大四毕业设计课题

(很简单的django基础，相关代码里也都有注释) 感谢观看和star
有任何问题欢迎提交Issue，或者发送邮箱 `binloveplay1314@qq.com`

mkvirtualenv binshop
workon binshop	

pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple django==2.1.3

pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple mysqlclient==1.3.10
pip install Pillow

django-admin startproject mysite

python manage.py runserver 0:8000

# 数据库的设置
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'binshop',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '1123',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1'
    }
}

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' # 修改admin界面为中文
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' # 修改为上海时间
USE_TZ = False # 禁用utc时间

STATIC_URL = '/static/'  # 静态文件目录
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'  # 存储图片目录
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

settings里注册 admin
python manage.py createsuper

# 数据迁移，每次对model进行修改后都需要
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

# 创建一个可以管理站点的用户
python manage.py createsuperuser

github地址：https://github.com/sshwsfc/xadmin
根据xadmin里的依赖安装依赖库
pip install httplib2 future django-crispy-forms django-formtools django-import-export
注册xadmin,crispy_forms的app
进行makemigrations和migrate和url配置，访问xadmin

django app的设计 和 各app models的设计
	users-用户管理
		UserProfile-用户信息
		EmailVerifyCode-邮箱验证码
		UserAddress-用户收货地址

	goods-商品管理
		GoodsCategory-商品分类
		Goods-商品信息
		GoodsImage-商品详情页里的轮播图 TODO
		Banner-首页轮播的商品

	trade-交易管理
		ShoppingCart-购物车
		OrderInfo-订单详情
		OrderGoods-订单里的商品详情 一对多

	user_operation-用户操作管理
		这里的views里存放着全局404和500的处理函数
	
	tools-工具箱
		alipay-支付宝网页版支付接口
		send_email-发送邮件的处理逻辑
		mixin_utils-mixin的小用法-Require登陆

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    """ 扩展原有的auth_user表 """
    nickname = models.CharField(verbose_name=u'昵称', max_length=50, default='')
    birthday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u'生日', null=True, blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(verbose_name=u'性别', max_length=6, choices=(('male', u'男'), ('female', u'女 ')), default='female')
    address = models.CharField(verbose_name=u'地址', max_length=100, default='')
    mobile = models.CharField(verbose_name=u'电话', max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)
    image = models.ImageField(verbose_name=u'头像', max_length=100, upload_to='image/%Y/%m', default=u'image/default.jpg')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户信息'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username

setting里设置和注册app
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.UserProfile'

from django.views.generic import TemplateView
path('', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='index.html'), name='index'),

{% load staticfiles %}
{% static 'css/style.css' %}

{{ xx_form.data.key }}
{{ xx_form.key.value }}

{% if xx_form.errors.key %}{% endif %}
{% for key, error in xx_form.errors.items %}error{%endfor%}

Django Simple Captcha

pip install django-simple-captcha==0.5.9
add captcha to the INSTALLED_APPS in your settings
run python manage.py migrate
add an entry to your urls
path('captcha/', include('captcha.urls'))

# Models里
def get_image_name(model, filename):
	ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[-1]
	return 'goods/images/{0}{1}'.format(model.name, ext)

# models.Goods的字段里
	goods_front_image = models.ImageField(verbose_name="封面图", upload_to=get_image_name, null=True, blank=True,
	                                          default='goods/images/default.png')

import sys
import os	

pwd = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
sys.path.append(pwd+"../")
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "binshop.settings")

import django
django.setup()

from goods.models import Goods

goods = Goods.object.all()
good = Goods()
good.xxx = xxx
good.save()

class CustomBackend(ModelBackend):
    """
        settings里配置AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS
        这里将email和username和nickname都当作username进行Q并起来
    """
    def authenticate(self, request, username=None, password=None, **kwargs):
        try:
            user = UserProfile.objects.get(Q(username=username) | Q(nickname=username) | Q(email=username))
            if user.check_password(password):
                return user
        except Exception as e:
            return None

	settings添加
	AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
	    'users.views.CustomBackend',
	)

# 生产环境下配置404 500
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

# 开发环境下可以在 urlpatterns后  分发media url
urlpatterns后 + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

### 下面两个参数， STATICFILES_DIRS 是一个存放 各个静态文件目录的元组， STATIC_ROOT是 在manage.py执行完collectstatic,所有你注册过的 APP 中所使用的静态文件均会收集到你所指定的 STATIC_ROOT 目录中，所以这两个目录不能一样
	STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static_collect')
	STATICFILES_DIRS = (
	    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
	)	

# 生产环境用这个分发url， nginx的 TODO
from django.views.static import serve  # 处理图片静态文件
re_path('static/(?P<path>.*)', serve, {"document_root": STATIC_ROOT}),
re_path('media/(?P<path>.*)', serve, {"document_root": MEDIA_ROOT}),

# views里写的函数
	from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
	# 这里django2要加上 exception, django1.x就不用
	def page_not_found(request, exception):
	    """ 全局404处理函数 """
	    response = render_to_response('base/404.html', {})
	    response.code = 404
	    return response
	
	def page_error(request):
	    """ 全局500处理函数 """
	    res = render_to_response('base/500.html', {})
	    res.status_code = 500
	    return res

# 404和500 在urls最后加上处理
	handler404 = 'user_operation.views.page_not_found'
	handler500 = 'user_operation.views.page_error'

# 初始化
pip install django-pure-pagination
Add pure_pagination to INSTALLED_APPS

# views
	try:
        page = request.GET.get('page', 1)
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        page = 1

    p = Paginator(shops, 5, request=request)
    shops = p.page(page)

# templates
	{% if shops.has_previous %}
		<li class="long"><a href="?{{ shops.previous_page_number.querystring }}">上一页</a></li>
    {% endif %}

    {% for page in shops.pages %}
        {% if page %}
            {% ifequal page shops.number %}
                <li class="active"><a href="?{{ page.querystring }}">{{ page }}</a></li>
            {% else %}
                <li><a href="?{{ page.querystring }}" class="page">{{ page }}</a></li>
            {% endifequal %}
        {% else %}
            <li class="none"><a href="">...</a></li>
        {% endif %}
    {% endfor %}

    {% if shops.has_next %}
        <li class="long"><a href="?{{ shops.next_page_number.querystring }}">下一页</a></li>
    {% endif %}

注册了一个新浪微博
	binloveplay1314@sina.com
	sina1123.0
在设置里 开启POP3/SMTP服务

settings.py里的设置
	# 发送邮件的配置
	EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.sina.com'
	EMAIL_PORT = 25
	EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'binloveplay1314@sina.com'
	EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'sina1123.0'
	EMAIL_USE_TLS = False  # 不使用TLS协议, 不https:443
	EMAIL_FROM = 'binloveplay1314@sina.com'  # 发件人

实现：
	from random import Random

	from django.core.mail import send_mail
	
	from users.models import EmailVerifyCode
	from binshop.settings import EMAIL_FROM
	
	
	def send_email(email, type='register'):
	    """
	        发送邮件的方法
	        register:   注册账号
	        forget:     找回密码
	        change:     修改邮箱
	    """
	    email_code = EmailVerifyCode()
	    email_code.email = email
	    email_code.code = generate_random_str(16)
	    email_code.type = type
	    email_code.save()
	
	    # 发送邮件
	    if type == 'register':
	        subject = '彬彬商场注册激活链接'
	        message = '请点击下面的链接激活您的账号: http://xxx.xxx/active/{0}'.format(email_code)
	        status = send_mail(subject, message, EMAIL_FROM, [email])
	        if status:  # 发送成功
	            pass
	
	
	def generate_random_str(str_len=8):
	    """ 生成长度为str_len的随机字符串 """
	    str = ''
	    chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'
	    random = Random()
	    for i in range(str_len):
	        str += chars[random.randint(0, len(chars) - 1)]
	    return str

# 使用md5包，py3已经移除
import md5

src = 'this is a md5 test.'   
m1 = md5.new()   
m1.update(src)   
print m1.hexdigest()

# 使用hashlib
import hashlib   

md5 = hashlib.md5()   
md5.update(b'123')   
print(md5.hexdigest())

推荐使用第二种方法。