Hive集群搭建及操作

• 在Hive中：表对应HDFS的目录（或文件夹）；表中的数据对应HDFS的文件。

一、上传

• 获得apache-hive-0.13.0-bin.tar.gz

• 上传

二、安装Hive（Hive只在一个节点上安装即可）

• 解压apache-hive-0.13.0-bin.tar.gz

  tar -zxvf apache-hive-0.13.0-bin.tar.gz -C /softWare/

• 修改配置文件

  • 将hive添加到环境变量中

    cd /etc/
    export HIVE_HOME=/softWare/apache-hive-0.13.0-bin
    export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin

  • 修改hive-default.xml.template为hive-site.xml

    cd /softWare/apache-hive-0.13.0-bin/conf
    mv hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml

  • 修改hive-site.xml文件

    <property>
       <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
       <value>jdbc:mysql://hadoop05:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
       <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
     </property>
    
     <property>
       <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
       <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
       <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
     </property>
    
     <property>
       <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
       <value>root</value>
       <description>username to use against metastore database</description>
     </property>
    
     <property>
       <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
       <value>root</value>
       <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
     </property>

  • 将数据库连接驱动拷贝到/softWare/apache-hive-0.13.0-bin/lib里

    • mysql-connector-5.1.8.jar

• mysql授权

  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON hive.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  
  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

  -------------------------------------操作---------------------------------------------------

  [root@hadoop05 mysql]# mysql -u root -proot
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 9
    Server version: 5.1.73 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
  
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
  
  mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql>

三、启动hive

  cd /softWare/apache-hive-0.13.0-bin/bin
  ./hive

-----------------操作------------------------

  [root@hadoop03 bin]# ./hive
  18/07/29 17:36:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.reduce.tasks is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.reduces
  18/07/29 17:36:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.min.split.size is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.input.fileinputformat.split.minsize
  18/07/29 17:36:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.reduce.tasks.speculative.execution is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.reduce.speculative
  18/07/29 17:36:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.min.split.size.per.node is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.input.fileinputformat.split.minsize.per.node
  18/07/29 17:36:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.input.dir.recursive is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.input.fileinputformat.input.dir.recursive
  18/07/29 17:36:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.min.split.size.per.rack is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.input.fileinputformat.split.minsize.per.rack
  18/07/29 17:36:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.max.split.size is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.input.fileinputformat.split.maxsize
  18/07/29 17:36:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.committer.job.setup.cleanup.needed is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.committer.setup.cleanup.needed

  Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/softWare/apache-hive-0.13.0-bin/lib/hive-common-0.13.0.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
  hive> 

四、使用hive（表描述在hive数据库的TBLS表中，表中的字段在COLUMNS_V2表中，表的id在CDS表中，存储HDFS上的路径在SDS表中）

• 建表(默认是内部表)

  hive> create table heros (id bigint,name string,age int,height double) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';
  OK
  Time taken: 0.992 seconds

• 查看有哪些表

  hive> show tables;
  OK
  heros
  Time taken: 0.117 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

• 查看建表信息

  hive> show create table heros;
  OK
  CREATE  TABLE `heros`(
    `id` bigint, 
    `name` string, 
    `age` int, 
    `height` double)
  ROW FORMAT DELIMITED 
    FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' 
  STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
    'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
  OUTPUTFORMAT 
    'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
  LOCATION
    'hdfs://ns1/user/hive/warehouse/heros'
  TBLPROPERTIES (
    'transient_lastDdlTime'='1532911433')
  Time taken: 0.211 seconds, Fetched: 15 row(s)