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v6.12.0

zcashd release version 6.12.0

Notable changes
===============

Fix to Sprout transaction verification logic
--------------------------------------------

A vulnerability was identified in zcashd that could have allowed invalid
transactions to be accepted under certain conditions, which potentially could
have resulted in the draining of user funds from the old, deprecated Sprout
pool.

The patch fixing this bug, corresponding to
https://github.com/zcash/zcash/commit/db969c63f48f0f9fc518112ed0b7ace1af78b9d0,
has been deployed by mining pools that comprise a supermajority of the
hashpower at the time of this writing, preventing the bug from being exploited.
The bug was not exploited, and all user funds are safe, including funds held in
the Sprout pool. You can verify this by running Zebra or this latest release of
zcashd (v6.12.0). Each of those implementations verify that only valid
transactions have been added to the Zcash blockchain, proving that the bug was
not exploited before it was fixed.

The vulnerability was reported privately by white-hat security researcher Alex
“Scalar” Sol and handled through coordinated disclosure by Shielded Labs and
Zcash Open Development Lab (ZODL) engineers, in coordination with mining pools.

Importantly, this bug, and bugs like this one, could not have been used to
inflate the overall supply of ZEC. Zcash implements “turnstiles” between value
pools (the transparent pool, the old deprecated Sprout pool, the Sapling pool,
and the current Orchard pool), which serve as “blast doors” limiting the blast
radius of a possible exploit. The Sprout turnstile limits the amount of ZEC
that can come out of the Sprout pool, preventing inflation of the total supply
of ZEC, and protecting users who store their ZEC in the other value pools from
being impacted by this bug or bugs like it.

This bug could not have been used to violate the privacy of Zcash users. Zcash
user privacy is protected by end-to-end-encryption between the user’s wallets,
and the behavior of the Zcash miners and full nodes—even if there is a bug in
their code—cannot violate user privacy.

Removed the P2P network alert system
------------------------------------

`zcashd` will no longer respond to alert messages from the P2P network.
The `-alerts` config option has been removed and will be ignored. This
ensures that, if any party were to maintain a zcashd fork, none of the
original developers or associated organizations (including ECC and ZODL)
will hold keys that could affect nodes running such a fork.

This leaves intact alerting for end-of-service and detected chain forks,
and the `-alertnotify` functionality.

Faster Sprout-to-Sapling migration
----------------------------------

The Sprout-to-Sapling migration tool added in `zcashd` 2.0.5 was designed to
slowly migrate funds between the two shielded pools over time in a way that
minimised linkability. In the seven years since then, the balance of the Sprout
pool has gradually decreased, and migration transactions are much less common
now than they were, in part because the original migration parameters specified
in ZIP 308 were very conservative.

With the original parameters, up to 5 migration transactions would be created
every 500 blocks, with an average migrated amount of 5 ZEC per transaction
(50 * 10^7 zatoshis). There is currently about 25k ZEC remaining in the Sprout
pool; if controlled by a single `zcashd` node, this would take around 500,000
blocks to migrate, or around 434 days.

This release updates the parameters of the migration tool to significantly
increase the migration speed, and thus requiring the user to run `zcashd` for a
shorter length of time. With these new parameters, the 5 migration transactions
are created every 100 blocks, with an average migrated amount of 500 ZEC per
transaction (50 * 10^9 zatoshis) if the remaining balance is greater than 1 ZEC.
The 25k ZEC in the Sprout pool (if controlled by a single `zcashd` node) would
instead take around 1000 blocks to migrate, or around 21 hours.

5145b85

2026-03-28 07:27

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v6.11.0

86451a1

2026-01-09 04:02

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v6.10.0

385c6d9

2025-10-03 03:18

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v6.3.0

zcashd release version 6.3.0

Notable changes
===============

Network Upgrade 6.1
-------------------

The code preparations for the Network Upgrade 6.1 consensus rules are finished and
included in this release. The following ZIPs are being deployed:

- [ZIP 271: Deferred Dev Fund Lockbox Disbursement](https://zips.z.cash/zip-0271)
- [ZIP 1016: Community and Coinholder Funding Model](https://zips.z.cash/zip-1016) (partially)

NU6.1 will activate on testnet at height **3,536,500**, and can also be activated
at a specific height in regtest mode by setting the config option
`-nuparams=4dec4df0:HEIGHT`.

As with previous network upgrades, it is possible that backwards-incompatible
changes might be made to the consensus rules in this testing phase, prior to
setting the mainnet activation height. In the event that this happens, testnet
will be rolled back in v6.10.0 and a second testnet activation will occur.

See [ZIP 255](https://zips.z.cash/zip-0255) for additional information about the
deployment process for NU6.1.

Fixed Orchard bug in transparent balance APIs
---------------------------------------------

Several RPC methods inherited from Bitcoin Core internally rely on
`CWalletTx::IsFromMe` for detecting involvement of the wallet in the input
side of a transaction. For example:
- The `getbalance` RPC method uses it as part of identifying "trusted"
  zero-confirmation transactions to include in the balance calculation.
- The `gettransaction` RPC method uses it to decide whether to include a
  `fee` field in its response.

When Orchard was integrated into `zcashd`, this method was not updated to
account for it, meaning that unshielding transactions spending Orchard notes
would not be correctly accounted for in transparent-specific RPC methods. A
similar bug involving Sprout and Sapling spends was fixed in v4.5.1.

Updates to default values
-------------------------

- The default for the `-preferredtxversion` config option has been changed from
  `4` (the v4 transaction format introduced in the 2018 Sapling Network Upgrade)
  to `5` (the v5 transaction format introduced in the 2022 NU5 Network Upgrade).
  Use `-preferredtxversion=4` to retain the previous behaviour.

2e2633e

2025-08-01 05:52

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v6.3.0-rc1

ee738a7

2025-07-31 07:14

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v6.2.0

Release v6.2.0

Notable changes
===============

zcashd is being deprecated in 2025. Full nodes are being migrated to zebrad,
and the Zallet wallet is being built as a replacement for the zcashd wallet.

For some of zcashd's JSON-RPC methods, zebrad or Zallet should be a drop-in
replacement. Other JSON-RPC methods may require modified usage, and some
JSON-RPC methods will not be supported.

You can find all information about the zcashd deprecation process on this
webpage, which you can monitor for future updates:
<https://z.cash/support/zcashd-deprecation/>

We are collecting information about how zcashd users are currently using the
existing JSON-RPC methods. The above webpage has a link to a spreadsheet
containing the information we have collected so far, and the planned status
for each JSON-RPC method based on that information. If you have not provided
feedback to us about how you are using the zcashd JSON-RPC interface, please
do so as soon as possible.

To confirm that you are aware that zcashd is being deprecated and that you
will need to migrate to zebrad and/or Zallet in 2025, add the following
option to your config file:

i-am-aware-zcashd-will-be-replaced-by-zebrad-and-zallet-in-2025=1

Platform Support
----------------

- Ubuntu 20.04 LTS has been removed from the list of supported platforms. It
  will reach End of Support on May 31st 2025, but it no longer satisfies our
  Tier 2 policy requirements because GitHub no longer supports Ubuntu 20.04
  runners.

RPC Changes
-----------

* The RPC methods `keypoolrefill`, `settxfee`, `createrawtransaction`,
  `fundrawtransaction`, and `signrawtransaction` have been deprecated, but
  are still enabled by default.
* The RPC methods `z_getbalance` (which was previously deprecated), and
  `getnetworkhashps`, and the features `deprecationinfo_deprecationheight`
  and `gbt_oldhashes`, have been disabled by default. The `addrtype` feature
  is now disabled by default even when zcashd is compiled without the
  `ENABLE_WALLET` flag.

654a8be

2025-04-17 06:59

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v6.2.0-rc1

99557f8

2025-04-11 04:28

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v6.1.0

3c3c6ae

2025-01-03 03:25

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v6.0.0

zcashd release version 6.0.0

Notable changes
===============

The mainnet activation of the NU6 network upgrade is supported by the 6.0.0
release, with an activation height of 2726400, which should occur on
approximately November 23, 2024. Please upgrade to this release, or any
subsequent release, in order to follow the NU6 network upgrade.

The following ZIPs are being deployed, or have been updated, as part of this upgrade:

* [ZIP 207: Funding Streams (updated)](https://zips.z.cash/zip-0207)
* [ZIP 214: Consensus rules for a Zcash Development Fund (updated)](https://zips.z.cash/zip-0214)
* [ZIP 236: Blocks should balance exactly](https://zips.z.cash/zip-0236)
* [ZIP 253: Deployment of the NU6 Network Upgrade](https://zips.z.cash/zip-0253)
* [ZIP 1015: Block Reward Allocation for Non-Direct Development Funding](https://zips.z.cash/zip-1015)
* [ZIP 2001: Lockbox Funding Streams](https://zips.z.cash/zip-2001)

In order to help the ecosystem prepare for the mainnet activation, NU6 has
already been activated on the Zcash testnet. Any node version 5.10.0 or higher,
including this release, supports the NU6 activation on testnet.

Mining
------

- The default setting of `-blockunpaidactionlimit` is now zero, which has
  the effect of no longer allowing "unpaid actions" in [block production].
  This adapts to current network conditions. If you have overridden this
  setting as a miner, we recommend removing the override. This configuration
  option may be removed entirely in a future release.

[block production]: https://zips.z.cash/zip-0317#block-production

Platform Support
----------------

- Windows builds have been fixed.

c61e547

2024-10-04 20:19

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v6.0.0-rc1

c3c5fd5

2024-09-28 03:51

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v5.10.0

Zcashd release version 5.10.0

Notable changes
===============

Network Upgrade
---------------

- This release includes support for NU6 on Testnet. A further upgrade will be
  needed for NU6 on Mainnet.

RPC Changes
-----------

- A bug in parameter handling has been fixed for the `getaddresstxids` and
  `getaddressdeltas` RPC methods. Previously, leaving the end height unset
  would cause the start height to be set to zero and therefore ignored.
  The end height is now also automatically bounded to the chain tip; passing
  an end height greater than the chain tip height no longer results in an
  error; values up to and including the chain tip are returned instead.

Platform Support
----------------

- Debian 10 (Buster) has been removed from the list of supported platforms.
  It reached EoL on June 30th 2024, and does not satisfy our Tier 2 policy
  requirements.

Other
-----

- The `zcash-inspect` tool (which was never distributed, and was present in this
  repository for debugging purposes) has been moved to the `devtools` subfolder
  of the https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash repository.

Fixes
-----

- Security fixes for vulnerabilities disclosed in
  https://bitcoincore.org/en/2024/07/03/disclose-orphan-dos/
  and https://bitcoincore.org/en/2024/07/03/disclose-inv-buffer-blowup/ have
  been backported to `zcashd`.

fefd623

2024-08-28 01:05

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v5.10.0-rc1

7bd58dc

2024-08-22 22:58

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v5.9.1

56c58f6

2024-05-24 02:56

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v5.9.1-rc1

ec418e1

2024-05-23 00:36

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v5.9.0

1408e23

2024-04-20 02:30

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v5.9.0-rc1

0db3fc3

2024-04-18 06:49

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v5.8.0

14c3355

2024-01-03 03:19

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v5.8.0-rc1

7ed2ff0

2023-12-22 00:56

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v5.7.0

Zcashd release version 5.7.0

Notable changes
===============

Deprecation of `fetch-params.sh`
--------------------------------

The `fetch-params.sh` script (also `zcash-fetch-params`) is now deprecated. The
`zcashd` binary now bundles zk-SNARK parameters directly and so parameters do not
need to be downloaded or stored separately. The script will now do nothing but
state that it is deprecated; it will be removed in a future release.

Previously, parameters were stored by default in these locations:

* `~/.zcash-params` (on Linux); or
* `~/Library/Application Support/ZcashParams` (on Mac); or
* `C:\Users\Username\AppData\Roaming\ZcashParams` (on Windows)

Unless you need to generate transactions using the deprecated Sprout shielded
pool, you can delete the parameter files stored in these directories to save
space as they are no longer read or used by `zcashd`. If you do wish to use the
Sprout pool, you will need the `sprout-groth16.params` file in the
aforementioned directory. This file is currently available for download
[here](https://download.z.cash/downloads/sprout-groth16.params).

Mempool metrics
---------------

`zcashd` now reports the following new metrics when `-prometheusport` is set:

- (gauge) `zcash.mempool.actions.unpaid { "bk" = ["< 0.2", "< 0.4", "< 0.6", "< 0.8", "< 1"] }`
- (gauge) `zcash.mempool.actions.paid`
- (gauge) `zcash.mempool.size.weighted { "bk" = ["< 1", "1", "> 1", "> 2", "> 3"] }`

The `zcash.mempool.actions` metrics count the number of [logical actions] across
the transactions in the mempool, while `zcash.mempool.size.weighted` is a
weight-bucketed version of the `zcash.mempool.size.bytes` metric.

The [ZIP 317 weight ratio][weight_ratio] of a transaction is used to bucket its
logical actions and byte size. A weight ratio of at least 1 means that the
transaction's fee is at least the ZIP 317 conventional fee, and all of its
logical actions are considered "paid". A weight ratio lower than 1 corresponds
to the fraction of the transaction's logical actions that are "paid". The
remaining fraction (i.e. 1 - weight ratio) are subject to the unpaid action
limit that miners configure for their blocks with `-blockunpaidactionlimit`.

[logical actions]: https://zips.z.cash/zip-0317#fee-calculation
[weight_ratio]: https://zips.z.cash/zip-0317#recommended-algorithm-for-block-template-construction

e085714

2023-09-29 02:22

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v5.7.0-rc1

e07d2f6

2023-09-23 04:31

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