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README
Apache-2.0

GitLab 构建 Docker 项目

分支介绍

分支 GitLab 执行器 介绍 流水线 镜像 文档 是否需要特权身份运行
using_docker_build docker/docker+machine/kubernetes 使用 Docker 构建 Docker 镜像 极狐 GitLab 极狐 GitLab 极狐 GitLab 中文文档 需要
using_kaniko docker/docker+machine/kubernetes 使用 kaniko 构建 Docker 镜像 极狐 GitLab 极狐 GitLab 极狐 GitLab 中文文档 不需要
docker_host docker/docker+machine/kubernetes 使用 已存在的 Docker DOCKER_HOST 远程连接 提供 Docker 服务 极狐 GitLab 极狐 GitLab 不需要
docker_sock docker/docker+machine/kubernetes 使用 宿主机 docker.sock:GitLab Runner 宿主机可正常使用 Docker 服务 极狐 GitLab 极狐 GitLab 不需要
shell shell GitLab Runner 宿主机可正常使用 Docker 服务 极狐 GitLab 极狐 GitLab 不需要

理论执行效率

shell > docker_sock > docker_host > using_docker_build > using_kaniko

分支 关键流程 优点
shell 无需创建容器,直接使用宿主机的 docker 服务 可使用历史镜像、构建缓存
docker_sock 使用 docker:cli 镜像 创建容器 时 挂载宿主机的 docker.sock,直接利用宿主机的 docker.sock 服务 可使用历史镜像、构建缓存
docker_host 使用 docker:cli 镜像 创建容器 后,使用网络与 docker 服务进行通信 可使用历史镜像、构建缓存
using_docker_build 使用 docker:cli 镜像 创建容器 后,再使用 docker:dind 镜像创建 docker 服务 不可使用历史镜像、构建缓存
using_kaniko 使用 gcr.io/kaniko-project/executor 镜像 创建容器,模拟 docker 功能 不可使用历史镜像、构建缓存

流水线配置/日志说明

Running with gitlab-runner 16.10.0 (81ab07f6)
  on lighthouse-docker cbuzP9Fz, system ID: s_5cb85b4639ca
Resolving secrets
00:00
Preparing the "docker" executor
Running with gitlab-runner 16.10.0 (81ab07f6)
  on lighthouse-shell gXU7qzxU, system ID: s_5cb85b4639ca
Resolving secrets
00:00
Preparing the "shell" executor
Running with gitlab-runner 16.8.1 (a6097117)
  on saas-shared-runner-manager-2 eaYS5YFx, system ID: s_70a1f0e16a12
Resolving secrets
00:00
Preparing the "docker+machine" executor
  • 上述 GitLab Runner 流水线日志解析

    • 第一行代表 GitLab Runner 的版本号(源代码记录 SHA 值)
    • 第二行代表 流水线的名称
      • lighthouse-docker 个人自建 GitLab Runner 流水线名称
      • lighthouse-shell 个人自建 GitLab Runner 流水线名称
      • saas-shared-runner-manager-2 极狐 SaaS GitLab Runner 流水线名称
    • Preparing the "xxx" executor
      • 其中 "xxx" 代表 GitLab Runner 流水线执行器的类型,"xxx" 合法值有:
        • custom
        • docker
        • docker+machine
        • docker-ssh
        • docker-ssh+machine
        • instance
        • kubernetes
        • parallels
        • shell
        • ssh
        • virtualbox
  • using_docker_build 分支

    • 14046475
      • 使用 极狐 GitLab SaaS 流水线 运行 Docker-in-Docker,运行结果正常
    • 14047213
      • 使用 自建 GitLab Runner 流水线 运行 Docker-in-Docker,运行结果异常
      • 异常原因:GitLab Runner 流水线没有使用特权身份运行
        • GitLab Runner 使用 root 用户运行
          # 查看当前runner用户
          ps aux | grep gitlab-runner
          # 删除gitlab-runner
          sudo gitlab-runner uninstall
          # 安装并设置--user(例如我想设置为root)
          gitlab-runner install --working-directory /home/gitlab-runner --user root
          # 重启gitlab-runner
          sudo service gitlab-runner restart
          # 再次执行会发现--user的用户名已经更换成root了
          ps aux | grep gitlab-runner
        • GitLab Runner 配置文件位置:/etc/gitlab-runner/config.toml
        • GitLab Runner Docker 执行器
          [[runners]]
            name = "lighthouse-docker"
            url = "https://jihulab.com/"
            ...省略
            executor = "docker"
            [runners.docker]
              # 此处配置 privileged = true,让流水线使用特权身份执行 
              privileged = true
              ...省略
    • 14047730
      • 使用 自建 GitLab Runner 流水线 运行 Docker-in-Docker,使用特权身份运行,运行结果异常
      • 异常原因:缺少环境变量
        • 在流水线配置中增加环境变量
          docker-build:
            # 使用的 docker 命令行镜像
            image: docker:cli
            stage: build
            services:
            # 使用的 docker 服务
              - docker:dind
            # 定义环境变量
            variables:
              # 关闭 Docker TLS/SSL
              DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
              # 定义 docker 命令行镜像的容器使用的 docker 服务的地址
              # 服务地址使用的镜像名称(不包含镜像 tag)
              DOCKER_HOST: tcp://docker:2375
          等价配置
          docker-build:
            # 使用的 docker 命令行镜像
            image: docker:cli
            stage: build
            services:
            # 使用的 docker 服务
              - name: docker:dind
                # 自定义别名
                alias: dockertest
            # 定义环境变量
            variables:
              # 关闭 Docker TLS/SSL
              DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
              # 定义 docker 命令行镜像的容器使用的 docker 服务的地址
              # 使用自定义别名
              DOCKER_HOST: tcp://dockertest:2375
    • 14047924
      • 增加了上述环境变量后,使用 自建 GitLab Runner 流水线 运行 Docker-in-Docker,运行结果正常
    • 14047982
      • 增加了上述环境变量后,使用 极狐 GitLab SaaS 流水线 运行 Docker-in-Docker,运行结果正常
  • docker_host 分支

    • 14050203
      • 部分流水线配置
        docker-build:
          # 使用的 docker 命令行镜像
          image: docker:cli
          stage: build
          variables:
            DOCKER_HOST: tcp://10.0.16.4:2375
          before_script:
          # 查看 docker 版本和状态
            - docker info
      • 镜像 docker:cli 的容器,根据 环境变量 DOCKER_HOST = tcp://10.0.16.4:2375 执行 docker info 查看 docker 信息时,输出的内容中的 Server Version: 26.0.2Name: VM-16-4-centos 等信息,可以判断出是 10.0.16.4 提供的 docker 服务。
      • 同样,使用 docker images 查看镜像也能判断出 是 10.0.16.4 提供的 docker 服务。
  • docker_sock 分支

    • 14050418
      • GitLab Runner 配置文件位置:/etc/gitlab-runner/config.toml
      • GitLab Runner Docker 执行器
        [[runners]]
          name = "lighthouse-docker"
          url = "https://jihulab.com/"
          ...省略
          executor = "docker"
        [runners.docker]
          # 挂载宿主机的 docker.sock 给流水线容器使用
          volumes = ["/run/docker.sock:/run/docker.sock"]
          ...省略
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