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openjdk-for-dummies

一组快速环境构建、编译、修改、裁剪、调试OpenJDK的懒人包。

本工程是笔者在JetBrains Projector项目基础上修改的headlessly集成开发环境。目标是客户端可以仅通过浏览器,实现在CLion图形化集成开发环境中进行OpenJDK的开发调试工作。JetBrains Projector提供了比直接使用X11 Forwarding、RDP或VNC更高效的远程图形性能,在本机环境或者局域网环境中使用时,能获得几乎与Native IDE相同的响应速度和操作体验。可以说此懒人包确是偷懒的方案,但并非玩具,能够作为VSC Remote之外,另一种本机编码远端编译运行的解决方案,实际应用于生产之中。

使用方法

  1. 运行以下Docker镜像:

    docker run -it --rm -p 8887:8887 icyfenix/openjdk-clion:latest

    此镜像支持Linux、Windows、WSL2、MacOS等宿主环境,不过编译结果与宿主环境无关,编译输出均是Linux-Server-64 Bits的OpenJDK,如需调整,可参见“编译镜像”一节。 出于OpenJDK编译本身资源需求,此容器要求可使用的资源至少应为2 Cores、4 GB RAM、6 GB Disk。

  2. 容器启动后,在浏览器中打开http://localhost:8887,出现如下界面:

    CLion并没有像IDEA那样提供免费的社区版,所以这步买了JetBrains产品同学的填账号,没有买的就选择"Evaluate for free"试用30天。JetBrains IDE允许以Projector方式封装为Docker镜像去使用,但IDE本身是收费的,JetBrains对学生、开源作者都有免费授权,产品也极为优秀,希望你能支持正版。

  3. 进入主界面,选择Open,笔者在HOME目录下放了一份JDK15源码,此源码在镜像编译时已自动生成了Slow Debug配置项,并生成好了对应的Compilation Database和CLion的工程配置,因此你可以直接在IDE中导入这个工程。 index

  4. 打开工程,待IDE自动更新符号表、索引文件结束之后(视宿主机的性能不同,可能要几分钟时间),你即可以:

    • 阅读浏览OpenJDK源码。
      CLion的各种代码导航、辅助功能可以帮助你更方便地了解工程结构。

    • 修改OpenJDK源码并重编译。
      通过Build菜单中的Build Project或Rebuild Project选项,可增量编译或全量编译源码。全量编译可能需要十分钟以上的时间,但增量编译一般较快,所以在Run/Debug Configurations中默认也会进行增量编译,如果你不希望这样做,可自行在Before Luanch菜单中移除。 build 另再次强调笔者预置的编译配置项为Slow Debug,保留了符号表,禁用了大部分优化,这意味着它很适合调试,但不适合真正地应用于生产环境。如果你需要发布正式产品,请自行建立Release配置项,做法可参见“编译镜像”一节。。

    • 跟踪调试HotSpot虚拟机。 笔者预置提供了java -versionjava Helloworld两个运行配置。如果你是刚刚开始接触OpenJDK源码,不妨在~/jdk/java.base/share/native/libjli/java.cJavaMain(void * _args)方法上打个断点,由此开启你学习HotSpot内部实现的旅程。 debug 在开始调试之前,你最好至少进行过一次编译,生成了二进制的可运行程序,否则将会在首次运行时自动进行全量编译。

    • 调试自己的Java代码。 笔者在/playgrounds中预置了一个Helloworld Class供测试之用,倘若你跟踪HotSpot的目的是想解决学习工作中预见的真实问题,那可以把你自己的Class或者Jar文件映射到容器中进行调试,譬如:

      docker run -it --rm -p 8887:8887 -v JAVA-APP-PATH:/home/projector-user/playgrounds icyfenix/openjdk-clion:latest

编译镜像

本镜像是以Debian 10为基座,整合了JetBrains Projector Server、JetBrains Clion 2020.3、OpenJDK 15(作为Bootstrap JDK)二进制包,以及一份OpenJDK 15的源码,内容多,容量大,所以编译镜像必须具备良好的网络条件,尤其是科学上网。编译步骤倒是颇为简单,具体为:

  1. 克隆本工程。

    git clone https://github.com/fenixsoft/openjdk-for-dummies.git

    建议:创建一个空目录,然后在该目录中克隆本工程。由于镜像编译时还会克隆Projector Server与OpenJDK项目,因此它的Docker Build Context是父目录而不是通常的当前目录。如果父目录中有其他内容,将会导致发送给Docker Daemon的内容变多,导致编译时间变长。

  2. 克隆Projector Server与OpenJDK。

    ./clone-core.sh
  3. 编译镜像。

    ./build-container.sh

镜像编译的过程是完全傻瓜式的,但是实际内容很多,时间也很长,不妨先浏览一下Dockerfile文件,看看镜像具体做了什么事情,有时候一些小的修改会提高很多的编译效率,譬如脚本中出于版本兼容性考虑,关闭了Docker BuildKit,打开会使得重复编译的速度有很大提升。

你可能会基于以下目的,希望编译、定制一份新的镜像:

  • 希望将它作为正式的工作环境,想保存JetBrains账号、个人习惯配置等信息。笔者建议是你完成配置之后,采用docker commit命令来保存变更,无必要从头开始构建,这样会快捷许多。

  • 希望变更内置的JDK源码的版本。JDK的源码是通过clone-core.sh文件下载的,可以通过修改此文件中JDK的GitHub地址来切换不同的版本,如下:

    git clone https://github.com/openjdk/jdk15.git ../jdk-source
  • 希望采用不同的编译配置,譬如编译32 Bits版本,譬如交叉编译出其他系统的JDK版本、譬如建立Fast Debug、Release等其他编译配置项等。这些信息定义在Dockerfileconfigure中,你可以调整此行的参数来实现:

    ./configure --with-boot-jdk=/usr/lib/jvm/openjdk-15-jdk --with-debug-level=slowdebug --disable-warnings-as-errors --build=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu --with-version-opt=icyfenix.cn
  • 希望切换IDE版本、加入其他辅助软件或者IDE Plugins。CLion IDE的下载地址build-container.sh之中,你可以在这里找到其他兼容的IDE列表,更换其中的下载地址即可。

    downloadUrl=${2:-https://download.jetbrains.com/cpp/CLion-2020.3.2.tar.gz}

    IDE也可以直接在市场中安装Plugins,但想支持独立于IDE的其他软件(譬如中文输入法)则有较大困难。由于Projector本质上是一种AWT的实现,因此只可能支持Swing应用以headlessly形式运行,在获得良好交互性能的同时,也决定了它不太可能像RDP、VNC那样实现与应用无关的全面兼容性。

其他

  • 如果打算使用此镜像用作实际工作环境,建议采用JetBrains专门提供的PWA外壳(Projector Luancher)来代替Chrome、Safari浏览器。否则在浏览器中写代码总会遇到一些冲突问题,譬如查找代码Ctrl+F却弹出了浏览器的搜索框等。
  • 如果你打算以iPad作为编码客户端,那服务器就不能使用SSL(仅能用HTTP,不能用HTTPS),因为iPad不支持Self-Signed WebSockets。
  • 如果响应好的话,后续笔者可能会再做一些别的复杂环境,譬如Kubernetes(应该会是K3S)配GoLand之类的源码IDE镜像。
  • 镜像压缩后有2.08 GB,Keep Patient。

协议

  • 本文档代码部分采用Apache 2.0协议进行许可。遵循许可的前提下,你可以自由地对代码进行修改,再发布,可以将代码用作商业用途。但要求你:
    • 署名:在原有代码和衍生代码中,保留原作者署名及代码来源信息。
    • 保留许可证:在原有代码和衍生代码中,保留Apache 2.0协议文件。
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基于周志明老师的 openjdk-for-dummies 修改的 OpenJDK 17 一键运行调试包 展开 收起
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