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README
Apache-2.0

Reflector

JDK 1.8 License

Java标准库的反射api使用起来很难受,有各种编译期异常需要我们自己处理,而且使用起来也不够丝滑,不够简便。本项目针对这些问题进行了优化,还额外完善了关于泛型的支持,相对Java本身提供的泛型api要好用的多,使用起来非常丝滑。

主要概念

本项目定义了很多接口,提出了Reflector(反射器)的概念,所有的反射相关操作都需要使用反射器。反射元素的概念,即:ClassConstructorFieldMethodParameter,反射元素和反射器始终一一对应,一个反射器的行为只受反射元素的影响。

下面是反射器相关接口关系表:

名称 类型 功能
Reflector interface 反射器的顶级接口,所有其他反射器都需要实现这个接口。
ClassReflector interface Class反射器,Class反射相关操作的核心接口。<T>为被操作类的类型。
ConstructorReflector interface Constructor反射器,Constructor反射相关操作的核心接口。<T>为被操作类的类型。
FieldReflector interface Field反射器,Field反射相关操作的核心接口。<F>为此字段的类型。
MethodReflector interface Method反射器,Method反射相关操作的核心接口。<M>为此方法的返回值类型。
ParameterReflector interface Parameter反射器,Parameter反射相关操作的核心接口。

反射器相关Api的使用样例

以下是样例使用的实体类:

// 测试使用的注解
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Pojo {
}

// 测试样例使用的实体类
@Pojo
public class User {
    @Pojo
    private String name;

    private Integer age;
    
    private List<? extends User> users;

    public User() {}
    
    public User(@Pojo String name, Integer age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    
    public User(List<User> users) {
        this.users = users;
    }
    
    // getter 和 setter 方法
    
   	// toString 方法
}
  • Reflector

    Reflector作为顶级的反射器接口,它拥有一些公共的接口,检查反射元素是否存在注解等一系列操作,以类举例:

    ClassReflector<User> classReflector = new ClassReflectorImpl<>(User.class);
    // 检查User类是否存在注解@Pojo
    boolean hasAnnotation = classReflector.hasAnnotation(Pojo.class);
    System.out.println(hasAnnotation); // true
    // 获取User类上的注解@Pojo
    Pojo annotation = classReflector.getAnnotation(Pojo.class);
    System.out.println(annotation != null); // true
  • ClassReflector

    // 获取User类的ClassReflector
    ClassReflector<User> classReflector = new ClassReflectorImpl<>(User.class);
    // 获取User类的三个构造方法
    // 无参构造方法的构造反射器
    ConstructorReflector<? extends User> constructorReflector1 = classReflector.constructorReflector();
    // name和age作为参数的构造方法的构造反射器
    ConstructorReflector<? extends User> constructorReflector2 = classReflector.constructorReflector(String.class, Integer.class);
    // list作为参数的构造方法的构造反射器
    ConstructorReflector<? extends User> constructorReflector3 = classReflector.constructorReflector(List.class);
    // 获取setName方法所对应的方法反射器
    classReflector.methodReflector("setName", String.class);
    // 获取name字段所对应的字段反射器
    FieldReflector<String> nameFieldReflector = classReflector.fieldReflector("name");
  • ConstructorReflector

    // 使用name和age作为参数的构造方法的构造反射器创建实例
    User user = constructorReflector2.newInstance("tom", 18);
    // 获取当前构造方法的name参数的参数反射器,如果调用此方式失败,可能是因为编译maven项目的时候没有添加-parameter编译参数。
    // 使用此项目即默认开启-parameter编译参数
    ParameterReflector nameParameterReflector = constructorReflector2.parameterReflector("name");
    // 如果项目没有添加-parameter编译参数,那么参数名称将默认为arg + index(参数的在参数列表的索引位置),那么上面的调用将变
    // 成如下模样:
    ParameterReflector nameParameterReflector = constructorReflector2.parameterReflector("arg0");
    // 也可以使用重载方法,通过index获取参数反射器
    ParameterReflector nameParameterReflector = constructorReflector2.parameterReflector(0);
    // 获取构造反射器的参数列表的泛型类型,此处使用第三个构造方法
    Type[] types = constructorReflector.constructorParamGenerics();
    Arrays.stream(types).forEach(System.out::println);
    // 打印结果是一个ParameterizedTypeImpl参数化类型,不了解的可以去搜一搜
    // ParameterizedTypeImpl [rawType=interface java.util.List, ownerType=null, actualTypeArguments=[class net.wangjifeng.reflector.test.pojo.User]]
  • FieldReflector

    // 读取字段
    User user = new User("tom", 18);
    String name = nameFieldReflector.readValue(user);
    System.out.println(name); // tom
    // 写入字段
    nameFieldReflector.writeValue(user, "jack");
    System.out.println(user.getName()); // jack
    // 获取字段的泛型
    FieldReflector<List<? extends User>> listFieldReflector = classReflector.fieldReflector("users");
    Type generic = listFieldReflector.generic();
    System.out.println(generic);
    // 打印结果:ParameterizedTypeImpl [rawType=interface java.util.List, ownerType=null, actualTypeArguments=[WildcardTypeImpl{lowerBounds=[], upperBounds=[class net.wangjifeng.reflector.test.pojo.User]}]]
    // 打印结果是一个参数化类型内部包含一个通配符类型
  • MethodReflector

    User user = new User("tom", 18);
    // 调用getName方法
    MethodReflector<String> getNameMethodReflector = classReflector.methodReflector("getName");
    String name = getNameMethodReflector.invoke();
    System.out.println(name); // tom
    // 调用setName方法
    MethodReflector<String> setNameMethodReflector = classReflector.methodReflector("setName", String.class);
    setNameMethodReflector.invoke(user, "jack");
    System.out.println(user.getName()); // jack
    // 获取参数反射器相关api和构造方法类似,此处省略
    // 获取参数列表泛型和构造方法类型,此处省略
    // 获取返回值类型
    MethodReflector<List<? extends User>> getUsersMethodReflector = classReflector.methodReflector("getUsers");
    Type type = getUsersMethodReflector.returnTypeGeneric();
    System.out.println(type);
    // 打印结果如下:ParameterizedTypeImpl [rawType=interface java.util.List, ownerType=null, actualTypeArguments=[WildcardTypeImpl{lowerBounds=[], upperBounds=[class net.wangjifeng.reflector.test.pojo.User]}]]
  • ParameterReflector

    参数反射器的构造方法不可以自主调用,因为参数不会凭空产生。

    // 以setUsers方法为例
    MethodReflector<String> setUsersMethodReflector = 
        classReflector.methodReflector("setUsers", String.class);
    ParameterReflector parameterReflector = setUsersMethodReflector.parameterReflector("users");
    // 获取users参数的泛型
    Type generic = parameterReflector.generic();
    System.out.println(generic);
    // 打印结果:ParameterizedTypeImpl [rawType=interface java.util.List, ownerType=null, actualTypeArguments=[WildcardTypeImpl{lowerBounds=[], upperBounds=[class net.wangjifeng.reflector.test.pojo.User]}]]

使用

此项目当前没有推送到maven中央仓库,后期会推送,当前使用只能下载编译后引入项目。

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