def rect_area(width,height):
    area=width*height
    return area
r_area=rect_area(320,480)
print("{0}*{1}长方形的面积：{2:.2f}".format(320,480,r_area))
r_area=rect_area(width=320,height=480)
print("{0}*{1}长方形的面积：{2:.2f}".format(320,480,r_area))
r_area=rect_area(height=480,width=320)
print("{0}*{1}长方形的面积：{2:.2f}".format(320,480,r_area))#实参不再受形参顺序限制

def make_coffee(name="卡布奇诺"):#卡布奇诺为默认值
    return "制作一杯{0}咖啡。".format(name)
coffee1=make_coffee("拿铁")
coffee2=make_coffee()#没有提供参数，使用默认值
print(coffee1)
print(coffee2)

def sum(*numbers):#可变参数
    total=0.0
    for number in numbers:
        total+=number
    return total
print(sum(100.0,20.0,30.0))
print(sum(30.0,80.0))

def show_info(**info):
    print('------show_info--------')
    for key,value in info.items():
        print('{0}-{1}'.format(key,value))
show_info(name='tony',age=18,sex=True)
show_info(student_name='tony',student_no='1000')

x=20
def print_value():
    x=10
    print("函数中x={0}".format(x))
print_value()
print("全局变量x={0}".format(x))

x=20
def print_value():
    global x # 将x变量提升为全局变量
    x=10
    print("函数中x={0}".format(x))

print_value()
print("全局变量x={0}".format(x))

def add(a,b):
    return a+b

def sub(a,b):
    return a-b
def calc(opr):
    if opr=='+':
        return add
    else:
        return sub
f1=calc('+')
f2=calc('-')
print("10+5={0}".format(f1(10,5)))
print("10-5={0}".format(f2(10,5)))
def f1(x):
    return x>50
data1=[66,15,91,28,98,50,7,80,99]
filtered=filter(f1,data1)
data2=list(filtered)
print(data2)
def f2(x):
    return x*2
data1=[66,15,91,28,98,50,7,80,99]
mapped=map(f2,data1)
data2=list(mapped)
print(data2)
def calc(opr):
    if opr=='+':
        return lambda a,b:(a+b)
    else:
        return lambda a,b:(a-b)
f1=calc('+')
f2=calc('-')
print("10+5={0}".format(f1(10,5)))
print("10-5={0}".format(f2(10,5)))