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A React Native Bluetooth Low Energy library.
Originally inspired by https://github.com/don/cordova-plugin-ble-central.
The library is a simple connection with the OS APIs, the BLE stack should be standard but often has different behaviors based on the device used, the operating system and the BLE chip it connects to. Before opening an issue verify that the problem is really the library.
RN 0.60+
RN 0.40-0.59 supported until 6.7.X RN 0.30-0.39 supported until 2.4.3
npm i --save react-native-ble-manager
The library support the react native autolink feature.
// file: android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
<!-- Add xmlns:tools -->
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
package="YOUR_PACKAGE_NAME">
<!--
HACK: this permission should not be needed on android 12+ devices anymore,
but in fact some manufacturers still need it for BLE to properly work :
https://stackoverflow.com/a/72370969
-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" tools:remove="android:maxSdkVersion" />
<!--
should normally only be needed on android < 12 if you want to:
- activate bluetooth programmatically
- discover local BLE devices
see: https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth/permissions#discover-local-devices.
Same as above, may still be wrongly needed by some manufacturers on android 12+.
-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" tools:remove="android:maxSdkVersion" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" android:maxSdkVersion="28"/>
<uses-permission-sdk-23 android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" android:maxSdkVersion="30"/>
<!-- Only when targeting Android 12 or higher -->
<!--
Please make sure you read the following documentation
to have a better understanding of the new permissions.
https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth/permissions#assert-never-for-location
-->
<!-- Needed if your app search for Bluetooth devices. -->
<!--
If your app doesn't use Bluetooth scan results to derive physical location information,
you can strongly assert that your app doesn't derive physical location.
-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN"
android:usesPermissionFlags="neverForLocation" />
<!-- Needed if you want to interact with a BLE device. -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
<!-- Needed if your app makes the current device discoverable to other Bluetooth devices. -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
...
If you need communication while the app is not in the foreground you need the "ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" permission.
In iOS >= 13 you need to add the NSBluetoothAlwaysUsageDescription string key.
start method before anything.retrieveServices methodThe easiest way to test is simple make your AppRegistry point to our example component, like this:
// in your index.ios.js or index.android.js
import React, { Component } from "react";
import { AppRegistry } from "react-native";
import App from "react-native-ble-manager/example/App"; //<-- simply point to the example js!
/*
Note: The react-native-ble-manager/example directory is only included when cloning the repo, the above import will not work
if trying to import react-native-ble-manager/example from node_modules
*/
AppRegistry.registerComponent("MyAwesomeApp", () => App);
Init the module.
Returns a Promise object.
Don't call this multiple times.
Arguments
options - JSONThe parameter is optional the configuration keys are:
showAlert - Boolean - [iOS only] Show or hide the alert if the bluetooth is turned off during initializationrestoreIdentifierKey - String - [iOS only] Unique key to use for CoreBluetooth state restorationqueueIdentifierKey - String - [iOS only] Unique key to use for a queue identifier on which CoreBluetooth events will be dispatchedforceLegacy - Boolean - [Android only] Force to use the LegacyScanManagerExamples
BleManager.start({ showAlert: false }).then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Module initialized");
});
Scan for available peripherals.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
serviceUUIDs - Array of String - the UUIDs of the services to looking for. On Android the filter works only for 5.0 or newer.seconds - Integer - the amount of seconds to scan.allowDuplicates - Boolean - [iOS only] allow duplicates in device scanningscanningOptions - JSON - [Android only] after Android 5.0, user can control specific ble scan behaviors:
numberOfMatches - Number - [Android only] corresponding to setNumOfMatches. Defaults to ScanSettings.MATCH_NUM_MAX_ADVERTISEMENT. /!\ anything other than default may only work when a ScanFilter is active /!\matchMode - Number - [Android only] corresponding to setMatchMode. Defaults to ScanSettings.MATCH_MODE_AGGRESSIVE.callbackType - Number - [Android only] corresponding to setCallbackType. Defaults ScanSettings.CALLBACK_TYPE_ALL_MATCHES. /!\ anything other than default may only work when a ScanFilter is active /!\scanMode - Number - [Android only] corresponding to setScanMode. Defaults to ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER.reportDelay - Number - [Android only] corresponding to setReportDelay. Defaults to 0ms.phy - Number - [Android only] corresponding to setPhylegacy - Boolean - [Android only] corresponding to setLegacyExamples
BleManager.scan([], 5, true).then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Scan started");
});
Stop the scanning.
Returns a Promise object.
Examples
BleManager.stopScan().then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Scan stopped");
});
Attempts to connect to a peripheral. In many case if you can't connect you have to scan for the peripheral before.
Returns a Promise object.
In iOS, attempts to connect to a peripheral do not time out (please see Apple's doc), so you might need to set a timer explicitly if you don't want this behavior.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral to connect.Examples
BleManager.connect("XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX")
.then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Connected");
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Disconnect from a peripheral.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral to disconnect.force - boolean - [Android only] defaults to true, if true force closes gatt
connection and send the BleManagerDisconnectPeripheral
event immediately to Javascript, else disconnects the
connection and waits for disconnected state to
close the gatt connection
and then sends the BleManagerDisconnectPeripheral to the
JavascriptExamples
BleManager.disconnect("XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX")
.then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Disconnected");
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Create the request to the user to activate the bluetooth.
Returns a Promise object.
Examples
BleManager.enableBluetooth()
.then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("The bluetooth is already enabled or the user confirm");
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log("The user refuse to enable bluetooth");
});
Force the module to check the state of BLE and trigger a BleManagerDidUpdateState event.
Examples
BleManager.checkState();
Start the notification on the specified characteristic, you need to call retrieveServices method before.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.serviceUUID - String - the UUID of the service.characteristicUUID - String - the UUID of the characteristic.Examples
BleManager.startNotification(
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX"
)
.then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Notification started");
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Start the notification on the specified characteristic, you need to call retrieveServices method before. The buffer will collect a number or messages from the server and then emit once the buffer count it reached. Helpful to reducing the number or js bridge crossings when a characteristic is sending a lot of messages.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.serviceUUID - String - the UUID of the service.characteristicUUID - String - the UUID of the characteristic.buffer - Integer - a number of message to buffer prior to emit for the characteristic.Examples
BleManager.startNotification(
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
1234
)
.then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Notification started");
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Stop the notification on the specified characteristic.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.serviceUUID - String - the UUID of the service.characteristicUUID - String - the UUID of the characteristic.Read the current value of the specified characteristic, you need to call retrieveServices method before.
Returns a Promise object that will resolves to an array of plain integers (number[]) representing a ByteArray structure.
That array can then be converted to a JS ArrayBuffer for example using Buffer.from() thanks to this buffer module.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.serviceUUID - String - the UUID of the service.characteristicUUID - String - the UUID of the characteristic.Examples
BleManager.read(
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX"
)
.then((readData) => {
// Success code
console.log("Read: " + readData);
// https://github.com/feross/buffer
// https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html#static-method-bufferfromarray
const buffer = Buffer.from(readData);
const sensorData = buffer.readUInt8(1, true);
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Write with response to the specified characteristic, you need to call retrieveServices method before.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.serviceUUID - String - the UUID of the service.characteristicUUID - String - the UUID of the characteristic.data - number[] - the data to write as a plain integer array representing a ByteArray structure.maxByteSize - Integer - specify the max byte size before splitting message, defaults to 20 bytes if not specifiedData preparation
To convert your data to a number[], you should probably be manipulating a Buffer or anything representing a JS ArrayBuffer.
This will make sure you are converting from valid byte representations of your data first and not with an integer outside the expected range.
You can create a buffer from files, numbers or strings easily (see examples bellow).
// https://github.com/feross/buffer
import { Buffer } from 'buffer';
* // Creates a Buffer containing the bytes [0x01, 0x02, 0x03].
* const buffer = Buffer.from([1, 2, 3]);
*
* // Creates a Buffer containing the bytes [0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01] – the entries
* // are all truncated using `(value & 255)` to fit into the range 0–255.
* const buffer = Buffer.from([257, 257.5, -255, '1']);
*
* // Creates a Buffer containing the UTF-8-encoded bytes for the string 'tést':
* // [0x74, 0xc3, 0xa9, 0x73, 0x74] (in hexadecimal notation)
* // [116, 195, 169, 115, 116] (in decimal notation)
* const buffer = Buffer.from('tést');
Feel free to use other packages or google how to convert into byte array if your data has other format.
Examples
BleManager.write(
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
// encode & extract raw `number[]`.
// Each number should be in the 0-255 range as it is converted from a valid byte.
buffer.toJSON().data
)
.then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Write: " + data);
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Write without response to the specified characteristic, you need to call retrieveServices method before.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.serviceUUID - String - the UUID of the service.characteristicUUID - String - the UUID of the characteristic.data - number[] - the data to write as a plain integer array representing a ByteArray structure. (see write()).maxByteSize - Integer - (Optional) specify the max byte sizequeueSleepTime - Integer - (Optional) specify the wait time before each write if the data is greater than maxByteSizeData preparation
If your data is not in number[] format check info fom the write() function example above.
Example
BleManager.writeWithoutResponse(
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
data
)
.then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Writed: " + data);
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Read the current value of the RSSI.
Returns a Promise object resolving with the updated RSSI value (number) if it succeeds.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.Examples
BleManager.readRSSI("XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX")
.then((rssi) => {
// Success code
console.log("Current RSSI: " + rssi);
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Request a connection parameter update.
Returns a Promise object which fulfills with the status of the request.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.connectionPriority - Integer - the connection priority to be requested, as follows:
Examples
BleManager.requestConnectionPriority("XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX", 1)
.then((status) => {
// Success code
console.log("Requested connection priority");
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Request an MTU size used for a given connection.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.mtu - Integer - the MTU size to be requested in bytes.Examples
BleManager.requestMTU("XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX", 512)
.then((mtu) => {
// Success code
console.log("MTU size changed to " + mtu + " bytes");
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log(error);
});
Retrieve the peripheral's services and characteristics.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.serviceUUIDs - String[] - [iOS only] only retrieve these services.Examples
BleManager.retrieveServices("XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX").then(
(peripheralInfo) => {
// Success code
console.log("Peripheral info:", peripheralInfo);
}
);
refreshes the peripheral's services and characteristics cache
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.Examples
BleManager.refreshCache("XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX")
.then((peripheralInfo) => {
// Success code
console.log("cache refreshed!");
})
.catch((error) => {
console.error(error);
});
Return the connected peripherals.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
serviceUUIDs - Array of String - the UUIDs of the services to looking for.Examples
BleManager.getConnectedPeripherals([]).then((peripheralsArray) => {
// Success code
console.log("Connected peripherals: " + peripheralsArray.length);
});
Start the bonding (pairing) process with the remote device. If you pass peripheralPin(optional), bonding will be auto(without manual entering pin)
Returns a Promise object that will resolves if the bond is successfully created, otherwise it will be rejected with the appropriate error message.
Examples
BleManager.createBond(peripheralId)
.then(() => {
console.log("createBond success or there is already an existing one");
})
.catch(() => {
console.log("fail to bond");
});
Remove a paired device.
Returns a Promise object.
Examples
BleManager.removeBond(peripheralId)
.then(() => {
console.log("removeBond success");
})
.catch(() => {
console.log("fail to remove the bond");
});
Return the bonded peripherals.
Returns a Promise object.
Examples
BleManager.getBondedPeripherals([]).then((bondedPeripheralsArray) => {
// Each peripheral in returned array will have id and name properties
console.log("Bonded peripherals: " + bondedPeripheralsArray.length);
});
Return the discovered peripherals after a scan.
Returns a Promise object.
Examples
BleManager.getDiscoveredPeripherals([]).then((peripheralsArray) => {
// Success code
console.log("Discovered peripherals: " + peripheralsArray.length);
});
Removes a disconnected peripheral from the cached list.
It is useful if the device is turned off, because it will be re-discovered upon turning on again.
Returns a Promise object.
Arguments
peripheralId - String - the id/mac address of the peripheral.Check whether a specific peripheral is connected and return true or false.
Returns a Promise object.
Examples
BleManager.isPeripheralConnected(
"XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
[]
).then((isConnected) => {
if (isConnected) {
console.log("Peripheral is connected!");
} else {
console.log("Peripheral is NOT connected!");
}
});
Create the request to set the name of the bluetooth adapter. (https://developer.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapter#setName(java.lang.String))
Returns a Promise object.
Examples
BleManager.setName("INNOVEIT_CENTRAL")
.then(() => {
// Success code
console.log("Name set successfully");
})
.catch((error) => {
// Failure code
console.log("Name could not be set");
});
The scanning for peripherals is ended.
Arguments
status - Number - [iOS] the reason for stopping the scan. Error code 10 is used for timeouts, 0 covers everything else. [Android] the reason for stopping the scan (https://developer.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/le/ScanCallback#constants_1). Error code 10 is used for timeoutsExamples
bleManagerEmitter.addListener("BleManagerStopScan", (args) => {
// Scanning is stopped
});
The BLE change state.
Arguments
state - String - the new BLE state. can be one of unknown (iOS only), resetting (iOS only), unsupported, unauthorized (iOS only), on, off, turning_on (android only), turning_off (android only).Examples
bleManagerEmitter.addListener("BleManagerDidUpdateState", (args) => {
// The new state: args.state
});
The scanning find a new peripheral.
Arguments
id - String - the id of the peripheralname - String - the name of the peripheralrssi - Number - the RSSI valueadvertising - JSON - the advertising payload, here are some examples:
isConnectable - BooleanserviceUUIDs - Array of StringmanufacturerData - JSON - contains the raw bytes and data (Base64 encoded string)serviceData - JSON - contains the raw bytes and data (Base64 encoded string)txPowerLevel - IntExamples
bleManagerEmitter.addListener("BleManagerDiscoverPeripheral", (args) => {
// The id: args.id
// The name: args.name
});
A characteristic notify a new value.
Arguments
value — Array — the read valueperipheral — String — the id of the peripheralcharacteristic — String — the UUID of the characteristicservice — String — the UUID of the characteristicEvent will only be emitted after successful
startNotification.
Example
import { bytesToString } from "convert-string";
import { NativeModules, NativeEventEmitter } from "react-native";
const BleManagerModule = NativeModules.BleManager;
const bleManagerEmitter = new NativeEventEmitter(BleManagerModule);
async function connectAndPrepare(peripheral, service, characteristic) {
// Connect to device
await BleManager.connect(peripheral);
// Before startNotification you need to call retrieveServices
await BleManager.retrieveServices(peripheral);
// To enable BleManagerDidUpdateValueForCharacteristic listener
await BleManager.startNotification(peripheral, service, characteristic);
// Add event listener
bleManagerEmitter.addListener(
"BleManagerDidUpdateValueForCharacteristic",
({ value, peripheral, characteristic, service }) => {
// Convert bytes array to string
const data = bytesToString(value);
console.log(`Received ${data} for characteristic ${characteristic}`);
}
);
// Actions triggereng BleManagerDidUpdateValueForCharacteristic event
}
A peripheral was connected.
Arguments
peripheral - String - the id of the peripheralstatus - Number - [Android only] connect reasonsA peripheral was disconnected.
Arguments
peripheral - String - the id of the peripheralstatus - Number - [Android only] disconnect reasonsdomain - String - [iOS only] disconnect error domaincode - Number - [iOS only] disconnect error code (https://developer.apple.com/documentation/corebluetooth/cberror/code)A bond with a peripheral was established
Arguments
Object with information about the device
This is fired when centralManager:WillRestoreState: is called (app relaunched in the background to handle a bluetooth event).
Arguments
peripherals - Array - an array of previously connected peripherals.For more on performing long-term bluetooth actions in the background:
iOS Bluetooth State Preservation and Restoration
The peripheral received a request to start or stop providing notifications for a specified characteristic's value.
Arguments
peripheral - String - the id of the peripheralcharacteristic - String - the UUID of the characteristicisNotifying - Boolean - Is the characteristic notifying or notdomain - String - [iOS only] error domaincode - Number - [iOS only] error codepackage.json.example project is configured to work with the locally built version of the library. To be able to run it, you need to build at least once the library so that its outputs listed as entrypoint in package.json (in the dist folder) are properly generated for consumption by the example project:from the root folder:
npm install
npm run build
if you are modifying the typescript files of the library (in
src/) on the fly, you can runnpm run watchinstead. If you are modifying files from the native counterparts, you'll need to rebuild the whole app for your target environnement (npm run android/ios).
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