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README
GPL-3.0

Translation

翻译:@inVains @songzy12


DAMN VULNERABLE WEB APPLICATION

Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA)(译注:可以直译为:"该死的"不安全Web应用网站),是一个编码糟糕的、易受攻击的 PHP/MySQL Web应用程序。 它的主要目的是帮助安全专业人员在合法的环境中,测试他们的技能和工具,帮助 Web 开发人员更好地了解如何增强 Web 应用程序的安全性,并帮助学生和教师在受控的课堂环境中,了解 Web 应用程序的安全。

DVWA的具体目标是通过简单明了的界面,来演练一些最常见的 Web 漏洞,这些漏洞具有不同的难度级别。 请注意,此软件存在说明和未说明的漏洞。 这是故意的。 我们鼓励您尝试并发现尽可能多的安全问题。


警告!

DVWA十分易受攻击! 不要将其上传到您的云服务器的公共 html 文件夹或任何面向 Internet 的服务器,因为它们会受到危害。 建议使用虚拟机(如VirtualBoxVMware),设置为NAT组网方式。在客机(guest machine)中,您可以下载并安装 XAMPP 作为 Web 服务器和数据库。

免责声明

我们不对任何人使用此应用程序 (DVWA) 的方式负责。 我们已经明确了应用程序的目的,不应被恶意使用。 我们已发出警告并采取措施防止用户将 DVWA 安装到实际生产运行的 Web 服务器上。 如果您的 Web 服务器因安装 DVWA 而受到损害,这不是我们的责任,而是上传和安装它的人的责任。


许可

该文件是Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA) 的一部分。

Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA)是自由软件:您可以根据自由软件基金会发布的 GNU 通用公共许可证(许可证的第 3 版,或(由您选择的)任何更高版本)重新分发和/或修改。

Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA) 的发布是为了希望它有用,但不(对"有用性")做任何保证; 甚至不对适销性(MERCHANTABILITY)或针对特定目的的适用性(FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE)的做任何暗示保证。 有关更多详细信息,请参阅 GNU 通用公共许可证。

您应该已经随Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA)收到一份GNU通用公共许可证。 如果没有,请参阅 https://www.gnu.org/licenses/


国际化

该文件有多种语言版本:

如果您想贡献翻译,请提交 PR。 但是请注意,这并不意味着只是简单的通过谷歌翻译并提交,这种提交将被拒绝。


下载

虽然有各种版本的 DVWA,但唯一受支持的版本是来自官方 GitHub 存储仓库(repository)的最新源码。 你可以从 repo 中克隆它:

git clone https://github.com/digininja/DVWA.git

或者 下载文件的 ZIP


安装

请确保您的 config/config.inc.php 文件存在。 只有 config.inc.php.dist 是不够的,您必须编辑它以适应您的环境并将其重命名为 config.inc.php。 Windows 可能会隐藏文件扩展名。

安装视频

Windows + XAMPP

如果您还没有设置 Web 服务器,安装 DVWA 的最简单方法是下载并安装 XAMPP

XAMPP 是一个非常易于安装的 Apache 发行版,适用于 Linux、Solaris、Windows 和 Mac OS X。该软件包包括 Apache Web 服务器、MySQL、PHP、Perl、一个 FTP 服务器和 phpMyAdmin。

XAMPP 可以从以下位置下载:https://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html

只需解压缩 dvwa.zip,将解压缩的文件放在您的公共 html 文件夹中,然后使用浏览器访问:http://127.0.0.1/dvwa/setup.php

Linux Packages

如果您使用的是基于 Debian 的 Linux 发行版,则需要安装以下软件包 (或与它们具有相同功能的软件包)

apt-get -y install apache2 mariadb-server php php-mysqli php-gd libapache2-mod-php

该站点在使用 MySQL 时也可正常运行,但我们强烈推荐 MariaDB。因为它开箱即用,而您必须进行配置更改才能使 MySQL 正常工作。

数据库设置

要设置数据库,只需单击主菜单中的Setup DVWA按钮,然后单击Create / Reset Database按钮。 这将为您创建/重置数据库,并填入一些数据。

如果您在尝试创建数据库时收到错误消息,请确保您在 ./config/config.inc.php 中的数据库凭据是正确的。 config.inc.php.dist 仅作为示例,./config/config.inc.php 中的内容不必与其相同。

变量默认设置如下:

$_DVWA[ 'db_user' ] = 'dvwa';
$_DVWA[ 'db_password' ] = 'p@ssw0rd';
$_DVWA[ 'db_database' ] = 'dvwa';

注意,如果你使用的是 MariaDB 而不是 MySQL( Kali 默认使用 MariaDB ),那么你不能使用数据库 root 用户,你必须创建一个新的数据库用户。 为此,请以 root 用户身份连接到数据库,然后使用以下命令:

mysql> create database dvwa;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create user dvwa@localhost identified by 'p@ssw0rd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> grant all on dvwa.* to dvwa@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

其他配置

根据您的操作系统以及 PHP 版本,您可能希望更改默认配置。 相关文件的位置因机器而异。

文件夹权限

  • ./hackable/uploads/ - 需要允许web服务可写(用于文件上传)。
  • ./external/phpids/0.6/lib/IDS/tmp/phpids_log.txt - 需要允许web服务可写(如果你想使用 PHPIDS)。

PHP配置:

  • allow_url_include = on - 允许远程文件包含 (RFI) [allow_url_include]
  • allow_url_fopen = on - 允许远程文件包含 (RFI) [allow_url_fopen]
  • safe_mode = off - (如果 PHP <= v5.4)允许 SQL 注入(SQLi) [safe_mode]
  • magic_quotes_gpc = off - (如果 PHP <= v5.4)允许 SQL 注入(SQLi) [magic_quotes_gpc]
  • display_errors = off - (可选)隐藏 PHP 警告消息以使其不那么冗长 [display_errors]

文件: config/config.inc.php:

默认的凭证

默认 username = admin

默认 password = password

...很容易被暴力破解;)

登录 URL:http://127.0.0.1/login.php

注意:如果您将 DVWA 安装到不同的目录中,上述登录 URL 将有所不同。


Docker容器

由于老版本的 MySQL 问题,请确保您正在使用 aufs。 运行 docker info 来检查你的存储驱动程序。 如果它不是aufs,请更改它为aufs。 每个操作系统都有关于如何执行此操作的指南,但它们有所不同,因此我们不再此赘述。


故障排除

以下的故障排除操作,假设您使用的是基于 Debian 的发行版,例如 Debian、Ubuntu 和 Kali。 对于其他发行版,可参考执行,但需要适当更换命令。

配置数据库时的"Access denied"错误

如果您在配置数据库时看到以下内容,则表示配置文件(./config/config.inc.php)中的用户名或密码,与数据库中配置的用户名或密码不匹配:

Database Error #1045: Access denied for user 'notdvwa'@'localhost' (using password: YES).

该错误告诉您,您正在使用用户名notdvwa

以下错误表示,您在配置文件中设置了错误的数据库。

SQL: Access denied for user 'dvwa'@'localhost' to database 'notdvwa'

这表示您正在使用用户 dvwa 并试图连接到数据库 notdvwa

首先要做的,是再次确认您配置文件中的内容是否真的如您所想。

如果它符合您的预期,接下来要做的是检查,您是否可以使用命令行,以您配置的用户身份登录数据库。 假设你的数据库用户是 dvwa,密码是 p@ssw0rd,运行以下命令:

mysql -u dvwa -pp@ssw0rd -D dvwa

注意:-p后没有空格

如果您看到以下内容,则密码是正确的:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 14
Server version: 10.3.22-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.19.10.1 Ubuntu 19.10

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [dvwa]>

由于您可以在命令行上进行连接,因此配置文件中可能有问题,请仔细检查。如果仍然无法正常工作,请在 GitHub 上提交issue。

如果您看到以下内容,则您使用的用户名或密码有误。 重复 数据库设置 步骤,并确保在整个过程中使用相同的用户名和密码。

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'dvwa'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

如果您得到以下信息,则用户凭据正确,但用户无权访问数据库。 再次重复设置步骤并检查您正在使用的数据库名称。

ERROR 1044 (42000): Access denied for user 'dvwa'@'localhost' to database 'dvwa'

最后一个您可能遇到的错误是:

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)

这不是身份验证问题,而是告诉您数据库服务器没有运行。 如下启动数据库服务器:

sudo service mysql start

Unknown authentication method错误

PHP 无法再与最新版本的 MySQL 默认配置中的数据库通信。 如果您尝试运行配置脚本并收到以下消息,则表示您正在使用这个默认配置。

Database Error #2054: The server requested authentication method unknown to the client.

您有两个选择,最简单的是卸载 MySQL 并安装 MariaDB。 以下是来自 MariaDB 项目的官方指南:

https://mariadb.com/resources/blog/how-to-migrate-from-mysql-to-mariadb-on-linux-in-five-steps/

或者,按照以下步骤操作:

  1. 以 root 用户身份编辑以下文件:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

  2. [mysqld] 行下,添加以下内容: default- authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

  3. 重启数据库:sudo service mysql restart

  4. 检查数据库用户的身份验证方法:

    mysql> select Host,User, plugin from mysql.user where mysql.user.User = 'dvwa';
    +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
    | Host      | User             | plugin                |
    +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
    | localhost | dvwa             | caching_sha2_password |
    +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
    1 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  5. 你可能会看到 caching_sha2_password。 如果是这样,请运行以下命令:

    mysql> ALTER USER dvwa@localhost IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'p@ssw0rd';
  6. 重新运行检查,您现在应该看到mysql_native_password

    mysql> select Host,User, plugin from mysql.user where mysql.user.User = 'dvwa';
    +-----------+------+-----------------------+
    | Host      | User | plugin                |
    +-----------+------+-----------------------+
    | localhost | dvwa | mysql_native_password |
    +-----------+------+-----------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

经过以上步骤,设置过程现在应该可以正常工作了。

如果您想了解更多信息,请参阅以下页面:https://www.php.net/manual/en/mysqli.requirements.php

数据库错误 Error #2002: No such file or directory.

数据库服务器没有运行。 在基于 Debian 的发行版中,这可以通过以下方式完成:

sudo service mysql start

"MySQL server has gone away" 和 "Packets out of order" 错误

出现这些错误的原因有多种,但最有可能的原因是您运行的数据库服务器版本与 PHP 版本不兼容。

最常见的是,你运行了最新版本的 MySQL 与 PHP 搭配部署,而这两者并不十分兼容。最好的建议是,放弃 MySQL 并安装 MariaDB,因为这(译注:使用最新版MySQL)不是我们可以支持的。

有关更多信息,请参阅:

https://www.ryadel.com/en/fix-mysql-server-gone-away-packets-order-similar-mysql-related-errors/

SQL注入在 PHP v5.2.6.上不正常

PHP 5.x 的维护已于 2019 年 1 月终止,因此我们建议您使用当前 7.x 版本运行 DVWA,如果您一定要使用 5.x ……

如果您使用的是 PHP v5.2.6 或更高版本,则需要执行以下操作才能使 SQL 注入和其他漏洞发挥作用。

.htaccess中:

将以下设置:

<IfModule mod_php5.c>
    php_flag magic_quotes_gpc off
    #php_flag allow_url_fopen on
    #php_flag allow_url_include on
</IfModule>

替换为:

<IfModule mod_php5.c>
    magic_quotes_gpc = Off
    allow_url_fopen = On
    allow_url_include = On
</IfModule>

命令行注入 不工作

-A. Apache 可能没有足够的权限在 Web 服务器上运行命令。 如果您在 Linux 下运行 DVWA,请确保您以 root 身份登录。 在 Windows 下以管理员身份登录。

CentOS上为什么不能连接数据库?

您可能遇到 SELinux 的问题。 禁用 SELinux 或运行此命令以允许 Web 服务器与数据库通信:

setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_db 1

其他事项

有关最新的故障排除信息,请阅读 GitHub Issues 中仍开放或已关闭的问题:

https://github.com/digininja/DVWA/issues

在提交issue之前,请确保您正在运行仓库(repo)中最新版本的代码。注意:不是最新发布 (release) 版本,而是 master 分支的最新代码。

如果提交issue,请至少包含以下信息:

  • 操作系统
  • 您正在报告的错误发生时,紧接着来自 Web 服务器错误日志的最后 5 行
  • 如果是数据库身份验证问题,请执行上文中的步骤并对每个步骤进行截图。提交这些截图,同时提交数据库配置文件中,用户和密码部分的屏幕截图。
  • 完整描述出了什么问题,您期望发生什么,以及您已经采取了什么措施。 类似"登录中断"这种描述,不足以让我们了解您的问题并帮助解决它。

链接

主页: https://dvwa.co.uk/

项目主页: https://github.com/digininja/DVWA

Created by the DVWA team

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