# Copyright 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ============================================================================
"""YOLOv3 based on DarkNet."""
import mindspore as ms
import mindspore.nn as nn
from mindspore.common.tensor import Tensor
from mindspore import context
from mindspore.context import ParallelMode
from mindspore.parallel._auto_parallel_context import auto_parallel_context
from mindspore.communication.management import get_group_size
from mindspore.ops import operations as P
from mindspore.ops import functional as F
from mindspore.ops import composite as C

from src.darknet import DarkNet, ResidualBlock
from src.config import ConfigYOLOV3DarkNet53
from src.loss import XYLoss, WHLoss, ConfidenceLoss, ClassLoss


def _conv_bn_relu(in_channel,
                  out_channel,
                  ksize,
                  stride=1,
                  padding=0,
                  dilation=1,
                  alpha=0.1,
                  momentum=0.9,
                  eps=1e-5,
                  pad_mode="same"):
    """Get a conv2d batchnorm and relu layer"""
    return nn.SequentialCell(
        [nn.Conv2d(in_channel,
                   out_channel,
                   kernel_size=ksize,
                   stride=stride,
                   padding=padding,
                   dilation=dilation,
                   pad_mode=pad_mode),
         nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channel, momentum=momentum, eps=eps),
         nn.LeakyReLU(alpha)]
    )


class YoloBlock(nn.Cell):
    """
    YoloBlock for YOLOv3.

    Args:
        in_channels: Integer. Input channel.
        out_chls: Interger. Middle channel.
        out_channels: Integer. Output channel.

    Returns:
        Tuple, tuple of output tensor,(f1,f2,f3).

    Examples:
        YoloBlock(1024, 512, 255)

    """
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_chls, out_channels):
        super(YoloBlock, self).__init__()
        out_chls_2 = out_chls*2

        self.conv0 = _conv_bn_relu(in_channels, out_chls, ksize=1)
        self.conv1 = _conv_bn_relu(out_chls, out_chls_2, ksize=3)

        self.conv2 = _conv_bn_relu(out_chls_2, out_chls, ksize=1)
        self.conv3 = _conv_bn_relu(out_chls, out_chls_2, ksize=3)

        self.conv4 = _conv_bn_relu(out_chls_2, out_chls, ksize=1)
        self.conv5 = _conv_bn_relu(out_chls, out_chls_2, ksize=3)

        self.conv6 = nn.Conv2d(out_chls_2, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, has_bias=True)

    def construct(self, x):
        c1 = self.conv0(x)
        c2 = self.conv1(c1)

        c3 = self.conv2(c2)
        c4 = self.conv3(c3)

        c5 = self.conv4(c4)
        c6 = self.conv5(c5)

        out = self.conv6(c6)
        return c5, out


class YOLOv3(nn.Cell):
    """
     YOLOv3 Network.

     Note:
         backbone = darknet53

     Args:
         backbone_shape: List. Darknet output channels shape.
         backbone: Cell. Backbone Network.
         out_channel: Interger. Output channel.

     Returns:
         Tensor, output tensor.

     Examples:
         YOLOv3(backbone_shape=[64, 128, 256, 512, 1024]
                backbone=darknet53(),
                out_channel=255)
     """
    def __init__(self, backbone_shape, backbone, out_channel):
        super(YOLOv3, self).__init__()
        self.out_channel = out_channel
        self.backbone = backbone
        self.backblock0 = YoloBlock(backbone_shape[-1], out_chls=backbone_shape[-2], out_channels=out_channel)

        self.conv1 = _conv_bn_relu(in_channel=backbone_shape[-2], out_channel=backbone_shape[-2]//2, ksize=1)
        self.backblock1 = YoloBlock(in_channels=backbone_shape[-2]+backbone_shape[-3],
                                    out_chls=backbone_shape[-3],
                                    out_channels=out_channel)

        self.conv2 = _conv_bn_relu(in_channel=backbone_shape[-3], out_channel=backbone_shape[-3]//2, ksize=1)
        self.backblock2 = YoloBlock(in_channels=backbone_shape[-3]+backbone_shape[-4],
                                    out_chls=backbone_shape[-4],
                                    out_channels=out_channel)
        self.concat = P.Concat(axis=1)

    def construct(self, x):
        # input_shape of x is (batch_size, 3, h, w)
        # feature_map1 is (batch_size, backbone_shape[2], h/8, w/8)
        # feature_map2 is (batch_size, backbone_shape[3], h/16, w/16)
        # feature_map3 is (batch_size, backbone_shape[4], h/32, w/32)
        img_hight = P.Shape()(x)[2]
        img_width = P.Shape()(x)[3]
        feature_map1, feature_map2, feature_map3 = self.backbone(x)
        con1, big_object_output = self.backblock0(feature_map3)

        con1 = self.conv1(con1)
        ups1 = P.ResizeNearestNeighbor((img_hight / 16, img_width / 16))(con1)
        con1 = self.concat((ups1, feature_map2))
        con2, medium_object_output = self.backblock1(con1)

        con2 = self.conv2(con2)
        ups2 = P.ResizeNearestNeighbor((img_hight / 8, img_width / 8))(con2)
        con3 = self.concat((ups2, feature_map1))
        _, small_object_output = self.backblock2(con3)

        return big_object_output, medium_object_output, small_object_output


class DetectionBlock(nn.Cell):
    """
     YOLOv3 detection Network. It will finally output the detection result.

     Args:
         scale: Character.
         config: ConfigYOLOV3DarkNet53, Configuration instance.
         is_training: Bool, Whether train or not, default True.

     Returns:
         Tuple, tuple of output tensor,(f1,f2,f3).

     Examples:
         DetectionBlock(scale='l',stride=32)
     """

    def __init__(self, scale, config=ConfigYOLOV3DarkNet53(), is_training=True):
        super(DetectionBlock, self).__init__()
        self.config = config
        if scale == 's':
            idx = (0, 1, 2)
        elif scale == 'm':
            idx = (3, 4, 5)
        elif scale == 'l':
            idx = (6, 7, 8)
        else:
            raise KeyError("Invalid scale value for DetectionBlock")
        self.anchors = Tensor([self.config.anchor_scales[i] for i in idx], ms.float32)
        self.num_anchors_per_scale = 3
        self.num_attrib = 4+1+self.config.num_classes
        self.lambda_coord = 1

        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()
        self.reshape = P.Reshape()
        self.tile = P.Tile()
        self.concat = P.Concat(axis=-1)
        self.conf_training = is_training

    def construct(self, x, input_shape):
        num_batch = P.Shape()(x)[0]
        grid_size = P.Shape()(x)[2:4]

        # Reshape and transpose the feature to [n, grid_size[0], grid_size[1], 3, num_attrib]
        prediction = P.Reshape()(x, (num_batch,
                                     self.num_anchors_per_scale,
                                     self.num_attrib,
                                     grid_size[0],
                                     grid_size[1]))
        prediction = P.Transpose()(prediction, (0, 3, 4, 1, 2))

        range_x = range(grid_size[1])
        range_y = range(grid_size[0])
        grid_x = P.Cast()(F.tuple_to_array(range_x), ms.float32)
        grid_y = P.Cast()(F.tuple_to_array(range_y), ms.float32)
        # Tensor of shape [grid_size[0], grid_size[1], 1, 1] representing the coordinate of x/y axis for each grid
        # [batch, gridx, gridy, 1, 1]
        grid_x = self.tile(self.reshape(grid_x, (1, 1, -1, 1, 1)), (1, grid_size[0], 1, 1, 1))
        grid_y = self.tile(self.reshape(grid_y, (1, -1, 1, 1, 1)), (1, 1, grid_size[1], 1, 1))
        # Shape is [grid_size[0], grid_size[1], 1, 2]
        grid = self.concat((grid_x, grid_y))

        box_xy = prediction[:, :, :, :, :2]
        box_wh = prediction[:, :, :, :, 2:4]
        box_confidence = prediction[:, :, :, :, 4:5]
        box_probs = prediction[:, :, :, :, 5:]

        # gridsize1 is x
        # gridsize0 is y
        box_xy = (self.sigmoid(box_xy) + grid) / P.Cast()(F.tuple_to_array((grid_size[1], grid_size[0])), ms.float32)
        # box_wh is w->h
        box_wh = P.Exp()(box_wh) * self.anchors / input_shape
        box_confidence = self.sigmoid(box_confidence)
        box_probs = self.sigmoid(box_probs)

        if self.conf_training:
            return grid, prediction, box_xy, box_wh
        return self.concat((box_xy, box_wh, box_confidence, box_probs))


class Iou(nn.Cell):
    """Calculate the iou of boxes"""
    def __init__(self):
        super(Iou, self).__init__()
        self.min = P.Minimum()
        self.max = P.Maximum()

    def construct(self, box1, box2):
        # box1: pred_box [batch, gx, gy, anchors, 1,      4] ->4: [x_center, y_center, w, h]
        # box2: gt_box   [batch, 1,  1,  1,       maxbox, 4]
        # convert to topLeft and rightDown
        box1_xy = box1[:, :, :, :, :, :2]
        box1_wh = box1[:, :, :, :, :, 2:4]
        box1_mins = box1_xy - box1_wh / F.scalar_to_array(2.0) # topLeft
        box1_maxs = box1_xy + box1_wh / F.scalar_to_array(2.0) # rightDown

        box2_xy = box2[:, :, :, :, :, :2]
        box2_wh = box2[:, :, :, :, :, 2:4]
        box2_mins = box2_xy - box2_wh / F.scalar_to_array(2.0)
        box2_maxs = box2_xy + box2_wh / F.scalar_to_array(2.0)

        intersect_mins = self.max(box1_mins, box2_mins)
        intersect_maxs = self.min(box1_maxs, box2_maxs)
        intersect_wh = self.max(intersect_maxs - intersect_mins, F.scalar_to_array(0.0))
        # P.squeeze: for effiecient slice
        intersect_area = P.Squeeze(-1)(intersect_wh[:, :, :, :, :, 0:1]) * \
                         P.Squeeze(-1)(intersect_wh[:, :, :, :, :, 1:2])
        box1_area = P.Squeeze(-1)(box1_wh[:, :, :, :, :, 0:1]) * P.Squeeze(-1)(box1_wh[:, :, :, :, :, 1:2])
        box2_area = P.Squeeze(-1)(box2_wh[:, :, :, :, :, 0:1]) * P.Squeeze(-1)(box2_wh[:, :, :, :, :, 1:2])
        iou = intersect_area / (box1_area + box2_area - intersect_area)
        # iou : [batch, gx, gy, anchors, maxboxes]
        return iou


class YoloLossBlock(nn.Cell):
    """
    Loss block cell of YOLOV3 network.
    """
    def __init__(self, scale, config=ConfigYOLOV3DarkNet53()):
        super(YoloLossBlock, self).__init__()
        self.config = config
        if scale == 's':
            # anchor mask
            idx = (0, 1, 2)
        elif scale == 'm':
            idx = (3, 4, 5)
        elif scale == 'l':
            idx = (6, 7, 8)
        else:
            raise KeyError("Invalid scale value for DetectionBlock")
        self.anchors = Tensor([self.config.anchor_scales[i] for i in idx], ms.float32)
        self.ignore_threshold = Tensor(self.config.ignore_threshold, ms.float32)
        self.concat = P.Concat(axis=-1)
        self.iou = Iou()
        self.reduce_max = P.ReduceMax(keep_dims=False)
        self.xy_loss = XYLoss()
        self.wh_loss = WHLoss()
        self.confidenceLoss = ConfidenceLoss()
        self.classLoss = ClassLoss()

    def construct(self, grid, prediction, pred_xy, pred_wh, y_true, gt_box, input_shape):
        # prediction : origin output from yolo
        # pred_xy: (sigmoid(xy)+grid)/grid_size
        # pred_wh: (exp(wh)*anchors)/input_shape
        # y_true : after normalize
        # gt_box: [batch, maxboxes, xyhw] after normalize

        object_mask = y_true[:, :, :, :, 4:5]
        class_probs = y_true[:, :, :, :, 5:]

        grid_shape = P.Shape()(prediction)[1:3]
        grid_shape = P.Cast()(F.tuple_to_array(grid_shape[::-1]), ms.float32)

        pred_boxes = self.concat((pred_xy, pred_wh))
        true_xy = y_true[:, :, :, :, :2] * grid_shape - grid
        true_wh = y_true[:, :, :, :, 2:4]
        true_wh = P.Select()(P.Equal()(true_wh, 0.0),
                             P.Fill()(P.DType()(true_wh),
                                      P.Shape()(true_wh), 1.0),
                             true_wh)
        true_wh = P.Log()(true_wh / self.anchors * input_shape)
        # 2-w*h for large picture, use small scale, since small obj need more precise
        box_loss_scale = 2 - y_true[:, :, :, :, 2:3] * y_true[:, :, :, :, 3:4]

        gt_shape = P.Shape()(gt_box)
        gt_box = P.Reshape()(gt_box, (gt_shape[0], 1, 1, 1, gt_shape[1], gt_shape[2]))

        # add one more dimension for broadcast
        iou = self.iou(P.ExpandDims()(pred_boxes, -2), gt_box)
        # gt_box is x,y,h,w after normalize
        # [batch, grid[0], grid[1], num_anchor, num_gt]
        best_iou = self.reduce_max(iou, -1)
        # [batch, grid[0], grid[1], num_anchor]

        # ignore_mask IOU too small
        ignore_mask = best_iou < self.ignore_threshold
        ignore_mask = P.Cast()(ignore_mask, ms.float32)
        ignore_mask = P.ExpandDims()(ignore_mask, -1)
        # ignore_mask backpro will cause a lot maximunGrad and minimumGrad time consume.
        # so we turn off its gradient
        ignore_mask = F.stop_gradient(ignore_mask)

        xy_loss = self.xy_loss(object_mask, box_loss_scale, prediction[:, :, :, :, :2], true_xy)
        wh_loss = self.wh_loss(object_mask, box_loss_scale, prediction[:, :, :, :, 2:4], true_wh)
        confidence_loss = self.confidenceLoss(object_mask, prediction[:, :, :, :, 4:5], ignore_mask)
        class_loss = self.classLoss(object_mask, prediction[:, :, :, :, 5:], class_probs)
        loss = xy_loss + wh_loss + confidence_loss + class_loss
        batch_size = P.Shape()(prediction)[0]
        return loss / batch_size


class YOLOV3DarkNet53(nn.Cell):
    """
    Darknet based YOLOV3 network.

    Args:
        is_training: Bool. Whether train or not.

    Returns:
        Cell, cell instance of Darknet based YOLOV3 neural network.

    Examples:
        YOLOV3DarkNet53(True)
    """

    def __init__(self, is_training):
        super(YOLOV3DarkNet53, self).__init__()
        self.config = ConfigYOLOV3DarkNet53()

        # YOLOv3 network
        self.feature_map = YOLOv3(backbone=DarkNet(ResidualBlock, self.config.backbone_layers,
                                                   self.config.backbone_input_shape,
                                                   self.config.backbone_shape,
                                                   detect=True),
                                  backbone_shape=self.config.backbone_shape,
                                  out_channel=self.config.out_channel)

        # prediction on the default anchor boxes
        self.detect_1 = DetectionBlock('l', is_training=is_training)
        self.detect_2 = DetectionBlock('m', is_training=is_training)
        self.detect_3 = DetectionBlock('s', is_training=is_training)

    def construct(self, x, input_shape):
        big_object_output, medium_object_output, small_object_output = self.feature_map(x)
        output_big = self.detect_1(big_object_output, input_shape)
        output_me = self.detect_2(medium_object_output, input_shape)
        output_small = self.detect_3(small_object_output, input_shape)
        # big is the final output which has smallest feature map
        return output_big, output_me, output_small


class YoloWithLossCell(nn.Cell):
    """YOLOV3 loss."""
    def __init__(self, network):
        super(YoloWithLossCell, self).__init__()
        self.yolo_network = network
        self.config = ConfigYOLOV3DarkNet53()
        self.loss_big = YoloLossBlock('l', self.config)
        self.loss_me = YoloLossBlock('m', self.config)
        self.loss_small = YoloLossBlock('s', self.config)

    def construct(self, x, y_true_0, y_true_1, y_true_2, gt_0, gt_1, gt_2, input_shape):
        yolo_out = self.yolo_network(x, input_shape)
        loss_l = self.loss_big(*yolo_out[0], y_true_0, gt_0, input_shape)
        loss_m = self.loss_me(*yolo_out[1], y_true_1, gt_1, input_shape)
        loss_s = self.loss_small(*yolo_out[2], y_true_2, gt_2, input_shape)
        return loss_l + loss_m + loss_s


class TrainingWrapper(nn.Cell):
    """Training wrapper."""
    def __init__(self, network, optimizer, sens=1.0):
        super(TrainingWrapper, self).__init__(auto_prefix=False)
        self.network = network
        self.network.set_grad()
        self.weights = optimizer.parameters
        self.optimizer = optimizer
        self.grad = C.GradOperation(get_by_list=True, sens_param=True)
        self.sens = sens
        self.reducer_flag = False
        self.grad_reducer = None
        self.parallel_mode = context.get_auto_parallel_context("parallel_mode")
        if self.parallel_mode in [ParallelMode.DATA_PARALLEL, ParallelMode.HYBRID_PARALLEL]:
            self.reducer_flag = True
        if self.reducer_flag:
            mean = context.get_auto_parallel_context("gradients_mean")
            if auto_parallel_context().get_device_num_is_set():
                degree = context.get_auto_parallel_context("device_num")
            else:
                degree = get_group_size()
            self.grad_reducer = nn.DistributedGradReducer(optimizer.parameters, mean, degree)

    def construct(self, *args):
        weights = self.weights
        loss = self.network(*args)
        sens = P.Fill()(P.DType()(loss), P.Shape()(loss), self.sens)
        grads = self.grad(self.network, weights)(*args, sens)
        if self.reducer_flag:
            grads = self.grad_reducer(grads)
        return F.depend(loss, self.optimizer(grads))