName"`
	SnapshotId          string `xml:"ebs>snapshotId"`
	VolumeType          string `xml:"ebs>volumeType"`
	VolumeSize          int64  `xml:"ebs>volumeSize"`
	DeleteOnTermination bool   `xml:"ebs>deleteOnTermination"`
	Encrypted           bool   `xml:"ebs>encrypted"`
	NoDevice            bool   `xml:"noDevice"`

	// The number of I/O operations per second (IOPS) that the volume supports.
	IOPS int64 `xml:"ebs>iops"`
}

// Image represents details about an image.
//
// See http://goo.gl/iSqJG for more details.
type Image struct {
	Id                 string               `xml:"imageId"`
	Name               string               `xml:"name"`
	Description        string               `xml:"description"`
	Type               string               `xml:"imageType"`
	State              string               `xml:"imageState"`
	Location           string               `xml:"imageLocation"`
	Public             bool                 `xml:"isPublic"`
	Architecture       string               `xml:"architecture"`
	Platform           string               `xml:"platform"`
	ProductCodes       []string             `xml:"productCode>item>productCode"`
	KernelId           string               `xml:"kernelId"`
	RamdiskId          string               `xml:"ramdiskId"`
	StateReason        string               `xml:"stateReason"`
	OwnerId            string               `xml:"imageOwnerId"`
	OwnerAlias         string               `xml:"imageOwnerAlias"`
	RootDeviceType     string               `xml:"rootDeviceType"`
	RootDeviceName     string               `xml:"rootDeviceName"`
	VirtualizationType string               `xml:"virtualizationType"`
	Hypervisor         string               `xml:"hypervisor"`
	BlockDevices       []BlockDeviceMapping `xml:"blockDeviceMapping>item"`
	Tags               []Tag                `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

// The ModifyImageAttribute request parameters.
type ModifyImageAttribute struct {
	AddUsers     []string
	RemoveUsers  []string
	AddGroups    []string
	RemoveGroups []string
	ProductCodes []string
	Description  string
}

// The CopyImage request parameters.
//
// See http://goo.gl/hQwPCK for more details.
type CopyImage struct {
	SourceRegion  string
	SourceImageId string
	Name          string
	Description   string
	ClientToken   string
}

// Response to a CopyImage request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/hQwPCK for more details.
type CopyImageResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	ImageId   string `xml:"imageId"`
}

// Creates an Amazon EBS-backed AMI from an Amazon EBS-backed instance
// that is either running or stopped.
//
// See http://goo.gl/cxU41 for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateImage(options *CreateImage) (resp *CreateImageResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateImage")
	params["InstanceId"] = options.InstanceId
	params["Name"] = options.Name
	if options.Description != "" {
		params["Description"] = options.Description
	}
	if options.NoReboot {
		params["NoReboot"] = "true"
	}
	addBlockDeviceParams("", params, options.BlockDevices)

	resp = &CreateImageResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Images returns details about available images.
// The ids and filter parameters, if provided, will limit the images returned.
// For example, to get all the private images associated with this account set
// the boolean filter "is-public" to 0.
// For list of filters: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-DescribeImages.html
//
// Note: calling this function with nil ids and filter parameters will result in
// a very large number of images being returned.
//
// See http://goo.gl/SRBhW for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) Images(ids []string, filter *Filter) (resp *ImagesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeImages")
	for i, id := range ids {
		params["ImageId."+strconv.Itoa(i+1)] = id
	}
	filter.addParams(params)

	resp = &ImagesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// ImagesByOwners returns details about available images.
// The ids, owners, and filter parameters, if provided, will limit the images returned.
// For example, to get all the private images associated with this account set
// the boolean filter "is-public" to 0.
// For list of filters: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-DescribeImages.html
//
// Note: calling this function with nil ids and filter parameters will result in
// a very large number of images being returned.
//
// See http://goo.gl/SRBhW for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) ImagesByOwners(ids []string, owners []string, filter *Filter) (resp *ImagesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeImages")
	for i, id := range ids {
		params["ImageId."+strconv.Itoa(i+1)] = id
	}
	for i, owner := range owners {
		params[fmt.Sprintf("Owner.%d", i+1)] = owner
	}

	filter.addParams(params)

	resp = &ImagesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// ImageAttribute describes an attribute of an AMI.
// You can specify only one attribute at a time.
// Valid attributes are:
//    description | kernel | ramdisk | launchPermission | productCodes | blockDeviceMapping
//
// See http://goo.gl/bHO3zT for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) ImageAttribute(imageId, attribute string) (resp *ImageAttributeResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeImageAttribute")
	params["ImageId"] = imageId
	params["Attribute"] = attribute

	resp = &ImageAttributeResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// ModifyImageAttribute sets attributes for an image.
//
// See http://goo.gl/YUjO4G for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) ModifyImageAttribute(imageId string, options *ModifyImageAttribute) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("ModifyImageAttribute")
	params["ImageId"] = imageId
	if options.Description != "" {
		params["Description.Value"] = options.Description
	}

	if options.AddUsers != nil {
		for i, user := range options.AddUsers {
			p := fmt.Sprintf("LaunchPermission.Add.%d.UserId", i+1)
			params[p] = user
		}
	}

	if options.RemoveUsers != nil {
		for i, user := range options.RemoveUsers {
			p := fmt.Sprintf("LaunchPermission.Remove.%d.UserId", i+1)
			params[p] = user
		}
	}

	if options.AddGroups != nil {
		for i, group := range options.AddGroups {
			p := fmt.Sprintf("LaunchPermission.Add.%d.Group", i+1)
			params[p] = group
		}
	}

	if options.RemoveGroups != nil {
		for i, group := range options.RemoveGroups {
			p := fmt.Sprintf("LaunchPermission.Remove.%d.Group", i+1)
			params[p] = group
		}
	}

	if options.ProductCodes != nil {
		addParamsList(params, "ProductCode", options.ProductCodes)
	}

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		resp = nil
	}

	return
}

// Registers a new AMI with EC2.
//
// See: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-RegisterImage.html
func (ec2 *EC2) RegisterImage(options *RegisterImage) (resp *RegisterImageResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("RegisterImage")
	params["Name"] = options.Name
	if options.ImageLocation != "" {
		params["ImageLocation"] = options.ImageLocation
	}

	if options.Description != "" {
		params["Description"] = options.Description
	}

	if options.Architecture != "" {
		params["Architecture"] = options.Architecture
	}

	if options.KernelId != "" {
		params["KernelId"] = options.KernelId
	}

	if options.RamdiskId != "" {
		params["RamdiskId"] = options.RamdiskId
	}

	if options.RootDeviceName != "" {
		params["RootDeviceName"] = options.RootDeviceName
	}

	if options.VirtType != "" {
		params["VirtualizationType"] = options.VirtType
	}

	if options.SriovNetSupport != "" {
		params["SriovNetSupport"] = "simple"
	}

	addBlockDeviceParams("", params, options.BlockDevices)

	resp = &RegisterImageResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Degisters an image. Note that this does not delete the backing stores of the AMI.
//
// See http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-DeregisterImage.html
func (ec2 *EC2) DeregisterImage(imageId string) (resp *DeregisterImageResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeregisterImage")
	params["ImageId"] = imageId

	resp = &DeregisterImageResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Copy and Image from one region to another.
//
// See http://goo.gl/hQwPCK for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) CopyImage(options *CopyImage) (resp *CopyImageResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CopyImage")

	if options.SourceRegion != "" {
		params["SourceRegion"] = options.SourceRegion
	}

	if options.SourceImageId != "" {
		params["SourceImageId"] = options.SourceImageId
	}

	if options.Name != "" {
		params["Name"] = options.Name
	}

	if options.Description != "" {
		params["Description"] = options.Description
	}

	if options.ClientToken != "" {
		params["ClientToken"] = options.ClientToken
	}

	resp = &CopyImageResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Response to a CreateSnapshot request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/ttcda for more details.
type CreateSnapshotResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	Snapshot
}

// CreateSnapshot creates a volume snapshot and stores it in S3.
//
// See http://goo.gl/ttcda for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateSnapshot(volumeId, description string) (resp *CreateSnapshotResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateSnapshot")
	params["VolumeId"] = volumeId
	params["Description"] = description

	resp = &CreateSnapshotResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// DeleteSnapshots deletes the volume snapshots with the given ids.
//
// Note: If you make periodic snapshots of a volume, the snapshots are
// incremental so that only the blocks on the device that have changed
// since your last snapshot are incrementally saved in the new snapshot.
// Even though snapshots are saved incrementally, the snapshot deletion
// process is designed so that you need to retain only the most recent
// snapshot in order to restore the volume.
//
// See http://goo.gl/vwU1y for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteSnapshots(ids []string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteSnapshot")
	for i, id := range ids {
		params["SnapshotId."+strconv.Itoa(i+1)] = id
	}

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Response to a DescribeSnapshots request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/nClDT for more details.
type SnapshotsResp struct {
	RequestId string     `xml:"requestId"`
	Snapshots []Snapshot `xml:"snapshotSet>item"`
}

// Snapshot represents details about a volume snapshot.
//
// See http://goo.gl/nkovs for more details.
type Snapshot struct {
	Id          string `xml:"snapshotId"`
	VolumeId    string `xml:"volumeId"`
	VolumeSize  string `xml:"volumeSize"`
	Status      string `xml:"status"`
	StartTime   string `xml:"startTime"`
	Description string `xml:"description"`
	Progress    string `xml:"progress"`
	OwnerId     string `xml:"ownerId"`
	OwnerAlias  string `xml:"ownerAlias"`
	Encrypted   bool   `xml:"encrypted"`
	Tags        []Tag  `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

// Snapshots returns details about volume snapshots available to the user.
// The ids and filter parameters, if provided, limit the snapshots returned.
//
// See http://goo.gl/ogJL4 for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) Snapshots(ids []string, filter *Filter) (resp *SnapshotsResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeSnapshots")
	for i, id := range ids {
		params["SnapshotId."+strconv.Itoa(i+1)] = id
	}
	filter.addParams(params)

	resp = &SnapshotsResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// KeyPair management functions and types.

type KeyPair struct {
	Name        string `xml:"keyName"`
	Fingerprint string `xml:"keyFingerprint"`
}

type KeyPairsResp struct {
	RequestId string    `xml:"requestId"`
	Keys      []KeyPair `xml:"keySet>item"`
}

type CreateKeyPairResp struct {
	RequestId      string `xml:"requestId"`
	KeyName        string `xml:"keyName"`
	KeyFingerprint string `xml:"keyFingerprint"`
	KeyMaterial    string `xml:"keyMaterial"`
}

type ImportKeyPairResponse struct {
	RequestId      string `xml:"requestId"`
	KeyName        string `xml:"keyName"`
	KeyFingerprint string `xml:"keyFingerprint"`
}

// CreateKeyPair creates a new key pair and returns the private key contents.
//
// See http://goo.gl/0S6hV
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateKeyPair(keyName string) (resp *CreateKeyPairResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateKeyPair")
	params["KeyName"] = keyName

	resp = &CreateKeyPairResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err == nil {
		resp.KeyFingerprint = strings.TrimSpace(resp.KeyFingerprint)
	}
	return
}

// DeleteKeyPair deletes a key pair.
//
// See http://goo.gl/0bqok
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteKeyPair(name string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteKeyPair")
	params["KeyName"] = name

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	return
}

// KeyPairs returns list of key pairs for this account
//
// See http://goo.gl/Apzsfz
func (ec2 *EC2) KeyPairs(keynames []string, filter *Filter) (resp *KeyPairsResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeKeyPairs")
	for i, name := range keynames {
		params["KeyName."+strconv.Itoa(i)] = name
	}
	filter.addParams(params)

	resp = &KeyPairsResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return resp, nil
}

// ImportKeyPair imports a key into AWS
//
// See http://goo.gl/NbZUvw
func (ec2 *EC2) ImportKeyPair(keyname string, key string) (resp *ImportKeyPairResponse, err error) {
	params := makeParams("ImportKeyPair")
	params["KeyName"] = keyname

	// Oddly, AWS requires the key material to be base64-encoded, even if it was
	// already encoded. So, we force another round of encoding...
	// c.f. https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!topic/boto-dev/IczrStO9Q8M
	params["PublicKeyMaterial"] = base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(key))

	resp = &ImportKeyPairResponse{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Security group management functions and types.

// SimpleResp represents a response to an EC2 request which on success will
// return no other information besides a request id.
type SimpleResp struct {
	XMLName   xml.Name
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
}

// CreateSecurityGroupResp represents a response to a CreateSecurityGroup request.
type CreateSecurityGroupResp struct {
	SecurityGroup
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
}

// CreateSecurityGroup run a CreateSecurityGroup request in EC2, with the provided
// name and description.
//
// See http://goo.gl/Eo7Yl for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateSecurityGroup(group SecurityGroup) (resp *CreateSecurityGroupResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateSecurityGroup")
	params["GroupName"] = group.Name
	params["GroupDescription"] = group.Description
	if group.VpcId != "" {
		params["VpcId"] = group.VpcId
	}

	resp = &CreateSecurityGroupResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	resp.Name = group.Name
	return resp, nil
}

// SecurityGroupsResp represents a response to a DescribeSecurityGroups
// request in EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/k12Uy for more details.
type SecurityGroupsResp struct {
	RequestId string              `xml:"requestId"`
	Groups    []SecurityGroupInfo `xml:"securityGroupInfo>item"`
}

// SecurityGroup encapsulates details for a security group in EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/CIdyP for more details.
type SecurityGroupInfo struct {
	SecurityGroup
	OwnerId     string   `xml:"ownerId"`
	Description string   `xml:"groupDescription"`
	IPPerms     []IPPerm `xml:"ipPermissions>item"`
}

// IPPerm represents an allowance within an EC2 security group.
//
// See http://goo.gl/4oTxv for more details.
type IPPerm struct {
	Protocol     string              `xml:"ipProtocol"`
	FromPort     int                 `xml:"fromPort"`
	ToPort       int                 `xml:"toPort"`
	SourceIPs    []string            `xml:"ipRanges>item>cidrIp"`
	SourceGroups []UserSecurityGroup `xml:"groups>item"`
}

// UserSecurityGroup holds a security group and the owner
// of that group.
type UserSecurityGroup struct {
	Id      string `xml:"groupId"`
	Name    string `xml:"groupName"`
	OwnerId string `xml:"userId"`
}

// SecurityGroup represents an EC2 security group.
// If SecurityGroup is used as a parameter, then one of Id or Name
// may be empty. If both are set, then Id is used.
type SecurityGroup struct {
	Id          string `xml:"groupId"`
	Name        string `xml:"groupName"`
	Description string `xml:"groupDescription"`
	VpcId       string `xml:"vpcId"`
}

// SecurityGroupNames is a convenience function that
// returns a slice of security groups with the given names.
func SecurityGroupNames(names ...string) []SecurityGroup {
	g := make([]SecurityGroup, len(names))
	for i, name := range names {
		g[i] = SecurityGroup{Name: name}
	}
	return g
}

// SecurityGroupNames is a convenience function that
// returns a slice of security groups with the given ids.
func SecurityGroupIds(ids ...string) []SecurityGroup {
	g := make([]SecurityGroup, len(ids))
	for i, id := range ids {
		g[i] = SecurityGroup{Id: id}
	}
	return g
}

// SecurityGroups returns details about security groups in EC2.  Both parameters
// are optional, and if provided will limit the security groups returned to those
// matching the given groups or filtering rules.
//
// See http://goo.gl/k12Uy for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) SecurityGroups(groups []SecurityGroup, filter *Filter) (resp *SecurityGroupsResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeSecurityGroups")
	i, j := 1, 1
	for _, g := range groups {
		if g.Id != "" {
			params["GroupId."+strconv.Itoa(i)] = g.Id
			i++
		} else {
			params["GroupName."+strconv.Itoa(j)] = g.Name
			j++
		}
	}
	filter.addParams(params)

	resp = &SecurityGroupsResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// DeleteSecurityGroup removes the given security group in EC2.
//
// See http://goo.gl/QJJDO for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteSecurityGroup(group SecurityGroup) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteSecurityGroup")
	if group.Id != "" {
		params["GroupId"] = group.Id
	} else {
		params["GroupName"] = group.Name
	}

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// AuthorizeSecurityGroup creates an allowance for clients matching the provided
// rules to access instances within the given security group.
//
// See http://goo.gl/u2sDJ for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) AuthorizeSecurityGroup(group SecurityGroup, perms []IPPerm) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	return ec2.authOrRevoke("AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress", group, perms)
}

// AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress creates an allowance for clients matching the provided
// rules for egress access.
//
// See http://goo.gl/UHnH4L for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress(group SecurityGroup, perms []IPPerm) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	return ec2.authOrRevoke("AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress", group, perms)
}

// RevokeSecurityGroup revokes permissions from a group.
//
// See http://goo.gl/ZgdxA for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) RevokeSecurityGroup(group SecurityGroup, perms []IPPerm) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	return ec2.authOrRevoke("RevokeSecurityGroupIngress", group, perms)
}

func (ec2 *EC2) authOrRevoke(op string, group SecurityGroup, perms []IPPerm) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams(op)
	if group.Id != "" {
		params["GroupId"] = group.Id
	} else {
		params["GroupName"] = group.Name
	}

	for i, perm := range perms {
		prefix := "IpPermissions." + strconv.Itoa(i+1)
		params[prefix+".IpProtocol"] = perm.Protocol
		params[prefix+".FromPort"] = strconv.Itoa(perm.FromPort)
		params[prefix+".ToPort"] = strconv.Itoa(perm.ToPort)
		for j, ip := range perm.SourceIPs {
			params[prefix+".IpRanges."+strconv.Itoa(j+1)+".CidrIp"] = ip
		}
		for j, g := range perm.SourceGroups {
			subprefix := prefix + ".Groups." + strconv.Itoa(j+1)
			if g.OwnerId != "" {
				params[subprefix+".UserId"] = g.OwnerId
			}
			if g.Id != "" {
				params[subprefix+".GroupId"] = g.Id
			} else {
				params[subprefix+".GroupName"] = g.Name
			}
		}
	}

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// ResourceTag represents key-value metadata used to classify and organize
// EC2 instances.
//
// See http://goo.gl/bncl3 for more details
type Tag struct {
	Key   string `xml:"key"`
	Value string `xml:"value"`
}

// CreateTags adds or overwrites one or more tags for the specified taggable resources.
// For a list of tagable resources, see: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/Using_Tags.html
//
// See http://goo.gl/Vmkqc for more details
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateTags(resourceIds []string, tags []Tag) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateTags")
	addParamsList(params, "ResourceId", resourceIds)

	for j, tag := range tags {
		params["Tag."+strconv.Itoa(j+1)+".Key"] = tag.Key
		params["Tag."+strconv.Itoa(j+1)+".Value"] = tag.Value
	}

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

type TagsResp struct {
	RequestId string        `xml:"requestId"`
	Tags      []ResourceTag `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

type ResourceTag struct {
	Tag
	ResourceId   string `xml:"resourceId"`
	ResourceType string `xml:"resourceType"`
}

func (ec2 *EC2) Tags(filter *Filter) (*TagsResp, error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeTags")
	filter.addParams(params)

	resp := &TagsResp{}
	if err := ec2.query(params, resp); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return resp, nil
}

// Response to a StartInstances request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/awKeF for more details.
type StartInstanceResp struct {
	RequestId    string                `xml:"requestId"`
	StateChanges []InstanceStateChange `xml:"instancesSet>item"`
}

// Response to a StopInstances request.
//
// See http://goo.gl/436dJ for more details.
type StopInstanceResp struct {
	RequestId    string                `xml:"requestId"`
	StateChanges []InstanceStateChange `xml:"instancesSet>item"`
}

// StartInstances starts an Amazon EBS-backed AMI that you've previously stopped.
//
// See http://goo.gl/awKeF for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) StartInstances(ids ...string) (resp *StartInstanceResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("StartInstances")
	addParamsList(params, "InstanceId", ids)
	resp = &StartInstanceResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// StopInstances requests stopping one or more Amazon EBS-backed instances.
//
// See http://goo.gl/436dJ for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) StopInstances(ids ...string) (resp *StopInstanceResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("StopInstances")
	addParamsList(params, "InstanceId", ids)
	resp = &StopInstanceResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// RebootInstance requests a reboot of one or more instances. This operation is asynchronous;
// it only queues a request to reboot the specified instance(s). The operation will succeed
// if the instances are valid and belong to you.
//
// Requests to reboot terminated instances are ignored.
//
// See http://goo.gl/baoUf for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) RebootInstances(ids ...string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("RebootInstances")
	addParamsList(params, "InstanceId", ids)
	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// The ModifyInstanceAttribute request parameters.
type ModifyInstance struct {
	InstanceType          string
	BlockDevices          []BlockDeviceMapping
	DisableAPITermination bool
	EbsOptimized          bool
	SecurityGroups        []SecurityGroup
	ShutdownBehavior      string
	KernelId              string
	RamdiskId             string
	SourceDestCheck       bool
	SriovNetSupport       bool
	UserData              []byte

	SetSourceDestCheck bool
}

// Response to a ModifyInstanceAttribute request.
//
// http://goo.gl/icuXh5 for more details.
type ModifyInstanceResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	Return    bool   `xml:"return"`
}

// ModifyImageAttribute modifies the specified attribute of the specified instance.
// You can specify only one attribute at a time. To modify some attributes, the
// instance must be stopped.
//
// See http://goo.gl/icuXh5 for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) ModifyInstance(instId string, options *ModifyInstance) (resp *ModifyInstanceResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("ModifyInstanceAttribute")
	params["InstanceId"] = instId
	addBlockDeviceParams("", params, options.BlockDevices)

	if options.InstanceType != "" {
		params["InstanceType.Value"] = options.InstanceType
	}

	if options.DisableAPITermination {
		params["DisableApiTermination.Value"] = "true"
	}

	if options.EbsOptimized {
		params["EbsOptimized"] = "true"
	}

	if options.ShutdownBehavior != "" {
		params["InstanceInitiatedShutdownBehavior.Value"] = options.ShutdownBehavior
	}

	if options.KernelId != "" {
		params["Kernel.Value"] = options.KernelId
	}

	if options.RamdiskId != "" {
		params["Ramdisk.Value"] = options.RamdiskId
	}

	if options.SourceDestCheck || options.SetSourceDestCheck {
		if options.SourceDestCheck {
			params["SourceDestCheck.Value"] = "true"
		} else {
			params["SourceDestCheck.Value"] = "false"
		}
	}

	if options.SriovNetSupport {
		params["SriovNetSupport.Value"] = "simple"
	}

	if options.UserData != nil {
		userData := make([]byte, b64.EncodedLen(len(options.UserData)))
		b64.Encode(userData, options.UserData)
		params["UserData"] = string(userData)
	}

	i := 1
	for _, g := range options.SecurityGroups {
		if g.Id != "" {
			params["GroupId."+strconv.Itoa(i)] = g.Id
			i++
		}
	}

	resp = &ModifyInstanceResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		resp = nil
	}
	return
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// VPC management functions and types.

// The CreateVpc request parameters
//
// See http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-CreateVpc.html
type CreateVpc struct {
	CidrBlock       string
	InstanceTenancy string
}

// Response to a CreateVpc request
type CreateVpcResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	VPC       VPC    `xml:"vpc"`
}

// The ModifyVpcAttribute request parameters.
//
// See http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/index.html?ApiReference-query-DescribeVpcAttribute.html for more details.
type ModifyVpcAttribute struct {
	EnableDnsSupport   bool
	EnableDnsHostnames bool

	SetEnableDnsSupport   bool
	SetEnableDnsHostnames bool
}

// Response to a DescribeVpcAttribute request.
//
// See http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/index.html?ApiReference-query-DescribeVpcAttribute.html for more details.
type VpcAttributeResp struct {
	RequestId          string `xml:"requestId"`
	VpcId              string `xml:"vpcId"`
	EnableDnsSupport   bool   `xml:"enableDnsSupport>value"`
	EnableDnsHostnames bool   `xml:"enableDnsHostnames>value"`
}

// CreateInternetGateway request parameters.
//
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-CreateInternetGateway.html
type CreateInternetGateway struct{}

// CreateInternetGateway response
type CreateInternetGatewayResp struct {
	RequestId       string          `xml:"requestId"`
	InternetGateway InternetGateway `xml:"internetGateway"`
}

// The CreateRouteTable request parameters.
//
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-CreateRouteTable.html
type CreateRouteTable struct {
	VpcId string
}

// Response to a CreateRouteTable request.
type CreateRouteTableResp struct {
	RequestId  string     `xml:"requestId"`
	RouteTable RouteTable `xml:"routeTable"`
}

// CreateRoute request parameters
//
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-CreateRoute.html
type CreateRoute struct {
	RouteTableId           string
	DestinationCidrBlock   string
	GatewayId              string
	InstanceId             string
	NetworkInterfaceId     string
	VpcPeeringConnectionId string
}
type ReplaceRoute struct {
	RouteTableId           string
	DestinationCidrBlock   string
	GatewayId              string
	InstanceId             string
	NetworkInterfaceId     string
	VpcPeeringConnectionId string
}

type AssociateRouteTableResp struct {
	RequestId     string `xml:"requestId"`
	AssociationId string `xml:"associationId"`
}
type ReassociateRouteTableResp struct {
	RequestId     string `xml:"requestId"`
	AssociationId string `xml:"newAssociationId"`
}

// The CreateSubnet request parameters
//
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-CreateSubnet.html
type CreateSubnet struct {
	VpcId            string
	CidrBlock        string
	AvailabilityZone string
}

// Response to a CreateSubnet request
type CreateSubnetResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	Subnet    Subnet `xml:"subnet"`
}

// Response to a DescribeInternetGateways request.
type InternetGatewaysResp struct {
	RequestId        string            `xml:"requestId"`
	InternetGateways []InternetGateway `xml:"internetGatewaySet>item"`
}

// Response to a DescribeRouteTables request.
type RouteTablesResp struct {
	RequestId   string       `xml:"requestId"`
	RouteTables []RouteTable `xml:"routeTableSet>item"`
}

// Response to a DescribeVpcs request.
type VpcsResp struct {
	RequestId string `xml:"requestId"`
	VPCs      []VPC  `xml:"vpcSet>item"`
}

// Internet Gateway
type InternetGateway struct {
	InternetGatewayId string                      `xml:"internetGatewayId"`
	Attachments       []InternetGatewayAttachment `xml:"attachmentSet>item"`
	Tags              []Tag                       `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

type InternetGatewayAttachment struct {
	VpcId string `xml:"vpcId"`
	State string `xml:"state"`
}

// Routing Table
type RouteTable struct {
	RouteTableId string                  `xml:"routeTableId"`
	VpcId        string                  `xml:"vpcId"`
	Associations []RouteTableAssociation `xml:"associationSet>item"`
	Routes       []Route                 `xml:"routeSet>item"`
	Tags         []Tag                   `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

type RouteTableAssociation struct {
	AssociationId string `xml:"routeTableAssociationId"`
	RouteTableId  string `xml:"routeTableId"`
	SubnetId      string `xml:"subnetId"`
	Main          bool   `xml:"main"`
}

type Route struct {
	DestinationCidrBlock   string `xml:"destinationCidrBlock"`
	GatewayId              string `xml:"gatewayId"`
	InstanceId             string `xml:"instanceId"`
	InstanceOwnerId        string `xml:"instanceOwnerId"`
	NetworkInterfaceId     string `xml:"networkInterfaceId"`
	State                  string `xml:"state"`
	Origin                 string `xml:"origin"`
	VpcPeeringConnectionId string `xml:"vpcPeeringConnectionId"`
}

// Subnet
type Subnet struct {
	SubnetId                string `xml:"subnetId"`
	State                   string `xml:"state"`
	VpcId                   string `xml:"vpcId"`
	CidrBlock               string `xml:"cidrBlock"`
	AvailableIpAddressCount int    `xml:"availableIpAddressCount"`
	AvailabilityZone        string `xml:"availabilityZone"`
	DefaultForAZ            bool   `xml:"defaultForAz"`
	MapPublicIpOnLaunch     bool   `xml:"mapPublicIpOnLaunch"`
	Tags                    []Tag  `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

// VPC represents a single VPC.
type VPC struct {
	VpcId           string `xml:"vpcId"`
	State           string `xml:"state"`
	CidrBlock       string `xml:"cidrBlock"`
	DHCPOptionsID   string `xml:"dhcpOptionsId"`
	InstanceTenancy string `xml:"instanceTenancy"`
	IsDefault       bool   `xml:"isDefault"`
	Tags            []Tag  `xml:"tagSet>item"`
}

// Response to a DescribeSubnets request.
type SubnetsResp struct {
	RequestId string   `xml:"requestId"`
	Subnets   []Subnet `xml:"subnetSet>item"`
}

// Create a new VPC.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateVpc(options *CreateVpc) (resp *CreateVpcResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateVpc")
	params["CidrBlock"] = options.CidrBlock

	if options.InstanceTenancy != "" {
		params["InstanceTenancy"] = options.InstanceTenancy
	}

	resp = &CreateVpcResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Delete a VPC.
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteVpc(id string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteVpc")
	params["VpcId"] = id

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// DescribeVpcs
//
// See http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-DescribeVpcs.html
func (ec2 *EC2) DescribeVpcs(ids []string, filter *Filter) (resp *VpcsResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeVpcs")
	addParamsList(params, "VpcId", ids)
	filter.addParams(params)
	resp = &VpcsResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// VpcAttribute describes an attribute of a VPC.
// You can specify only one attribute at a time.
// Valid attributes are:
//    enableDnsSupport | enableDnsHostnames
//
// See http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/index.html?ApiReference-query-DescribeVpcAttribute.html for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) VpcAttribute(vpcId, attribute string) (resp *VpcAttributeResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeVpcAttribute")
	params["VpcId"] = vpcId
	params["Attribute"] = attribute

	resp = &VpcAttributeResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// ModifyVpcAttribute modifies the specified attribute of the specified VPC.
//
// See http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/index.html?ApiReference-query-ModifyVpcAttribute.html for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) ModifyVpcAttribute(vpcId string, options *ModifyVpcAttribute) (*SimpleResp, error) {
	params := makeParams("ModifyVpcAttribute")

	params["VpcId"] = vpcId

	if options.SetEnableDnsSupport {
		params["EnableDnsSupport.Value"] = strconv.FormatBool(options.EnableDnsSupport)
	}

	if options.SetEnableDnsHostnames {
		params["EnableDnsHostnames.Value"] = strconv.FormatBool(options.EnableDnsHostnames)
	}

	resp := &SimpleResp{}
	if err := ec2.query(params, resp); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return resp, nil
}

// Create a new subnet.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateSubnet(options *CreateSubnet) (resp *CreateSubnetResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateSubnet")
	params["AvailabilityZone"] = options.AvailabilityZone
	params["CidrBlock"] = options.CidrBlock
	params["VpcId"] = options.VpcId

	resp = &CreateSubnetResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Delete a Subnet.
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteSubnet(id string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteSubnet")
	params["SubnetId"] = id

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// DescribeSubnets
//
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-DescribeSubnets.html
func (ec2 *EC2) DescribeSubnets(ids []string, filter *Filter) (resp *SubnetsResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeSubnets")
	addParamsList(params, "SubnetId", ids)
	filter.addParams(params)

	resp = &SubnetsResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Create a new internet gateway.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateInternetGateway(
	options *CreateInternetGateway) (resp *CreateInternetGatewayResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateInternetGateway")

	resp = &CreateInternetGatewayResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Attach an InternetGateway.
func (ec2 *EC2) AttachInternetGateway(id, vpcId string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("AttachInternetGateway")
	params["InternetGatewayId"] = id
	params["VpcId"] = vpcId

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Detach an InternetGateway.
func (ec2 *EC2) DetachInternetGateway(id, vpcId string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DetachInternetGateway")
	params["InternetGatewayId"] = id
	params["VpcId"] = vpcId

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Delete an InternetGateway.
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteInternetGateway(id string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteInternetGateway")
	params["InternetGatewayId"] = id

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// DescribeInternetGateways
//
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-DescribeInternetGateways.html
func (ec2 *EC2) DescribeInternetGateways(ids []string, filter *Filter) (resp *InternetGatewaysResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeInternetGateways")
	addParamsList(params, "InternetGatewayId", ids)
	filter.addParams(params)

	resp = &InternetGatewaysResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Create a new routing table.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateRouteTable(
	options *CreateRouteTable) (resp *CreateRouteTableResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateRouteTable")
	params["VpcId"] = options.VpcId

	resp = &CreateRouteTableResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Delete a RouteTable.
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteRouteTable(id string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteRouteTable")
	params["RouteTableId"] = id

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// DescribeRouteTables
//
// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference-query-DescribeRouteTables.html
func (ec2 *EC2) DescribeRouteTables(ids []string, filter *Filter) (resp *RouteTablesResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DescribeRouteTables")
	addParamsList(params, "RouteTableId", ids)
	filter.addParams(params)

	resp = &RouteTablesResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return
}

// Associate a routing table.
func (ec2 *EC2) AssociateRouteTable(id, subnetId string) (*AssociateRouteTableResp, error) {
	params := makeParams("AssociateRouteTable")
	params["RouteTableId"] = id
	params["SubnetId"] = subnetId

	resp := &AssociateRouteTableResp{}
	err := ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// Disassociate a routing table.
func (ec2 *EC2) DisassociateRouteTable(id string) (*SimpleResp, error) {
	params := makeParams("DisassociateRouteTable")
	params["AssociationId"] = id

	resp := &SimpleResp{}
	err := ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// Re-associate a routing table.
func (ec2 *EC2) ReassociateRouteTable(id, routeTableId string) (*ReassociateRouteTableResp, error) {
	params := makeParams("ReplaceRouteTableAssociation")
	params["AssociationId"] = id
	params["RouteTableId"] = routeTableId

	resp := &ReassociateRouteTableResp{}
	err := ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// Create a new route.
func (ec2 *EC2) CreateRoute(options *CreateRoute) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("CreateRoute")
	params["RouteTableId"] = options.RouteTableId
	params["DestinationCidrBlock"] = options.DestinationCidrBlock

	if v := options.GatewayId; v != "" {
		params["GatewayId"] = v
	}
	if v := options.InstanceId; v != "" {
		params["InstanceId"] = v
	}
	if v := options.NetworkInterfaceId; v != "" {
		params["NetworkInterfaceId"] = v
	}
	if v := options.VpcPeeringConnectionId; v != "" {
		params["VpcPeeringConnectionId"] = v
	}

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Delete a Route.
func (ec2 *EC2) DeleteRoute(routeTableId, cidr string) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("DeleteRoute")
	params["RouteTableId"] = routeTableId
	params["DestinationCidrBlock"] = cidr

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// Replace a new route.
func (ec2 *EC2) ReplaceRoute(options *ReplaceRoute) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("ReplaceRoute")
	params["RouteTableId"] = options.RouteTableId
	params["DestinationCidrBlock"] = options.DestinationCidrBlock

	if v := options.GatewayId; v != "" {
		params["GatewayId"] = v
	}
	if v := options.InstanceId; v != "" {
		params["InstanceId"] = v
	}
	if v := options.NetworkInterfaceId; v != "" {
		params["NetworkInterfaceId"] = v
	}
	if v := options.VpcPeeringConnectionId; v != "" {
		params["VpcPeeringConnectionId"] = v
	}

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}

// The ResetImageAttribute request parameters.
type ResetImageAttribute struct {
	Attribute string
}

// ResetImageAttribute resets an attribute of an AMI to its default value.
//
// http://goo.gl/r6ZCPm for more details.
func (ec2 *EC2) ResetImageAttribute(imageId string, options *ResetImageAttribute) (resp *SimpleResp, err error) {
	params := makeParams("ResetImageAttribute")
	params["ImageId"] = imageId

	if options.Attribute != "" {
		params["Attribute"] = options.Attribute
	}

	resp = &SimpleResp{}
	err = ec2.query(params, resp)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return
}